1、it作为形式主语的句式如下：It + be + 名词 + that从句：It is a fact that
事实是。it在主语从句中形式主语，that之后的句子是句子真正的主语。因为要避免头重脚轻，be动词后面，that之前的词语数目不能太多，需要一个it保持平衡。2、It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句:It is said that 据说。It + 不及物动词（vi） + that 从句：It seems that 似乎。It + be + 形容词 + that从句。It is natural that… 很自然…3、It在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”。是所有的句式把形式主语it去掉之后，都可以把that从句放到前面来。比如It is a common knowledge that oil floats on the water. （油浮在水面上是常识。）给大家分享美食教程做法，谢谢关注。}

it作形式主语的常用结构和常用句式为了平衡句子结构,常用it作形式主语，真正的主语后置。一、it作形式主语的常用结构:1.It+be+形容词/名词短语/过去分词+主语从句2.It+be+形容词( +for/of sb.) +不定式短语3.It+be+名词短语+不定式短语4.It+be+名词/形容词+动名词5.It+takes( +sb.) +时间/金钱+动词不定式(1 )二、it作形式主语的常用句式:①it is no use/good doing sth. 做某事没有用处/好处It is fun doing sth. 做某事有趣It is a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间②It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间③It is certain that... 肯定……It is likely/ possible that...（that引导主语从句并不是同位语从句）可能……④It is a pity/ shame that..真遗憾/可惜……It is a fact that...事实……It is a wonder that...令人惊奇的是……⑤It seems/appears that...似乎/看起来……It happens that... 碰巧……It turns out that...原来是，结果是……⑥It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb. that...某人突然想到……⑦It is believed that… 人们相信……It is said that...据说……It is suggested that...有人建议……It is acknowledged that... 公认的是……It is thought that...大家认为……例It is certain that they will agree. 他们肯定会同意。例It is a shame that she wasn't here to see it.真可惜她没有在这儿亲眼看看。例It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.她原来是我姐姐的朋友。例It is generally acknowledged that young people from the poorer socioeconomic background tend to do less well in our educational system.人们普遍认为，在我们的教育体制里,有比较贫困的社会与经济背景的年轻人往往会表现欠佳。学习英语，需要注重积累，平时可多阅读《中学英语语法》等书籍，来提升英语水平。 请点个「关注」，并转发分享，愿你我他都能从中汲取人生的养分。}

1、新希望英语语法精讲It ”作形式主语和形式宾语It ”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解It 作形式主语和形式宾语用法，是英语学习的主要语法项目之一。无论是单项选择，还是完行填空， it用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一。现将it 在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法，进行如下归纳分析，以供学习参考。一、 It 用作形式主语 当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。. It is wrong to tell a lie. （It is no use arguing about it. （It is uncertain who will com2、e. （It 作形式主语的常见句型：子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用 it 作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it说谎是错误的。 )It 为 to tell a lie 的形式主语争吵是没用的。 ) It 为 arguing about it 的形式主语谁要来还不确定。 )It 为 who will come 的形式主语学一门外语非常重要。 ) )她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。 It + be + 形容词 + to do sth./ doing /that. It is very important to learn a foreign langu3、age. （It is useless crying over the spilt milk. （ 覆水难收。It was really surprising that she married a man like that.（ It + be +名词词组 + doing / that . It is no good telling lies. （撒谎没好处。 ）It is a pity that you didn t go to see the film yesterday. （It is a truth that there would be no new China without th4、e Communist Party.（ 没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。 ）It + be +过去分词+ that .该句型常见动词有： say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. （据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。 ）It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the worl5、d.（ 大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。 ）It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.（ 据报道，至少有十七万人在 2004 年那场海啸中丧生。 ） It + seems / appears / happens 等不及物动词 + that . It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.（似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。 ）It appears that Tom might change his mind. （看来汤姆可能会改变主意。 ） 若句子6、是疑问形式，就只能用 it 作形式主语。. Does it matter much that they won t come tomorrow （ 他们明天不来很重要吗）Is it true that he will go abroad next week （他下周出国是真的吗） It + takes + （sb.） + some time + to do sth.这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中 it 是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（ to do sth. ），句型中的 sb. 也可以省略。. It took me some time to read the reading7、 materials.（我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。 ）Ittook him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.（从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他 14 小时。 ）How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train （从青岛坐火车到北京一般要花多久时间 ）I am not sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.（ 我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才能到那8、儿。 ）二、 It 用作形式宾语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it 仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。下列四种情况须用 it 作形式宾语： 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如 think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose 等）；. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese. （他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉 快。）（我觉得理9、解英语特别节目并不I don t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.难。）（他立志决不向别人借钱。）（我认为没必要跟他们谈。）like, enjoy, love, hate 等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；（我不喜欢他那么懒惰。）He makes it a rule never to borrow money.I think it no need talking about it with them. 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如. I don t like it that he s so lazy.（我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡10、蛋。）（尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。）（你负责保证她早到家，好吗）（他坚持说自己是无辜的。）I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. that 引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；. You may depend on it that we shall always help you.Would you see to it that she gets home earlyHe insisted on it that he was innocent. 由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用 it 。. I leave11、 it to your own judgement whether you should do it. （我让你自己判断这事是否该做。）We owe it to you that there wasn t a serious accident. （多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。） 练习一1. Is necessary to complete the design before National Day A. this B. thatC.it D. he2. I don t think possible to master a foreign language without much memor12、y work.A. thisB. thatC. itsD. it3. Does matter if he can t finish the job on time A. this B. thatC. he D.it4. Tom s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but didn t help. A. he B.which C. she D. it5. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B.This13、 C. That D. It6. I hate when people talk with their mouths full. A. itB. that C. theseD. them7. Don t that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove tobe the most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for grantedD. take it for granted8. I lik14、e in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. thisB. thatC. it D. one练习二1.happened he is unfit for the . This; that B. That; thatC. It;thatD.He; that2.We took for granted that they would accept our . thatB. thisC. itD.them3.that the scientist will give us a talk next monthA. Is trueB. Is 15、it trueC.It s true D. It s truly4. doesn t matter much dress you are going to . This; that B. That;who C. It; whichD. It; who5. is going to America for further study.A. He is said thatB. People said that he C. It was said heD. It is said that he6. They are good friends. is no wonder that they know e16、ach other so . This B. ThatC. There D. It7. Is possible to fly to the moon in a spaceshipA. thisD. it8. She liked when he kissed her. A. himB. that9. will do you good to do some exercise every morning. A. ItD. OneB. there C. thatC. oneD. itB. There C. Those10. We think our duty to pay taxes to our .17、 thatB. this C. its D. itKey: 练习 一 1-8 CDDDDADC 习二 1-5 CCBCD 6-10 DDDADit 作形式主语和形式宾语it 既可作人称代词， 用来表示动物或无生命的物体等， 也可以作无人称代词， 在句中作主语， 表示“时间”、“距离”、“天气”等。它还可以引导强调句，使语气得以加强。此外， it 在句中能作引导词，充当句子中的形式上的成分，如形式主语、形式宾语等。 it 作形式主语： it 作形式主语时没有具体的意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移到句子后部去，使句子显得平稳一些。 it 作形式主语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和主语从句。1.18、 it 代替不定式短语 常用于下列句型中：It + be + 形容词 + (for/of sb.)to do sth.It + be + 名词 + to do sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth.干花了某人时间It' s up to sb. to do sth.干是某人的职责或义务如：It is everyone ' s duty to obey the law.遵守法律是每个人的义务。( it 作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to obey the law )It is difficult for a foreigner to learn C19、hinese.对于一个外国人来说，学习汉语是困难的。it 作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to learn Chinese ） It is not rightto use these places as rubbish dumps.把这些地方用来倒垃圾是不对的。it 作形式主语 , 代替不定式短语 to use these places as rubbish dumps )建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。to build the bridge ）瞪着眼睛看人是不礼貌的。to stare at people ）帮助那些有困难的人是我们的责任。to help those in need ） It took20、 them a year to build the bridge.（ it 作形式主语, 代替不定式短语 It is bad manners to stare at people.（ it 作形式主语, 代替不定式短语 It is up to us to help those in need.（ it 作形式主语, 代替不定式短语我怎样干我的工作不用你来多嘴。 It is not up to you to tell me how to do my job.it 作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to tell me how to do my job ） It be + 形容词 + for sb. t21、o do sth. 与 It be +形容词 +of sb. to do sth. :如果句型中的形容词描述的是sb. 的品质、品格，在逻辑上可以作sb. 的表语，则 sb. 前应用介词 of ， 否贝就用 for。如： It ' s necessary for us to use a short -wave radio to pick up the programmes.我们用一台短波收音机收听这些节目是必要的。It ' s important for u s to learn English well.学好英语对我们来说是重要的。It ' s kind of you22、 to help me.感谢你对我的帮助。(=You are kind to help me. )It was foolish of him to give up the job.他放弃那工作是愚蠢的(=He was foolish to give up the job. ）2. it代替动名词短语：动名词作主语用后置形式的情况远不及不定式那么普遍，常限于no good, no use,useless, waste 等词的后面。It is no good/ use having a car if you can' t drive .如果你不会开车， 有车也没用。（ it作形式主语, 代23、替动名词短语 having a car）Itisa waste of timewatching TV.看电视是浪费时间。（it 作形式主语，代替动名词短语watchingTV）It is no use asking him.问他没有用。（it 作形式主语，代替动名词短语 asking him ） It is no use talking to him about it. 和他谈这事没有用。 （ it 作形式主语, 代替动名词短语talkingto him about it ）3. it代替主语从句：这个主语从句可以用连词 that引导，也可以用连接代词或连接副词引导。 如：It was cle24、ar that they had no desire for peace.很清楚他们没有和平的诚意。（ it 作形式主语, 代替主语从句 that they had no desire for peace ） It is doubtful whether she will be able to come. 她能否来还很难说。（ it 作形式主语, 代替主语从句 whether she will be able to come ） It was clear enough what she meant. 她的意思是够清楚的。（ it 作形式主语, 代替主语从句 what shemeant） It 25、hasn ' t been made clear when the new road is to be opened totraffic.还没明确宣布新路什么时候通车。（ it 作形式主语 , 代替主语从句 when the new road is to be opened to traffic ） It is a mystery to me how it all happened.这都是怎么发生的对于我来说还是一个谜。（ it 作形式主语, 代替主语从句 how it all happened ）用 it 作形式主语，把真正的主语从句移至后面的常见句型有： It is a pity/26、 a shame/ a fact/ an honour/ good news/ no wonder/ a wonder that 如： It was a pity that the engineer couldn ' t come.可惜工程师没能够来。 It is a wonder that he continues to gamble when he always loses!令人惊讶的是他一直输还一直赌。(It is ) no wonder (that) you were late!难怪你来晚了。 It is a shame that the rain spoiled our pi27、cnic.真可惜，这场雨把我们的野餐给搅了。 It is a fact that English is being accepted as international language.英语被认为是国际语言，这是一个事实。 It is + 形容词 (如： strange/ natural/ surprising/ obvious/ true/ fortunate/ wonderful/funny/ possible/ impossible/ likely/ unlikely/ clear/ unusual/ certain/ important)that 如： It is certain th28、at he will win.他一定会取胜。 It is important that we should learn from each other and help each other.我们应当互相学习，互相帮助，这是很重要的。It was obvious that the child had been badly treated.很显然那个孩子受过虐待。 It is likely that he will ring me tonight.他今晚可能给我打电话。 It is strange that he should have left without telling us.真奇怪，他29、也没说一声就走了。 It is unlikely that their group will get ahead of us.他们小组不会赶到我们前头去。 It seems/ happened/ turned out/ suddenly struck me/ occurred to methat 如： It happened that I wasn ' t there that day.恰好那天我不在那里。It seems that his idea is more practical.看起来他的意见更实际一些。 It suddenly occurred to me that I kn30、ew how to solve that problem.我忽然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题。 It + be +过去分词 (如： said/ reported/ announced/ decided/ expected/ hoped/ known/believed )that 如： It is hoped that the number of deer will greatly increase very soon.(相 当于： People hope that the number of deer will greatly increase very soon)人们希望鹿的数目将会很快增加。31、It i s said that nothing has been done about it.据说至今对此没采取任何措施。 It is reported that more than twenty people were killed in that bus accident.据报道在那次的公共汽车事故中有二十多人丧生。 It is known that he is one of the best teachers in our school.大家都知道他是我们学校最好的教师之一。 It is belie ved that the flood there is the biggest in 32、100 years.据认为那儿的洪水是百年来最大的洪水。* 注意要在 It is suggested/required/desired/ordered/proposed that 的主语从句中用虚拟语气：(should) + 动词原形如： It is requested that he give a performance at the party.有人请求他在聚会上表演个节目。 It is suggested that we should get everything ready by tonight.建议切在今晚准备好。It is ordered that the radio be sen33、t there at once.据命令，这台收音机要立刻送到那里去。 It doesn ' t matter + 连接代词或副词It doesn ' t make too much difference+ 连接代词或副词如： It doesn ' t matter whether h e comes or not.他来还是不来都没关系。It won ' t make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow.你今天去也好，明天去也好，关系不大。 it 作形式宾语：it 作形式宾语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式34、、动名词和宾语从句。it 作形式宾语时，需具备两个条件： 真正的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句 有宾语补足语 具备了这两个条件，形式宾语 it 一定要用。1. it 代替不定式短语think/ find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard + it + 形容词 /名词 + 不定式短语如： I find it pleasant to work with him.(it 作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to work with him) 我觉得和他一起工作很愉快。They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short tim35、e.（it作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to finish the work in such a short time）他们认为在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是困难的。She thinks it her duty to help us.（ it作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to help us ）她觉得帮助我们是她的责任。 I think it my honor to be invited to speak here.（it 作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to be invited to speak here ）我觉得应邀在这儿演讲是我的荣耀。Tom didn' t fi nd it difficu36、lt to write letters in Chinese.（it 作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to write letters in Chinese ）汤姆发现用汉语写信不难。 All these noises made it impossible for me to go on with the work.（it 作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to go on with the work ）这些噪音使我无法继续工作。2. it代替动名词短语（这只限于少数句型，在多数情况下用不定式时更多一些）如： The professor considers it no good reading withou37、t understanding.这位教授认为阅读而不理解没有益处。Do you consider it any good trying again你觉得再试会有好处吗 He found it useless（ no use） arguing with him.他发现和他辩论没有用。He thought it absolutely sensele ss attempting the impossible.想做不可能的事情，他认为是完全没道理的。I don ' t think it worthwhile going to such a place.到这样一个地方去我看是不值得的。3. it38、代替宾语从句： 如： We all thought it a pity that the conference should have beencancelled. 会议取消了我们都感到很遗憾。 I took it for granted that they were not coming. 我 想他们准是不会来的了。I ' ll see to it that everything is ready in time.我负责使一切都按时准备好。含it的常用句型英语中有一些固定句型中含有it,应注意这些句型的使用。1. It be + 被强调部分+ that/ who +其他成分强调句型可39、以强调一个句子的主语、宾语、表语及状语等成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，可 以用that或who（whom）连接其他成分；被强调的成分是表示人以外的词，例如表示事物、时间或地点的词，用that连接其他成分。例如我们可以用强调句型强调下列句子的主语（如）、宾语（如）、地点状语（如）及时间状语（如）I met Peter in Japan last year.（1） It wasI_who/that met Peter in Japan last year. It was Peter whom/that I met in Japan last year. It wasin Japan that40、 I met Peter last year.（4） It waslast year that I met Peter in Japan.* not until 一一也可用于强调句型一例 1 Mr Brown didn ' t come back until eleven o ' clock.可变为：It was not until eleven o ' clock that Mr Brown came back.例 2 The rain didn ' t stop until midnight.可变为：It was not until midnight tha41、t the rain stopped.*强调句也可变为特殊疑问句例 1 It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded. 可变为： When was it that the PRC was founded例 2 Your dad worked in this factory two years ago.可变为： Where was it that your dad worked two years ago2 It ' s +地点状语+ that （强调句）It ' s + 地点名词 + where （定语从句 ）如: It is the town42、 where I was born.（the town 为地点名词，定语从句）这是我出生的镇子。It was in the town that I was born.（in the town为地点状语，强调句型 ）我出生在这个镇子。's +时间名词+ when（时间状语从句） It ' s +时间状语+that（强调句）如： It was at 8 o ' clock that he returned.（at 8 o ' clock 是时间状语，强调句 ）他是在八点钟回来的。It was 8 o ' clock when he returned.（8 o43、 ' clock是时间名词，时间状语从句）他回来的时候是八点钟。4. if it is convenient to you如果你方便的话如： If it is convenient to you, you can start tomorrow.如果方便的话，你明天可以动身。5. believe it or not信不信由你如：Believe it or not, I ' ll go abroad next month.不管你信还是不信，我下个月要出国。 Believe门t or not, we were left waiting in the rain for two hour44、s.信不信由你我冒雨等了两个小时。1.1. It / s time_that did / should do（定语从句）如： It is time that I wen t and picked up my daughter from school.我该去学校接我女儿放学了。It ' s high time that we stopped/should stop this practice.我们的确该停止这种做法了。7. It is /has beensincedid（时间状语从句）如： It is just a week since we arrived here.我们来这里已星期了45、。8. It won ' t be before用不了（多长时间）就会It will be before得过（多长时间）才It wasn，t before没过（多长时间）就It was before过了 （多长时间）才It will be a long time before we finish the task.我们还需要很长时间才能完成这项任务。 It wasn ' t long before he learned to use the computer. 不久他就学会使用计算机了。 It was some time before he told me about this46、 affair.过了一段时间之后他告诉了 我这件事。It won ' t be long before we meet again.不久之后我们还会再见面的。 易混用其他句型英语中有一些句型不含 it,但却易被误用了 it ,常见的有以下句型：8. There be difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth.干有困难如： here was no difficulty in finding him.找到他没费什么事。习题演练：is reported that he got seven gold . ThatB. Word C. It D. Newslong t47、o finish the workA. you will takeB. will you takeC. you will take itD. will it take youno need for us to discuss the problem again. It has already been settled.A. It has B. There has C. It isD. There iswas disappointed with the play. I had expected to be much better.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. itdon'48、 t think possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A. it B. thatC. itsD. thismatter if he can ' t finish the job on timeA. thisB. it C. he D. thatyou need my ruler No, thanks. I ' ve got myself.A. it B. eachC. oneD. the oneperson do you meanwho wears a new gold watch.A. 49、The oneB. One C. EachD. Itthree years since I left . has beenB. was C. had been D. will bewon' t be long the island to our motherland.A. when, returnsB. before, will returnC. since, returnsD. before, returnsmany years is it your family moved hereA. afterB. sinceC. beforeD. untilis a pity that yo50、u forgot both her address and her telephone number.A. ItB. ThereC. ThisD. Thatsaw no more than one copy left in the bookshop. Will you go and buy A. itB. someC. anyD. oneyou see to that the luggage is brought backA. meB. yourselfC. itD. themthat she has lost interest in studying English.A. seemed B.51、 appearsC. looksD. remainshappened that I met one of my friends . IB. That C. It D. Howthink right that you didn ' t tell him the bad . itB. its C. you D. that18.to say which one I should choose.A. That ' s hardB. It is hardC. There no use D. It no goodsurprised me most was that she had beco52、me a famous singer.A. ThatB. ItC. WhatD. Thiswill take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd.A. ItB. IC. WeD. Theyfelt to work for human rights and progress.A. it his dutyB. his dutyC. that is a dutyD. that is his dutyin the west makes a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and fr53、iends.A. thatB. itC. thisD. The thingfurther discussion whether we ' ll build a library or not.A. WeB. HeC. ItD. The thingis no good without doing anything.A. This, talkingB. It, to talkC. It, talkingD. That, to talkis no difference between . ThereB. Where C. It D. WhatB. that she C. herB. It is54、 C. ItB. when C. thisD. herselfD. ThisD. sinceit that they sawA. shebeing Sunday, the library was . That was evening we arrived . thatwas in the village now is a small town the earthquake occurred.D. that, whereA. where, which B. which, where C. which, thatchildren are as bright as he is, and also, 55、he works very hard. It s no that he always gets the first place in any examination.A. questionB. doubtC. problemD. wonder答案与提示：it 在此句中是形式主语，真正的主语是that 从句。这个句型的结构是： it be +过去分词+that 从句。it takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。 It 是形式主语，代替不定式短语。此句是将来时态。本题用的是there be 句型。There is no need t。是这个句型的一种表56、达方式，意思是“没有必要"。I had expected的宾语是前面所提到的play。英语中，通常用it和one来替代前面单数名词，可以选 C 或 D， one 所代替的是同类事物中“一个”，而it 所代替的是前面提到过的同一事物，所以答案为D。to master a foreign language without much memory work是动词不定式短语作 think 的宾语。当句子的宾语是动词不定式或 that 从句时，我们通常用 it 作形式宾语，但是如果宾语不与形容词在一起，一般不能用 it 作形式宾语。 本题是一般疑问句。 matter（ 有关系，要紧）经常用于否定句和疑问句，常用句型是：Does it ma}