 上传我的文档
 下载
 收藏
该文档贡献者很忙，什么也没留下。
 下载此文档
正在努力加载中...
五笔编码字典(精品)
下载积分：1500
内容提示：五笔编码字典(精品)
文档格式：DOC|
浏览次数：0|
上传日期： 05:36:51|
文档星级：
该用户还上传了这些文档
五笔编码字典(精品)
官方公共微信法律之星--法律论文--德国业务性促进自杀罪评析
正文关键字:
标题关键字:
法学基础理论
行政诉讼法
刑事诉讼法
知识产权法
民事诉讼法
国际经济法
律师制度与实务
比较法和外国法
劳教劳改监狱所
∷【来源】《比较法研究》&& 第2016-5期&&第 168 页&
以下是您选择论文文件的摘要&&&&&&&&&&
&&用户名：
德国业务性促进自杀罪评析
　　【内容提要】德国立法者于2015年底在......
　　【关键词】自杀
业务性促进自杀 ......
　　[Abstract]The crime of......
　　[Key words]......
　　日，德国联邦议院（Bundest......
　　第217条
业务性促进自杀
　　以促进他人自杀为目的，业务性地向......
　　自身并非业务性地实施行为，且......
　　此次......
二、立法背景
　　（一）自杀及其相关行为的不可罚性
　　1．自杀与自杀未遂
　　与其他许多欧洲国家不同，德国法很早就确......
　　2．教唆、帮助自杀
　　既然自杀行为本身不具有可罚......
　　在绝大部分德国学者看来，教唆、帮......
　　3．不作为犯
　　较有争议的是，自杀参与行为不具可罚性的原则是......
　　4．过失的场合
　　除此之外，德国学界和司法......
　　（二）有组织的自杀帮助及其立法对策
　　如上所述，自杀以及自杀参......
　　1．死亡介助社团
　　以帮助他人自杀为宗旨的死......
　　德国死亡介助协会......
　　协会......
　　截至日，德国死亡介助协会共吸纳......
　　2．立法动议
　　尽管迄今为止并无证据表明DIGNITAS和德国死亡......
　　时隔两年之后，巴登―符腾堡和巴伐利亚等13个......
　　2010年，莱茵兰―法耳次州政府继而提出......
　　2011年，德国联邦政府也提议增设第......
　　尽管各级政府的立法提案最终都未......
三、条文解析
　　根据第217条的表述，业务性促进自杀罪在客观方面要......
　　（一）客观构成要件
　　1．自杀的定义
　　第217条
只将促进他人自杀的行为规......
　　在主观方面，自杀者必须是自主决定地选择死亡，......
　　在客观方面，自杀者必须“自己杀死自己”。换言之，在......
　　由于德国司法判例和学界都对自杀采取了严格......
　　2．促进行为
　　第217条
的罪名虽然被表述为“促进”自杀，但......
　　所谓“提供”或“创设”机会，是指创造使自杀行为......
　　另一方面，行为人只要向他人......
　　3．业务性
　　第217条
只将“业务性”（......
　　虽然“职业性”概念的内涵远......
　　需要注意的是，“业务性”概念虽然......
　　（二）主观构成要件
　　行为人主观上必须对第2......
　　（三）个人刑罚排除事由
　　根据第217条第1款的规定，非业务......
　　根据第217条第2款的表述，只有当行......
四、立法评述
　　虽然修订后的第217条已于2015年......
　　（一）......
　　从......
　　1．自杀的基本权利
　　德国《基本法》第1条第1款......
　　当然，另一方面，不论是德国《基本法》的......
　　首先，德国司法判例和学界普遍承认，患者享有通......
　　其次，既然消极自杀属于合法行为，那么同样基于尊重公......
　　德国......
　　在欧洲人权法院2002年判决的“普雷蒂（Pren......
　　由此可见，欧洲人权法院当......
　　2．对基本权利的限制
　　当然，如同其他的基本权利一样，自杀的基本......
　　（二）......
　　第217条
的刑事立法......
　　1．保护法益的缺失
　　......
　　德国立法者对此也存在着清醒的......
　　首先，立法者虽然在抽象......
　　其次，若认定业务性促进自杀行为存在影响......
　　由此可见，从保护......
　　2．构成要件的疑问
　　首先，如前文所述，为了使第......
　　其次，第217条的立法特别强调行为......
　　最后，第217条的客观......
　　3．第2款规定的缺陷
　　如前文所述，为了在共犯......
　　（三）刑事政策方面
　　第217条
在刑事政策上也难......
　　首先，目前并无任何事实依据证明，死亡介助社团的存......
　　其次，正如立法理由中提到的，国家必须加强对......
　　再次，第217条的立法欠缺民意基础。德国有民意调......
　　最后，立法者本意在于通过第217条强化对......
五、对我国的启示
　　综上所述，2015年底在德国......
　　首先，就自杀行为的定性而言，应当坚持......
　　其次，既然自杀行为本身合法，教唆、帮助......
　　最后，本文虽然主张自杀属于合法行为，但却并不否认......
　　【作者介绍】清华大学法学院讲师，法学博士。
注释与参考文献　　[基金项目]本文系司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项......
　　⑴历史上，德国......
　　⑵Vgl. Rohrbach，Die Bete......
　　⑶Vgl. nur BT―Drucks. 4/6......
　　⑷Vgl. Schmidhiius......
　　⑸Vgl. Bring......
　　⑹Vgl. nur Kühl，St......
　　⑺Vgl. Neumann，in：Nom......
　　⑻Vgl. BGHSt 32......
　　⑼Vgl. F. Neumann，Die ......
　　⑽Vgl. RGSt 70，31......
　　⑾Vgl. Eser/Sternberg―Lieb......
　　⑿Vgl. nur B......
　　⒀Vgl. nur Wessels......
　　⒁Vgl. Frisc......
　　⒂Vgl. BGHSt 32......
　　⒃Vgl. BT―Drucks. 4/650，......
　　⒄Vgl. BGHSt 2，150.
　　⒅Vgl.BGHSt 32，367（3......
　　⒆Vgl. Herzberg，Zu......
　　⒇Vgl. Otto，Grundk......
　　(21)Vgl. Schneider......
　　(22)Vgl. BGH......
　　(23)Vgl. OLG Münc......
　　(24)Vgl. StA München N......
　　(25)Vgl. LG ......
　　(26)Vgl. BGHSt 24，342（......
　　(27)Vgl. BGH NJW......
　　(28)Vgl. nur Bloy，D......
　　(29)Vgl．Schwarzenegger，in......
　　(30)Vgl. Saliger，Selbst......
　　(31)Vgl. Benzin......
　　(32)Vgl. BR―D......
　　(33)Vgl. Beschl......
　　(34)Vgl. BR―Drucks. 4......
　　(35)Vgl．BR―Drucks．436／0......
　　(36)Vgl．BR―Drucks．1......
　　(37)Vgl．BT―Dr......
　　(38)Vgl．BT―Drucks......
　　(39)Vgl．BT―Drucks．......
　　(40)Vgl．BT―Drucks．18／537......
　　(41)Vgl. BGHSt32，38......
　　(42)Vgl. Niestroj，D......
　　(43)Vgl. BGH ......
　　(44)Vgl. Roxin，Die A......
　　(45)Vgl. Jakobs，To......
　　(46)Vgl. OLG Nurnberg NJ......
　　(47)Vgl. BGH NJW ......
　　(48)Vgl. Roxin，Se......
　　(49)Vgl. BGHSt 19，1......
　　(50)Vgl．Neumann（Fn．7），V......
　　(51)Vgl．BT―Drucks．18......
　　(52)Vgl．BT―Drucks．18／5373......
　　(53)Vgl．Altenhain，i......
　　(54)Vgl．BGHNStZ ．
　　(55)Vgl．BT―Drucks．18／53......
　　(56)Vgl．BT―Drucks．18......
　　(57)Vgl. BT―D......
　　(58)Vgl. Müs......
　　(59)Vgl. Hi......
　　(60)Vgl. Fischer，Absurdes......
　　(61)Vgl. VG K......
　　(62)Vgl. BGHSt ......
　　(63)Vgl. BVeffGE ......
　　(64)Vgl. BVeffGE 75，369（3......
　　(65)譬如德国巴符州《警察法》第54条第......
　　(66)Vgl. Kühl，Fünf Kapi......
　　(67)Vgl. Hufen，In ......
　　(68)Vgl. BVerfG NJW 20......
　　(69)Vgl. BV......
　　(70)BGHSt 32，3......
　　(71)Vgl. BGHSt......
　　(72)Vgl. BGHSt40，25......
　　(73)Vgl. Lang，in：Beck'sch......
　　(74)Vgl. Pieroth/Schl......
　　(75)Vgl. Moller，Selbstmor......
　　(76)Vgl. Herdegen......
　　(77)Vgl. Eppin......
　　(78)Vgl. Lindner，Ve......
　　(79)Vgl. EGMR，Urteil v.......
　　(80)Vgl. EGMR，U......
　　(81)Vgl. EGMR，Ur......
　　(82)See ECtHR，Ca......
　　(83)Vgl. BVerfGE 74，358（3......
　　(84)Vgl. BV......
　　(85)Vgl. BVerfG NJW 2008，......
　　(86)Vgl. Saliger，Verb......
　　(87)Vgl. BT―Dr......
　　(88)Vgl. BT―Drucks. 18/......
　　(89)Vgl. Haven，Fü......
　　(90)参见王刚：《德国......
　　(91)Vgl．BT―Drucks．18......
　　(92)Vgl．Dutt......
　　(93)Vgl. Merkel，Ste......
　　(94)Vgl. BT―Dm......
　　(95)Vgl. Oglakciogl......
　　(96)Vgl. Roxin，Totung a......
　　(97)Vgl. Statis......
　　(98)Vgl. Rosenau/So......
　　(99)Vgl. Bundes......
　　(100)Vgl. BT......
　　(101)Vgl. Yamanak......
　　(102)Vgl. Neumann......
　　(103)Moos，i......
　　(104)即便是认为应当禁止有组织的......
　　(105)Vgl. Rei......
　　(106)Vgl. Saliger ......
　　(107)Vgl. Freund/T......
　　(108)参见王
钢：《自杀的......
　　(109)参见钱叶六：《参与自杀的可罚性研究》，......
　　(110)参见周光权：《教唆、帮助自杀......
　　(111)参见高铭暄、......
　　(112)参见冯军：《......
　　(113)参见王
钢：《自杀行为......
　　(114)Derner，Lehrbuch......
　　(115)Vgl．Wagner，Selbstm......
　　(116)参见林来梵：《人的尊严与人格尊严》......
　　(117)例如《......
　　(118)参见黎宏：《......
　　(119)参见王志远：《论我国共犯制度存......
　　(120)关于我国自杀率的变化，参见邓希泉：《......
　　(121)根据世界卫生组织2012......
　　(122)参见宣金学：《特色自杀率的特色下降》......
　　(123)[法]孟德斯鸠：《......
本站所提供论文仅供学习、参考使用，版权归原文作者所有，下载、拷贝、复制文章阅读者请在24小时内将文章删除！
&― 作者简介 ―――――― ■
其它代表作品：
- - - - - -
&― 相关论文 ―――――― ■
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -{"digitized":228,
"current": "list",
"grid": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json&st=grid",
"list": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json",
"gallery": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json&st=gallery",
"slideshow": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json&st=slideshow"
"facet_views":{
"current": "list",
"calendar": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fs=calendar&fo=json",
"list": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json",
"chart": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fs=chart&fo=json"
"topics":[
"War & Military"
"resources_by_item":{},
"research-centers":[
"humanities-and-social-sciences"
"expert_resources":[
"url": "//www.loc.gov/webarchiving/technical.html",
"title": "Technical Information"
"url": "//www.loc.gov/webarchiving/faq.html",
"title": "Web Archiving FAQs"
"results":[],
"search":{
"site": null,
"in": "partof:iraq war 2003 web archive",
"query": "",
"hits": 0,
"url": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json",
"dates": "",
"facet_limits": "subject:peace movements|online-format:pdf|location:sudan|subject:religious aspects",
"sort_by": null,
"field": null,
"recommended": 0,
"type": "search"
"featured_items":[
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/dept-of-homeland-security.jpg",
"title": "Department of Homeland Security"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/white-house.jpg",
"title": "The White House"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/intl-info-programs.jpg",
"title": "Department of State International Information Programs"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/defend-america.jpg",
"title": "Defend America (Department of Defense)"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/nixon-center.jpg",
"title": "Nixon Center"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/cato-center.jpg",
"title": "Cato Center-Iraq"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/carnegie-endowment.jpg",
"title": "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/american-against-world-empire.jpg",
"title": "Americans Against World Empire"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/american-friends-service-committee.jpg",
"title": "American Friends Service Committee"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/sojourners.jpg",
"title": "Sojourners"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/amnesty-international.jpg",
"title": "Amnesty International"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/human-rights-watch.jpg",
"title": "Human Rights Watch"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/vote-no-war-org.jpg",
"title": "Vote No War.org"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/veterans-of-foreign-wars.jpg",
"title": "Veterans of Foreign Wars"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/weekly-reader.jpg",
"title": "Weekly Reader"
"url": "/item/lcwa",
"image": "/collections/static/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/images/arab-news.jpg",
"title": "Arab News"
"total":228,
"dates": [
"title": "About this Collection",
"url": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/about-this-collection/",
"locations": [
"United States",
"children": [
"content": "../rights-and-access/archived-web-site.html",
"url": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/about-this-collection/rights-and-access/",
"description": [
"Many, if not all, of the Web sites in the collection and elements incorporated into the Web sites (e.g., photographs, articles, graphical representations) are protected by copyright. The materials may also be subject to publicity rights, privacy rights, or other legal interests."
"slug": "rights-and-access",
"title": "Rights & Access"
"content": "about-this-collection/overview.html",
"subjects": [
"history",
"Iraq war",
"peace movements",
"Hussein, Saddam",
"al-Qaeda",
"politics",
"government"
"link": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/about-this-collection/",
"active": false,
"slug": "about-this-collection"
"content": "$search|partof:iraq war 2003 web archive",
"active": true,
"link": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/",
"title": "Collection Items",
"url": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/",
"slug": "",
"children": [
"title": "Collection Items",
"url": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/",
"results": [],
"link": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json",
"active": true,
"slug": ""
"partof":[],
"previous":{
"content": "../rights-and-access/archived-web-site.html",
"url": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/about-this-collection/rights-and-access/",
"description": [
"Many, if not all, of the Web sites in the collection and elements incorporated into the Web sites (e.g., photographs, articles, graphical representations) are protected by copyright. The materials may also be subject to publicity rights, privacy rights, or other legal interests."
"slug": "rights-and-access",
"title": "Rights & Access"
"original_formats":[
"archived web site"
"pagination":{
"from": 0,
"results": "0 - 0",
"last": null,
"total": 1,
"previous": null,
"perpage": 25,
"perpage_options": [
"next": null,
"current": 1,
"page_list": [
"url": null,
"number": 1
"first": null
"word_coordinates_pages":{},
"site_type":"collections",
"timestamp":0,
"title":"Iraq War 2003 Web Archive",
"breadcrumbs":[
"Library of Congress": "https://www.loc.gov"
"Digital Collections": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/"
"Iraq War 2003 Web Archive": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/"
"search": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json"
"facets":[
"type": "dates",
"filters": [
"on": null,
"term": "YEAR",
"off": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&fo=json",
"title": "",
"gap": 10,
"not": null
"title": "date"
"next":null,
"content":{
"title": "Collection Items",
"url": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/",
"results": [],
"link": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json",
"active": true,
"slug": ""
"word_coordinates_queries":{},
"subjects":[
"American History and Civilization",
"American History",
"Military History"
"categories":[
"about-this-collection"
"iraq-war-2003-website-archives",
"http://lccn.loc.gov/"
"facet_trail":[
"facet": "Part of",
"superset": "https://www.loc.gov/search/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json",
"title": "iraq war 2003 web archive"
"facet": "Date",
"superset": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&fo=json",
"title": ""
"facet": "Subject",
"superset": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=online-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json",
"title": "peace movements"
"facet": "Online Format",
"superset": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Clocation%3Asudan%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json",
"title": "pdf"
"facet": "location",
"superset": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Csubject%3Areligious+aspects&dates=&fo=json",
"title": "sudan"
"facet": "Subject",
"superset": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/?fa=subject%3Apeace+movements%7Conline-format%3Apdf%7Clocation%3Asudan&dates=&fo=json",
"title": "religious aspects"
"content_is_post":false,
"options":{
"all": null,
"partial": false,
"request_params": {
"fa": "subject:religious aspects|online-format:pdf|subject:peace movements|location:sudan",
"dates": "",
"fo": "json"
"searchIn": "partof:iraq war 2003 web archive",
"site_id": "iraq-war-2003-web-archive",
"operator": null,
"startIndex": 1,
"startPage": null,
"searchWithin": null,
"duration": 0.8584,
"default_count": 25,
"id": null,
"index": null,
"style": null,
"site_type": "collections",
"searchType": null,
"callback": null,
"segments": null,
"facet_count": null,
"field": null,
"newSearch": null,
"sortOrder": null,
"template": "search/base",
"attribute": null,
"facetPrefix": null,
"scheme": "https, https",
"display_level": null,
"start_date": null,
"iiif": false,
"onsite": false,
"release_id": 47615,
"end_date": null,
"outputEncoding": "UTF-8",
"format": "json",
"searchTerms": "",
"facetLimits": "subject:peace movements|online-format:pdf|location:sudan|subject:religious aspects",
"ical": false,
"referer": null,
"path_info": "/collections/iraq-war-2003-web-archive/",
"inputEncoding": "UTF-8",
"application_version": "$Revision: 47615 $",
"latlong": null,
"count": null,
"distance": null,
"dates": "",
"resource": "",
"language": "en",
"facet_style": null,
"suggested": null,
"excludeTerms": null,
"host": "www.loc.gov",
"item": null,
"query_string": "fa=subject:religious aspects|online-format:pdf|subject:peace movements|location:sudan&dates=&fo=json",
"sortBy": null}