欧美＆必听 . 这歌里的细微末节就算都体验 - 网易云音乐
欧美＆必听 . 这歌里的细微末节就算都体验
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杭州乐读科技有限公司运营：From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Samuel "Sam" Zell (born Shmuel Zielonka) on September 28, 1941) is an American . He is chairman of Equity Group Investments (EGI), the private investment firm he founded in 1969. The majority of his investment portfolio ranges across industries such as energy, manufacturing, logistics/transportation, healthcare, and communications, but he is often noted for his pioneering role in creating the modern commercial real estate industry.
Zell is also the founder and chairman of , a private investment firm focused on building real estate-related businesses in international emerging markets. In addition, Zell maintains substantial interests in, and is the Chairman of, a number of public companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange, including:
(EQR), the largest apartment
(or REIT) in the U.S.; Equity LifeStyle Properties (ELS), a REIT that owns and operates manufactured home an Equity Commonwealth (EQC) an office REIT;
(CVA), an international owner/operator of energy-from-waste and power g and
(AXE), a leading global provider of communications, security, and wire and cable products, whose market share was estimated as being $2.9bn in 2015.
Zell was born in Chicago to a Jewish family, the son of Ruchla and Berek Zielonka. His parents were
emigrants from Poland, where his father had been a successful grain trader. They immigrated to the United States via
just before the . Soon after arriving, his parents changed their first and last names, becoming Rochelle and Bernard Zell. They then moved from
to Chicago where his father became a jewelry wholesaler. When Sam was 8 years old, his sister Leah was born. When he was twelve, the family moved to
where he graduated from
and his sister was valedictorian of her 1967 high school class. In 1963, Sam graduated with a
from the , where he was also a member of the
fraternity. While in school, Zell managed a 15 unit apartment building in return for free room-and-board and was soon managing the owner's other properties. Joined by his fraternity brother , he won a contract with a large apartment development owner in
who was impressed with Zell's knowledge of what students wanted. By the time he graduated with a
in 1966, he and Lurie were managing over 4,000 apartments and owned 100-200 units outright. After school, he sold off his interest in the management company to Lurie and moved to Chicago.
After graduation, he worked as a lawyer for one week before deciding that the profession was not for him. One of the senior partners who admired Zell's zeal, decided to invest with him, enabling Zell to purchase an apartment building in Toledo. In 1968, Zell founded the predecessor of Equity Group Investments and was joined a year later by his former partner, Robert H. Lurie. Together, they went on to grow the small firm into a vast enterprise, until Lurie's death in 1990.
was the genesis for three of the largest public real estate companies in history, including: , the largest apartment owner in the United S , the largest office
and Equity Lifestyle, an owner/operator of manufactured home and resort communities. With their entry onto the public markets in the 1990s, Zell became recognized as a founding father of the modern real estate industry.[] In addition, Zell has created a number of public and private companies in various other industries.[]
In 2007 the
completed its purchase of Zell's Equity Office Properties Trust for $39 billion, which was the largest LBO in history at the time. Blackstone sold off many of the portfolio's properties for record amounts. By early 2009 most of the properties sold were "under water" (worth less than the mortgage).
Zell affiliates owned the , the drugstore , department store chain , energy company
and mattress company . In 1985, Zell took over Itel Corporation.
Between 1992 and 1999, Zell's Chillmark fund owned , a successful radio broadcast group that included a television station. The company was sold to
in 1999. On April 2, 2007, the
announced its acceptance of Zell's offer to sponsor the going-private transaction of , the , and the company's other media assets. On December 20, 2007, Zell took the company private, and the following day he became the Chairman and CEO. He sold the
and the company's 25 percent interest in
Chicago. Under the burden of the debt incurred as part of Zell's
and in context of the unexpected severity of the Great Recession, the Tribune Co. filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization in December 2008.
In a sharply critical June 2008 opinion piece for
entitled, "The L.A. Times' Human Wrecking Ball", veteran Los Angeles-based editor and columnist
took Zell to task for "taking bean counting to a whole new level", asserting that "he's well on his way to ... destroying the L.A. Times." Comparing Zell to James McNamara, who was sentenced to life in prison for the notorious 1910
(which killed 21 employees), Meyerson concluded his article by opining that "Life in San Quentin sounds about right" for Zell.
In January 2008, Zell bought a controlling share in the , owner of the Chicago Tribune, among other newspapers. His decision to put Randy Michaels in charge was one of several moves that were sharply criticized by the employees. Besides creating a hostile workplace (citation needed), Michaels laid off several employees while giving large bonuses to the executives. Less than a year after Mr. Zell bought the company, it tipped into bankruptcy, listing $7.6 billion in assets against a debt of $13 billion, making it the largest bankruptcy in the history of the American media industry. More than 4,200 people have lost jobs since the purchase, while resources for the Tribune newspapers and television stations have been slashed."
Zell and his wife, Helen, are active philanthropists who focus heavily on education and the arts. Among their public beneficiaries are: the University of Michigan with the sponsorship of the Zell/Lurie Institute for Entrepreneurial Studies and the Master of Fine Arts Creative Writing Program, Northwestern University's Kellogg School Zell Center for Risk Research and Zell's Scholar Program, the University of Pennsylvania Wharton School's Zell/Lurie Real Estate Center, Ounce of Prevention, the Museum of Contemporary Art and the Chicago Symphony.[]
Zell, according to , is also "a major donor to causes in Israel. His donations include a $3.1 million donation to the
in Israel and separate donations to the , a free market oriented Israeli
founded by . In the United States, he has given major gifts to such Jewish causes as the
and the , a Chicago Jewish primary school named after his father."
In 2007, Zell acquired a newspaper publisher company called Tribune Co., simultaneously announcing the plan to sell the . During a conference with journalists from the Orlando Sentinel (part of the Tribune Co.), Zell told a journalist that "hopefully we get the point where our revenue is so significant that we can do puppies and Iraq. Okay? Fuck you.".
In 2008, Zell confirmed a plan to place the
up for sale separately in order to maximize profits. He also announced he would consider selling naming rights to Wrigley Field. These announcements were widely unpopular in Chicago and a poll taken by the
showed that 53% of 2,000 people who voted said they would no longer attend Cubs games if the field were renamed.
Zell's company Equity LifeStyle Properties, a leading owner/operator of manufactured home and resort communities, has been criticized by tenants and their representatives for working to eliminate rent-control laws in local municipalities so that they can bring rents on their properties up to market-level rates. The company characterizes rent controls as "private subsidies for mobile-home dwellers", saying in 2007 that its annual subsidy to California tenants was $15 million.
Zell has been married three times and divorced twice. He has three children: son, Matthew, JoAnn, and Kellie, adopted from his second marriage. His third wife is Helen Zell.
Zell is known for using "salty" language in the newsroom. In February 2008, the website
reprinted an internal memo that said:
Last week you may have encountered some colorful uses of the lexicon from Sam Zell that we are not used to hearing at the Times... But of course we still have the same expectations at the Times of what is correct in the workplace. It's not good judgment to use profane or hostile language and we can't tolerate that... In short, the fundamental rules of decorum and decency apply... Sam is the rest of us are bound by the normal conventions of society.
January 2015
Hammond, Ed. , Forbes, 5 January 2015. Accessed 26 January 2016.
Johnson, by Ben E.
Dec 31, 2009
November 30, 2012
Raphael, Marc (2008). The Columbia history of Jews and Judaism in America. Columbia. p. 237.
Katharine Q. Seelye, Terry Pristin (March 25, 2007). .
Laing, Jonathan R. (). . .
(PDF). Grahamanddoddsville.net 2004.
. Covanta.
Wilson, David (February 8, 2007). .
Charles V. Bagli (February 6, 2009). . The New York Times.
Judith Crown (May 12, 1997). . .
. The New York Times. June 5, 1992.
GEORGE WHITE and STUART SILVERSTEIN (August 15, 1995). . .
William Gruber (January 11, 1993). . Chicago Tribune.
Stanley Ziemba (January 22, 1997). . Chicago Tribune.
. Graham & Doddsville (XIV): 27.
Alejandro Bodipo-Memba (October 9, 1998). . .
Shira Ovide (December 9, 2008). . .
, June 11, 2008
April 23, 2014, at the .
Nathaniel Popper,
, April 13, 2007
Zappone, Chris (April 3, 2007). . cnn.
Tate, Ryan (February 4, 2008). . Gawker.
Bialik, Carl (February 29, 2008). . .
Wojciechowski, Gene (March 2, 2008). . ESPN.
Dodd, Mike (March 1, 2008). . .
Mulligan, Thomas S. (April 2, 2007). . Loa Angeles Times 2012.
Romenesko, Jim (). . Poynter.
Roderick, Kevin (). . LA Observed.
in libraries ( catalog)
at the Interdisciplinary Center in Israel
at Newsmeat
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