GTA5使用内置修改器就打不开，怎么解决，有没有能用的内置修改器，最好是中文的，求大神帮帮忙_百度知道
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GTA5使用内置修改器就打不开，怎么解决，有没有能用的内置修改器，最好是中文的，求大神帮帮忙
我有更好的答案
//h./zhidao/pic/item/d1a20cf431adcbefaf2edda3cc9f5d参考上图的运行库，本人是线上使用的内置外挂./zhidao/wh%3D600%2C800/sign=f152fb9f2/d1a20cf431adcbefaf2edda3cc9f5d.jpg" esrc="http://h.hiphotos.jpg" target="_blank" title="点击查看大图" class="ikqb_img_alink"><img class="ikqb_img" src="http://h.hiphotos，这些是必装的，不知道线下需不需要。<a href="http.baidu
先把这些安装了，再尝试一下你自己下的作弊器吧，不行再问我
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3秒自动关闭窗口谁有《中国二 联合国之章》的修改器，不要秘籍。制作一个好么？求大神指教。。_百度知道
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谁有《中国二 联合国之章》的修改器，不要秘籍。制作一个好么？求大神指教。。
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回答问题，赢新手礼包&#xe6b9;恩节以表示对新政府成立的感谢。后your audience．．Who are they
? What simple vocabulary and expressions 来的总统也因各种原因宣布欢庆感恩do they know about your subject ? Do whenever possible．Stop for a few 节。 they have a common interest? Why are seconds now and then to give your On October 3，1863，it was proclaimed they coming to hear you speak? Put audience a chance to think about what by President Abraham Lincoln as a yourself in their shoes as you prepare you have said．Make sure that everyone national holiday to be observed on the your speech． in the room can hear you．If it is a large last Thursday in November. At that 别泄气演讲并不一定就那么令人不愉room or an auditorium，you will time，the country was in the middle of a 快。下面向你介绍一些解除演讲痛苦probably have to use a microphone． bitter civil war．The states were under no 的几个简单步骤。首先，重要的是要演讲时，要极力放松。讲话要慢、清obligation to accept the proclamation， 拟个计划，作好准备，找到与你演讲楚，眼睛看着你的听众。只要有可能but many of them cooperated．Each 题目有关的一些材料。与此同时，要就要用简单的词汇和表达方式。不时president since Lincoln has proclaimed a 尽可能多地了解你的听众。他们是谁?地停下几秒钟，让你的听众有机会想Thanksgiving Day for the nation as a 他们对你讲的主题有何了解? 他们是想你所讲过的东西。要确保屋子里的whole．In 1939 President 否有共同的兴趣? 他们为什么来听你每一个人都听到你的讲话。如果是个F．D． Roosevelt moved the day to the 的演讲? 在你准备演讲时，要设身处地大屋子，你或许应当用扩音器。 third Thursday in November to stimulate 为他们着想。 Just remember：be prepared．Know your (刺激)business activities by separating it Ask yourself the purpose of your subject, your audience,and the more widely from Christmas．In 1941 he speech． What is the occasion? Why are occasion．Be brief． Say what you have moved it forward again to the fourth you speaking? Are you introducing to say and then stop．Let your Thursday and conceded that there had another speaker? Moderating a personality come through so that you been no rise in holiday buying．
discussion ? Giving a lecture? make person-to-person contact with your 日，亚不拉罕.林肯总Convincing someone ? There are many audience． 统宣布11月的第四个周四全国欢庆感possible speaking roles , and each one 记住：要有准备。要了解你讲演的主恩节。那时，美国正处在残酷的内战has its own special characteristics．Make 题，你的听众和场合。要简短。说你当中，虽然各州在法律上没有义务执sure you know into which category you 必须说的，然后就结束。让你的个性行这一声明，但大多数州都照办了。fit．Don’t spoil your speech by 显示出来，这样你就能和听众交心。 自林肯以后的每位总统都宣布感恩节confusing one speaking role with If you follow these simple steps， you’是全国性的节日。1939年，罗斯福总another． 11 see that you don’t have to be afraid 统把感恩节移到了11月的第三个周你要问问自己，你演讲的目的是什么? of public speaking．In fact， you may 四，以与圣诞节的间隔拉长，促进商是在什么场合?你为什么要演讲? 你是find the experience so enjoyable that you 业活跃。1941年，他又把感恩节移回在介绍另一位演讲的人，调解一次讨ask to make more speeches! You’re not 11月的第四个周四，承认感恩节前移论，还是在讲课，还是在劝说某人? 讲convinced yet? Give it a try and see 没有带来假日购物的增长。 话人的角色可以有许许多多，而且彼what happens． Thanksgiving has hardly changed at all 此各有自己的特点。你一定要搞清楚如果你遵守这些简单的步骤，你就明since 1621 in its intention and manner of 自己属于哪一类。不要把一种讲话的白没有必要害怕在公众面前讲演。实celebration．Thanksgiving is a family 角色和另一种角色弄混而使自己的演际上，你会感到这种经历是饶有兴味holiday，for it is customary(习惯的)for 讲砸锅。 的，你会想要再做更多的演讲。现在all members of the family to gather at Let us suppose that you have been asked 你还不相信?请试一试，看情况会如何。 the home of the father and mother. All to introduce the main speaker at a Text B The Mystery of Speaking over the country，husbands and meeting．First，find out the most Effectively
有效讲话的奥秘 wives,sons and daughters, grandchildren important and interesting things about Why is that some people have a and great―grandchildren travel from the speaker．Then, summarize this seemingly natural ability to get attention city to town ，from town to village，or information in a few words．It is all right and respect when they speak ? What is it from village to farm to spend the day at to tell a joke if it is in good taste and will that makes others listen and pay their old homes. Many speak to their not embarrass the speaker．And，most attention to their words? It isn’t parents or grandchildren by 1ong important,be brief．Remember，you are necessarily a question of status, or the distance telephone． not the main speaker；you are content of what they say．Such people 自1621年，感恩节几乎没有改变它的introducing the main speaker． often don’t speak“Oxford’’English， 初衷和庆祝方式。感恩节是一个家庭让我们假设，你要在会上介绍一位主express themselves using perfect 节日，家庭的所有成员都习惯这天聚讲人。首先就要了解清楚一些有关讲grammatical constructions, or even use 在父母家中。全国上下，夫妻、子女、演者最重要和最有意思的事情。然后，appropriate words．What they do have is 曾孙、玄孙从城市赶到乡镇、从乡镇用几句话把这些加以概括。如果格调resonance．Such people tend to have 赶到村庄、从村庄赶到农场在老家一高雅并且不使讲演者难堪，讲几句笑beautiful，rich voices and to use the 起度过这一天。许多人通过长途电话话也是可以的。最重要的是简短。记lower end of their voice range. Observe 同父母、孙子、孙女通话，祝他们节住，你不是主讲人，而是在介绍主讲and listen to others．People who speak 日快乐。 人 quickly and breathily in a high―pitched The family eats a large traditional dinner If you are a moderator， you should voice do not appear as assertive as those which is practically the same all over the begin by giving a quick introduction of who speak more slowly using deeper country，no matter whether it is in the the people on the panel．After that，you voice tones．The lower pitch conveys South or North．The table is always should try to keep the discussion running control and confidence． loaded with many different kinds of smoothly， and you should try to focus 为何某些人在讲演时似乎能够自然而delicious food Naturally，the main on the connections between the 然地吸引听众的注意力并赢得足够的course is the turkey．Pumpkin pie is speakers．Keep yourself in the 尊重呢? 哪些因素有助于听众倾听并often served in remembrance of the background． Don’t talk too much， and 留意讲演内容呢? 这并非取决于演讲Indians’gift to the first settlers．In most don’t cut in．Be skillful and 者的身份或演讲内容。这些人通常并homes ,there are traditional games after considerate． 未使用“牛津”英语，亦未通过完美dinner．Many people go to football 假如你是一个主持人，你应该先简短的语法结构进行自我表述，措辞决不games. The churches hold Thanksgiving 介绍在座的人员。之后，你应该保持是完美无缺，但他们能够引起听众的services．Thanksgiving is a chance to 讨论的顺利进行，重点放在演讲人之共鸣。这些人往往具有优美流畅、丰renew friendship．Above all，间的内容衔接上面。你要站在暗处，富多彩的语音，并能够有效运用语音Thanksgiving Day is a time for 不要说太多，也不要插话。还要有技幅度中的低音部分。观察和倾听他人remembrance and for giving thanks． 巧，考虑要周到。 的说话，那些语速较快、呼吸急促、不管在南方还是在北方，全家人都要If you are giving a lecture or explaining 音调较高的人似乎不如那些语速较吃一顿传统的各地大致一样的感恩节an idea， gather as many facts as you 慢、音调低沉的人更富有自信力。音晚餐。餐桌上有各种佳肴，当然，主can on your subject．Spend
plenty of 调低沉说明具有一定的控制力和足够菜是火鸡，也经常吃南瓜饼，以纪念time doing your research．Then spend
的自信心。 印地安人最初的帮助。大部分家庭晚plenty of time organizing your material It would be ridiculous to suggest that 饭以后，会有传统的游戏。许多人去so that your speech is clear and easy to from now on you self-consciously lower 看足球比赛，教堂里举行感恩节宗教follow．Use as many examples as the tone of your voice when you speak, 仪式。感恩节是一个加强友情的好机possible，and use pictures, charts or but you can begin to achieve greater 会。总之，感恩节是纪念和感谢的日graphs if they will help you make your resonance by practicing the way you 子。 points more clearly．Never forget your breathe．Try this . Stand in front of a
How to Give a audience．Don’t talk over their heads，mirror breathing naturally．Now draw a Good Speech
怎样做好演讲 and don’t talk down to them．Treat your deep breath. Does your chest expand ? We are all called upon to make a
audience with respect．They will Do your shoulders rise? I think so．You speech at some point in life， but most appreciate your thoughtfulness． are breathing“high”，using your rib of us do not do a very good job．This 假如你在上课或在解释一个概念，你rather than your abdominal muscles. Try article gives some suggestions on how to 要收集有关这一主题的材料，越多越again， this time putting your hands give a good speech． 好。你要花大量时间进行研究。然后across your stomach. When you breathe 生活中我们都会有被邀请就某一问题花大量的时间组织材料，以使你的演in, consciously keep your shoulders 做演讲的时候，但是大多数人都做得讲清楚和易于理解。如果例子和图表lowered and fill your lungs from the 不很好。这篇文章就如何才能做好演有助于你更清楚地阐明你的观点的abdomen―you will feel your stomach 讲提出了一些建议。 话、就尽可能多地采用。永远也不要expanding. If you practice abdominal So，you have to give a speech――and 忘记你的听众，不要讲得太深，也不breathing， you will be utilizing all，not you are afraid． You get nervous，you 要讲得太浅，要尊重你的听众。他们just the top，of your lungs. which in forget what you want to say，you 对你周到细心的准备是会非常欣赏itself must be beneficial．You will also stumble over words，you talk too long，的。 be engaging your diaphragm more， and and you bore your audience．Later you If you are trying to sell something， you this in turn will the lower end of your think. “Thank goodness，it's over．I’will need to convince your audience．Do voice range and add resonance to your m just no good at public speaking．I you want them to vote for Candidate A? voice，conveying more authority.
hope．I never have to do that again．” Are you offering them a new improved 如果我们建议大家从现在开始，在今好吧，你不得不做一次演讲。但你怕，tooth brush ? This kind of speech is 后的生活中讲话时有意识地降低音你紧张，你忘记了想说的话，你结结usually dramatic，but here too， you 调，那样似乎太荒谬了。但您可以开巴巴地讲话，你讲话的时间过长，你must do your research and know your 始通过演练自己的呼吸方式来加强语使听众厌烦。讲完后你会这样想“谢facts． 音的共鸣感不妨尝试一下，站在一面天谢地，总算讲完了。我就是不善于如果你在设法进行销售，你就需要使镜子前自然地进行呼吸。现在，深呼在公众面前讲话。我希望我再也不要你的听众信服。你想要他们投票支持吸一口气，您的胸腔是否有所扩张? 肩干这种事了。” 候选人甲吗? 你是向他们推销一种改膀是否有所提升?我认为一定会的，因Cheer up! It doesn’t have to be that bad! 进型新牙刷吗? 这种讲话通常是很生为您正在运用肋间肌，而非腹肌进行Here are some simple steps to take a 动有趣的，但是在这里也是一样，你深呼吸。请再试一次，这次将双手交pain out of speech-making．First of all，也必须作一些研究，要熟悉你要讲到叉放在胃部。当您吸气时，有意识地it is important to plan．Do your 的一些事实。 降低自己的双肩，并使空气从腹部进homework．Find out everything you can When you are making your speech，try 入肺，这时您一定会感觉到胃部正在about your subject．And，at the same to relax．Speak slowly and clearly and 扩张。如果您练习用腹肌进行呼吸，time，find out as much as you can about look at people in your audience．Use 您将运用整个肺部，而不仅仅是肺的Unit 8Text A顶端，这样一定大有裨益。您还可以前频繁打断自己的思路感到愤慨，当更多地运用膈膜，这样将更加有助于然，这样做对于对方而言显然是不公语音幅度中的低音，并增加语音的响平的，而且完全不符和当时的实情。亮度，进而增强说服力。 这或许也反映出您因缺乏自信而显出Words delivered in a monotone soon 气愤，您早该说：你能否稍后再读给become just that’monotonous! Your 我听?这篇文章比较复杂，我需要全神delivery will need light and shade if you 贯注地阅读。 want to keep the attention of your There are occasions in everyone’s life，listener．Assertive delivery requires social and business，when the skill of smooth-flowing, resonant inflection； using appropriate volume and force the voice will be relaxed with enough needs to be practiced．For volume to be heard distinctly without example ,when you have given an being overpowering.
assertive request in clear，level tones and 采用单调、乏味的语音进行讲话，很that request is ignored， you have two 快就会令人厌倦。如果希望吸引听众choices： give up the fight and put up 的注意力，您的演讲风格中将需要加with the situation as it is， or make your 入一定的抑扬顿挫。自信型的演讲要request again， this time with a little 求流畅自然、声音洪亮且富于变化，more force．If you take the latter course， 语音自然且音量适中,以便听者可以比you could either change the way of your 较轻松地听清您讲话的内容。 request， making it a directive which However，there are some occasions will give the message more“punch\when assertive behavior requires a little ／or increase volume，altering more power than generally intonation to match the emotion behind recommended for everyday the delivery．If you are interested in conversations．If you were to see a small this，you can have a try． child about to put her hand into an 在日常生活、社交及工作中，有时我activated food-processor， it would be 们需要妥善地运用适度的音量和影响inappropriate to say，in a low-pitched， 力的技能。比如当您用一种明确的平relaxed way，“I’d prefer you not to put 声调，满怀信心地提出某种要求时，your hand into that food-processor．” 而他人根本没有理睬您的要求，这时Assertive，yes； practical，no! 您有以下两种选择：放弃争论，听之Obviously， there are occasions― when 任之；再次提出这一要求，这次需要someone’s personal safety is at risk，for 加强一定的分量。若采用后一种选择，instance―when more force of delivery 您或者可以通过改变方式来重新提出is required． 要求，使之更加具有命令性，从而强不过，有时自信型的行为模式需要比调信息的重要性；或提高音量，改变日常对话具有更大的影响力。若看到音调，以便符合演讲背后的情感要求。一名儿童正在将手放入一台正在运转若对此感兴趣，您不妨一试。 的食品加工机中，您就不应采用一种Unit9 Text A
The Web Lifestyle
低沉、自然的口气对她说：“我希望你网络生活方式 不要把手放入食品加工机中。” 这种Today in the United States， there are 方式属于自信型吗?属于!实用吗?不实over 22 million adults using the Web， 用! 显然，当他人面临一定的危险时，about half of whom access the Internet 您的讲话方式应更加坚定有力。 at least once a day．Meanwhile，the The content of the communication variety of activities on the Web is doesn’t
have to become broadening at an amazing rate．There is aggressive.however．In the above almost no topic about which you cannot example，a loud，sharp“NO”to stop the find fairly interesting material on the action immediately and demand Web．Many of these sites are getting attention．followed by a forceful excellent traffic flow．Want to buy a dog? explanation of why that was a dangerous Or sell a share? Or order a car? Use the thing to do，would be an appropriate Internet． response，whereas“Stop !
Don’t do 当今美国有2200万个成年人在使用网that you stupid child!” would be an 络，他们中大约半数人要每天至少上inappropriate (though human and 互联网一次。 同时，网上活动方式正understandable)one．The whole child is 以惊人的速度变得更加多样化。任何labeled as“stupid”rather than the action 一个主题你都能在网上找到与之有关itself being criticized．Appropriate 的非常有趣的材料。许多网站正变成volume and intonation without 极好的商业交易渠道。想买狗吗?或者aggressive tones will give the other 卖股份?或者定购一辆汽车?那就用网person the message that you mean 络吧。 business Where are we going to get the time to 不过，讲话内容本身未必要带有一定live with the Web
? In some instances，的攻击性。在上述例子中，合理的做people will actually save time because 法应该是通过大声、尖利地说“不”，the Web will make doing things more 来及时劝阻这个儿童的危险行为并引efficient than in the past，being able to 起他的注意。随后有力地说明那样做get information about a major purchase， 为何十分危险。然而，“停下，你这傻for example，or finding out how much 孩子，不要这样做!”却是一种不当的your used car is worth， or what your 方式(尽管较人道并且可以理解)。因为cheapest way of getting to Florida 这样做是在批评这个儿童是“傻孩is．That is easy to find on the Web，even 子”，而不是批评行动本身。是认真的，today．In other instances， people will 谈正事的 . 适当的、不带攻击性和诋trade the time they now spend reading 毁性的语音语调将能够促使对方意识the paper，or watching television，for 到你这样做是“对事不对人!” information or entertainment they will Another common failing is that when we find on the computer are tense，overworked or just irritable，screen．Americans，particularly young we often respond with a force totally ones，will spend less time in front of a inappropriate to the situation． television，more on the Web． 另一个常见的误区是我们处于紧张状我们哪有时间消磨在网络上?一些实例态、劳累过度或明显急躁时，往往会表明应用网络能更节约时间，因为网采用一种根本不适合当时具体情况络能使我们更有效率地处理一些事的、比较烦躁的答复方式。 情，能搜索到某一重要购买品的信息，To give an example：you are reading an 例如帮你判定你那辆旧车的价钱，或interesting article in the Sunday papers. 者去佛罗里达州的最便宜的方法。即Your partner is reading the supplement 使是现在，这些都很容易在网上找到and constantly interrupts， reading aloud 答案。其他情况，人们会把现在花费witty bits and snippets．It’s breaking 在读报、看电视等获得信息或消遣的your concentration and making you 时间转用到电脑屏幕前来。美国人特disturbed． 别是年轻人花费在网络上的时间将比You say nothing， but when she then 花费在电视上的时间多。 asks something which requires a One great benefit of the Web is that it response，like“Do you want a coffee?” allows us to move information online you respond“No，I don’t；we only had that now resides in paper form．Several one half an hour ago．Why are you so states in America are using the Web in a talkative
! ” profound way．You can apply for various 比如您正阅读《星期日时报》刊登的permits or submit applications for 一篇有趣的文章中，你的配偶正在阅business licenses．Some states are 读副刊并频繁地打搅您，大声地阅读putting up listings of jobs――not just 着幽默短讯和新闻片段，不断干扰您state government jobs，but all the jobs 的注意力并让您心烦意乱。您没说什available in the state．I believe，over 么，但是当她向您提起了某个问题并time， that all the information that 要求您回答时，如“你想喝杯咖啡吗?” governments print，and all those paper 您回答到：“不，不想喝!我们半小时之forms they now have，will be moved on 前刚喝过。你可真算得上是喋喋不休!” to the Internet． The intensity of the response reflects 网络的一大好处在于我们可以在线移your annoyance at the previous
动这些现在存在于纸上的资料。美国interruptions and is certainly unfair，and 有几个州的网络运用的范围很广。你totally inappropriate to the situation. (It 可以在网上申请各种形式的许可证或might also reflect irritation at your own 提交营业执照申请书。一些州在网上lack of assertion when earlier you should 张贴工作职位列表――不仅仅有本州have said something like， “Can you 政府提供的工作，而且有本州所有可read that to me 1ater ?This article is a bit 供选择的工作。我相信随着时间的变complex and I need to concentrate．”) 化，现在政府印刷出版的资料，以及这种严厉的答复方式表明您对配偶先所有以纸张形式存在的资料都将会被 6 转移到互联网上。 Electronic commerce notches up month by month，too．It is difficult to measure， because a lot of electronic commerce involves existing buyers and sellers who are simply moving paper-based transactions to the Web．That is not new business．Microsoft，for example，purchases millions of dollars of personal computers(PC)online instead of by paper．However， that is not a fundamental change； it has just improved the efficiency of an existing process．The biggest impact has occurred where electronic commerce matches buyers and sellers who would not previously have found each other．When you go to a book site and find an obscure book that you never would have found in a physical bookstore，that is a new type of commerce． 电子商务每月也在扩展。很难数清有多少，因为许多电子商务涉及到现存的买卖双方仅仅是(单纯地)把纸上交易转为网上。这不是新的商业形式。例如微软公司就是通过网络而不是纸上形式收购了数百万美元的液晶显示器。但是这不是根本性的变化，因为它仅仅提高了现存交易过程的效率，而电子商务最大的影响在于它使先前素不相识的买卖双方联系在一起。你进入某个网上书店并发现一本你在普通书店不容易找到的书，这是一种新型的商业。 Today, about half of all PCs are still not connected to the Web．Getting communications cost down and making all the software simple will bring in those people．And that，in turn，will move us closer to the critical mass that will make the Web lifestyle everyone’s lifestyle．One element people underestimate is the degree to which the hardware and software will improve．Just take one aspect：screen technology．I do my e-mail on a 20-inch liquid crystal display(LCD)monitor．It is not available at a reasonable price yet， but in two years it will be．In ten years，a 40-inch LCD with much higher resolution will be commonplace． 目前大约有半数的私人电脑还没有上网。降低信息费并简化软件将吸引这部分人。这样就能逐级接近使网络生活方式成为每个人的一种生活方式这一重要阶段。人们往往低估硬件和软件发展程度这一因素。仅仅举一个例子：显示器技术。我在20英寸的液晶显示器上发电子邮件，现在该显示器价格仍然不菲，但是不出两年就会便宜下来。不出10年，可能40英寸的高清晰度的液晶显示器就会很平常了。 The boundary between a television set an a PC will be blurred because even the set-top box that you connect up to your cable or satellite will have a processor more powerful than what we have today in the most expensive PC．This will，in effect，make your television a computer． 电视与电脑之间的界限将会变得模糊起来，因为连接有线或卫星的顶置式电视机将来会安装上一个处理器，它的功能会比我们现在最昂贵的电脑还要强大。这实际上将使我们的电视成为电脑。 Interaction with the Web will also improve， making it much easier for people to be involved．Today the keywords we use to search the Web often return to too many articles to sort through， many of them out of context．If you want to learn about the fastest computer chip available， you might end up getting responses instead about potato chips being delivered in fast trucks．In the future，we shall be either speaking or typing sentences into the computers. If you ask about the speed of chips， the result will be about computers． not potatoes．Speech recognition also means that you will be able to call in on a phone and ask if you have any new messages，or check on a flight，or check on the weather． 网络与人之间的相互作用会日益加强，会更便于人们操作。现在我们在网上搜索关键词常常会得到太多的文章以至于我们无法从中归类选择，其中许多是脱离背景毫不相干的。比如你想了解目前运转速度最快的电脑芯片(computer chip)速度是多少，你得到的答案可能是关于快运货车运送薯片(potato chips)的速度。但是将来我们可以通过语音或手动输入句子到电脑。如果你再问“speed of chips”，答案会是关于电脑的而不再是关于马铃薯片的。语音识别系统意味着你可以通过电话输入询问最新消息或检查航班或天气。 To predict that it will take over ten years for these changes to happen is probably pessimistic．We usually overestimate what we do in two years and underestimate what we can do in fields at harvest time．When craftsmen ten．The Web will be as much a way of exchanged cloth or pots for the grain，life as the car by 2008．Perhaps before．
stones were taken away from the 估计实现这些变化需要10年时间的话pile．The farmer then had a continuous 可能太悲观了。我们通常过高地估计record of the grain stored． 了我们两年内要实现的目标，但对于另外一种不同的方法是，农夫可能在10年目标又往往估计得过低。到2008谷仓前堆放一堆石块，以代 表其贮藏年甚至更早一些，网络可能就像汽车谷物的数量。收获季节从田野里新收一样成为我们的一种生活方式。 获了小麦，就在石堆上加几块石头。Text B What Are Computers
计算当手艺．匠用布匹和陶罐来交换谷物机是什么 时，农夫就从石堆上取掉几块石头。 Since their first appearance on earth，这样农夫对自己贮藏的谷物就有一个men have gathered information and have 持续不断的记录。 attempted to pass useful ideas to As times changed and the number of others．The carvings of word-pictures on people increased， potters and weavers the walls of ancient caves as well as moved into cities and lived away from symbols on stone tablets represent some farmers in villages．The exchange of of man’s earliest efforts to convey goods had to be done through a third information．Scenes of hunting，maps of person，the merchant．Coins came into battles，and stories of heroes were put use， and records of exchanges were down for all to see．
needed．Sailors boldly moving into 自从人在地球上出现以来，就着手收unknown waters needed aids for 集信息并设法将有用的想法传达给其efficient navigation．Notched sticks or 他人。石碑上及古代岩洞壁上刻的图piles of stones would never do． 形文字和符号，都体现出人类早期传随着时代的变化和人数的增加，制罐递信息所做的努力。这些狩猎场面、匠和织布匠便从乡村移居城市，货物战斗地图和英雄故事被“记录”下来，交换不得不通过第三者――商人――供大家观看。 进行。
But as civilizations grew more complex， 货币开始使用，货物交换需要记账，better methods of communication were 贸然闯人陌生水域的水手需要有效的needed．The written word，the carrier 航海辅助工具，带刻痕的牧杖和石堆pigeon，the telegraph，and many other 不足以满足这些要求。 devices carried ideas faster and faster New ways of helping with counting and from person to person．In recent years recording information evolved．Some one type of machine，the electronic marks were taken to represent certain computer， has become increasingly quantities, and other marks were taken important in the lives of all people in the to represent relationships between industrialized nations of the quantities．New devices to aid in the world．Computers are now widely used manipulation of numbers were added to aids for communication，calculation，and make jobs faster and more other activities．Their effect becomes accurate．Electronic computers are more important every day． among the fastest and most versatile 但是，社会文明日趋复杂，人们需要instruments now in use for sorting and 有更好的通讯方法。文字、信鸽、电comparing．Computers provide the 报和其他许多手段使人们之间传递消means for greater speed and accuracy in 息越来越快。近年来，一种被称为“电working with ideas than was previously 子计算机”的机器，在世界各工业国possible．With the development of these 家人们的生活中已变得愈来愈重要。new tools，it is as if man has suddenly 计算机已经成为通讯、计算及其他活become a millionaire of the mind． 动中广泛使用的辅助工具，其作用日用以计算和记录信息的新方式发展起益重要。 来了。一些符号用来代表一定的数量，Man has always been interested in 其他一些符号则用来代表各数量间的extending the range of his senses and the 关系。有助于数字操作的新装置应运power of his mind．Through the years，而生，因此数据处理工作可以做做得he has invented many instruments to 更迅速、更精确。电子计算机就是目help him see better and understand 前使用的一种最迅速、最通用的遴选more．He invented the telescope．for 比较仪器。计算机的速度之快，精确example，to be able to look at faraway 度之高是以前的信息处理仪器比不上objects．To see the very small things in 的。由于这些新工具的研制成功，人the world．he developed the 类似乎突然成了智能百万富翁。 microscope．Radios，telephones ,and Although man has been growing telegraphs are means by which man has mentally richer ever since he started to extended the range of his senses of think，the electronic computer allows hearing and speech． and will continue to a11ow him to 人类一向希望扩大自己的感官和智力perform tremendous“mental”tasks in a 的范围。多年来，人类发明了许多仪relatively short time．Great scientists of 器以便能够看得更清，懂得更多。例the past produced ideas which were the 如，为了能够观察远处的事物，人类basis for great advances，but their ideas 发明了望远镜；为了观察世界上非常sometimes had to wait for years before 细小的东西，研制了显微镜。无线电、they were understood sufficiently well to 电话及电报都是人类赖以扩大自己的be of practical use．With the 听觉和说话功能范围的手段。 computer． the ideas of today’s While developing his power of thought，scientists can be studied，tested，man first began to identify and count distributed，and used more rapidly than objects．He began to ask the questionsever before． “What is it?”and“How many?‘It was 自从开始思维，人类大脑日益发达，a long time ago that this numbering and 但无论现在还是将来，电子计算机使comparing of things began．Early man 人类在较短时间内完成各项庞杂的used his fingers and his toes as the first “脑力”工作。科学先哲们提出的各counting aid．Perhaps each of his fingers 种见解固然是重大进展的基础，但他and toes represented one of the animals 们的见解有时候要等待数年方能被人he owned， the measures of grain he had 充分理解，显现出其实用价值。有了stored， and the piles of firewood he 电子计算机，当代科学家们的设想可needed each day．Whatever it was that 以比先前更迅速地为人研究、验证、early man counted． he soon needed 传播和运用。（ 运动已经开始改变我something more than his fingers and toes 们的生活了。） to keep adequate records．We know，for Unit10 Text A
Working example，that in early times shepherds Women --― East and West
东西方的cut notches in their staffs as they led 职业妇女 their flocks to pasture．Each notch Work，for most American and Chinese probably represented one sheep．Regular women aged 55 and under， involves checks showed when a ewe was left responsibility( n.责任，责任心；职责) behind or when a new lamb was born． for a household，a child or children，and 在发展思维能力的同时，人类首先开a job outside the home as well（也）．It 始学习识别和点数物件，并且开始问：all adds up to a busy life．How is it “这是什么?”“有多少?”等。这种将going for them ―
for us? 物体进行编号和比较的方法在很久之对于大多数55岁或55岁以下的美国前就开始了。早期的人类最初利用手妇女和中国妇女来说，工作包括家务、指和脚趾作为点数辅助工具。也许他照顾一个或几个孩子以及一份家庭以的每个手指和脚趾代表他拥有的一头外的工作，所有这些加起来就是忙碌牲畜，是其谷物储藏量的计量单位，的生活。她们现在的情况怎么样?我们表示他每天所需的木柴堆数。不管早中国的情况又怎么样呢? 期人类所点数的是什么，很快他们就Experts have observed [ vt.&vi.观察] 需要比手指和脚趾更有效的工具，以that life forms a different sort of 便记录做得更详尽。例如，我们知道pyramid for women in China than in the 古时候牧羊人把羊群赶往牧场的时United States．In China，nearly all young 候，会在牧杖上刻V形凹痕，每个刻mothers are employed(被雇佣) outside 痕就可能代表一只羊。定期检查，他the home， with their numbers 们就可以了解一只母羊什么时候掉队decreasing as they approach middle 的，一只羊羔是什么时候出生的。 age．The reasons are clear： the second Using a different method，a farmer income of the woman is an absolute(绝might have had a pile of stones in front 对的) necessity(必要性) for a young of his granary representing the amount family with a child or two．Later on，of grain stored．More stones were added when the children grow up， the older as more wheat was brought from the couple [ n.夫妇；(一)对；几个] can more easily live on the husband’s earnings like a large family， where the youngest plus the wife’s pension [n. 养老金 ]， workers feel at ease[i:z] with the“mom”and fewer middle-aged women continue and“dad”of the group．American women in employment． act either as if they doubt hat they really 专家学者已经注意到，对中美两国妇belong at work among the men，，or they 女来说，生活形成的“金字塔”形状are constantly looking for evidence of 各不相同。在中国，几乎所有年轻的discrimination against them．
母亲都有职业，但随着年龄步人中年，在工作单位，尽管中国妇女有传统的人数越来越少。原因很清楚：对于有温文尔雅的举止，她们在工作中表现一两个孩子的夫妇来说，妻子的这第出的自信心似乎比美国妇女更强。美二笔收入绝对是必要的。以后，孩子国妇女似乎不愿向上司大胆表述自己长大了，老两口靠丈夫的收入加上妻的意见。中国的年轻妇女在工作中似子的养老金，生活就不太困难了。中乎更大胆、更自然。工作单位更像一年妇女继续工作者为数不多。 个大家庭，最年轻的工作人员和这个The pyramid for American women is the 大家庭的“妈妈”、“爸爸”在一起工opposite ． with fewer young women 作毫不感到拘束。美国妇女表现的要employed , and the number increasing at 么好像怀疑自己竟然能同男子一样地older ages．Man y young mothers have 工作要么好像不停地寻找歧视妇女的found it more efficient to stay home，证据。 care for children themselves， and then At home，while Chinese men seem to be find employment later when the children performing more household duties such are older and more independent. But as cleaning，cooking，shopping and rising costs of living are requiring more caring for children than they used to，and young American women to help support American men are also becoming much their families， and it is increasingly true more willing to“help”，it seems only that young American women want to realistic to say that people the world have jobs． over still regard these as basically 美国妇女的“金字塔”形状恰好相反：women’s tasks and therefore
women’年轻妇女工作的人数较少，而岁数较s responsibility，no matter who may do 大时，人数却增加了。许多年轻的母them on any given day．They are a 亲觉得呆在家里自己照顾孩子效果更heavy burden on both Chinese and 好，等孩子长大些后，能比较独立地American women，but Chinese women 生活了，再去找工作。但是，生活费seem to shoulder them more firmly and 用的增加需要更多的美国年轻妇女帮more cheerfully． 助养家，而且美国年轻妇女想出去工在家里，中国男子在诸如打扫卫生、作也日益成为事实。 洗衣、煮菜烧饭、买东西、照顾孩子But the American working mother often 等家务活方面似乎比过去做得多了，feels troubled by the complexity of her 而美国男子也比过去变得更加乐意去life．Childcare is unreliable and “帮助”做这些家务，好像惟一现实expensive.
的说法是：全世界的人仍然把这些工Childcare workers have low status and 作看做本来就是妇女的事，是妇女的are not well educated and are poorly 责任，而不管是谁哪一天干了这些活。paid―they are often women who are 这对中美妇女都是一个沉重的负担, unable to get better jobs．Thus the 但是，中国妇女似乎更坚决、更乐意American working mother always has 地挑起这副担子。 the worry that her child is not being as American women do have varied and well cared for as she hopes， and the complex concerns：in addition to work at Cost of babysitters or private enterprise
home and on the job，a woman feels that daycare centers can cost half or more of she must make an attractive home that her salary．Other worries distract[分心]
reflects her family’s status，she must her from good performance{工作n.} at present an attractive appearance at her job： What if the babysitter gets sick? work，and above all，she must be a good What will her employer think if she has companion to her husband． to stay at home with a sick child? What 美国妇女确实有各种各样的复杂事情if the car ,necessary to get the child to 需要关心：除了家务和工作之外，她the daycare center and herself to and 还觉得必须整理收拾出一个能反映家from her job，breaks down? Few people 庭社会地位的、吸引人的家；工作时live close enough to their work or the 必须有讨人喜欢的外表；更重要的是childcare center to accomplish this on 必须做丈夫的好伴侣。 foot or by bicycle，as in China． Chinese women are freer of the 但是，有工作的美国母亲往往对生活competition for status， especially as 的复杂性感到苦恼。让人看小孩既不represented by their homes and both 可靠费用又高。保育员社会地位低下，men and women have a great deal of 没受过良好的教育，收入很低――这companionship in their work 些人往往是找不到更好工作的妇女。unit．Chinese women also look attractive 因此，美国有工作的母亲总是担心孩at work， but they achieve it more 子不能像她希望的那样受到很好的照casually and simply， and do not seem 顾，而且保姆费或私营幼儿园的收费to feel that their career progress depends 要花掉她工资的一半或者更多。还有on the way they look． 其他的烦事让她不能好好地工作：保中国妇女没有那么多社会地位上的竞姆病了怎么办? 要是必须留在家里照争，特别是没有家庭代表的社会地位顾生病的小孩，老板会怎么想呢?要是的竞争，而且，不论男女，在各自的送孩子上幼儿园和自己上下班的汽车工作单位上都有许多朋友交往。中国坏了怎么办? 很少有人能像在中国那妇女在工作时也很漂亮，但只是比较样，住的离单位和幼儿园都很近，只随意、简单地梳妆打扮一下，好像没要步行或骑车就行了。 有感到她们的事业取决于她们的外In China，grandmothers play an 表。 invaluable role in taking care of children Which system is better for the woman? and households while the young parents What we expect in life and what we are are at work．It seems like an ideal used to would strongly influence our arrangement -- the grannies become evaluation．Looking at women in both important members of the family， and China and the United States， one they are housed and fed[吃] in return―cannot help but be impressed[印象] with although in crowded homes that most their-our-strength，competence and American would not enjoy．In America，general good cheer．Our nations could an older woman who had to fill this role not run without us． would be likely to feel she was being 哪一种制度对职业妇女更好呢? 生活made a kind of servant．She may feel 中我们所期望的和我们已经习惯的一lonely sometimes， but generally is 切都会对我们的评价有很大的影响。 proud[骄傲] of being self―看看中美两国妇女，人们不能不对她sufficient．Both she and her family tend 们的――我们的――力量、能力和总to feel she deserves[值得] to be free of 的乐观精神有深刻的印象。我们两个childcare now，having reared the large 国家，离了妇女谁也运转不了。 family of the 1950s baby boom． Txit B Women’s Liberation
妇女在中国，年轻的父母工作，祖母在照解放运动 看孩子和料理家务上起了不可估量的Have you heard of the women’s 作用。这好像是一种理想的安排：奶liberation movement? It began in the 奶成了家庭中的重要成员，供吃管住1960s and was started by women who 是对她们的报答――虽然住的地方很were concerned about their identity， 拥挤，大部分美国人不喜欢这样。在their role in society，their work，and the 美国，必须这样做的老年妇女可能有view of women that many people 被当作佣人使用的感觉。但尽管有时held．Now many American women are 候觉得孤独，总的来说，美国老年妇deeply concerned about these 女以自立而感到骄傲。经历了50年代things．These women would like better 的生育高峰，把很多子女都抚养大了，and more interesting lives for all women 她和家人都感到她现在不应再看小孩everywhere． 了。 听说过妇女解放运动吗? 它开始于20On the job，Chinese women seem more 世纪60年代，最初由一些妇女发起。confident，despite their traditional pretty 她们关心女性对自身的认识、女性的manners，than do American women in 社会角色、女性的工作及人们对女性their work p1ace．American women 的态度。现在，许多美国妇女都很关seem
less inclined to speak up easily to 心这些问题她们希望普天下所有的妇the boss．Young Chinese women at work 女都能过上更好、更有趣的生活。 seem more bold and less There are many aspects of the women’s self-conscious．The work unit is more liberation movement．Some women
7 agree with all of the goals of women’s liberation．They want full equality with men in every aspect of life．In marriage，they want husbands and wives to share all of the work and responsibilities of a home and family．In work，they want women and men to have the same jobs and the same chance to succeed． They want women to be paid just as much as men for the same work．Other women agree with only some of the ideas of women’s liberation．They want the same pay if they hold the same job as a man．At home，however，they do not expect their husbands to share in the cleaning，cooking，and other household jobs． 妇女解放运动有许多方面。有些妇女赞同妇女解放运动提出的所有目标，想同男子在生活的各个方面都平等。 家庭中，她们希望夫妻二人共同操持家务，共同承担对家庭的责任；工作中，她们希望男女同工同酬，有同样获得成功的机会。有些妇女仅赞同妇女解放运动提出目标的一部分，她们希望如果男女从事同样的工作，妇女能得到同男子一样的报酬，但在家中，她们不指望丈夫帮忙做饭、打扫卫生和做其他的家务。 It is necessary to remember that the women’s liberation movement is not concerned only with concrete issues．The movement is also concerned with attitudes and beliefs．One typical example of this concern is the issue of a woman’s identity．A woman’s identity is what she thinks of herself as a person，who she thinks she is，and what she thinks she can do. Some women do not think they are capable of doing anything important．The women’s liberation movement would like to help these women improve their views of themselves．Many women who are concerned with women’s liberation have taken jobs， have helped others, have raised healthy children， and have done many other things to contribute to their communities．They have shown that they are capable of being good leaders and of doing many important things． 应该记住，妇女解放运动不仅仅涉及具体问题，还涉及女性自身的态度和观念。一个典型的例子就是女性的自身认识问题。女性自身认识指妇女作为个人，怎样看待自己，认为自己是谁，自己能干什么。有些妇女认为自己什么重要的事情也干不了。妇女解放运动旨在帮助她们改变对自身的看法。许多关心妇女解放运动的女性有自己的工作，帮助过别人，抚养了健康的孩子，为自己所在的社区做了许多事情。她们已经证明妇女能够做许多重要的事情。 A second issue of the women’s liberation movement is the question of women’s roles．Should a woman work outside the home? Should she work if she is married and has children? Or should she stay home to take care of her husband and children? What will the rest of society think of her if she enters a profession or has a career[事业]? What will other people think if she wants to stay home and raise a family? These questions do not have just one correct answer．Every woman must decide her own role．The women’s liberation movement is trying to make it possible for a woman to decide what she wants to do．The movement also wants to make it possible for her to do the best and the most she possibly can． 妇女解放运动的另一个问题就是妇女角色的问题。妇女应该在外面工作吗?婚有了孩子后是应该工作，还是应该在家相夫教子? 她如果踏人职业圈，社会上其他人会怎样看呢? 如果她想在家料理家务、相夫教子，其他人又会怎样看呢? 这些问题没有惟一正确的答案，每个妇女应该自己决定自己的角色。妇女解放运动就是要努力实现妇女自己能决定要做的事情，还要帮助妇女实现自己做得最好、最多。 If a woman decides to take a job outside the home， there are many important questions which are raised．Can she get any job she is capable of and qualified for? Or are some jobs closed to her because she is a woman? If she gets a job and some of her fellow workers are men doing the same work， will she be paid as much as they are? These issues are considered important in the United States．The government has passed some laws to try to help women get any job for which they are qualified， and to help them get the same pay as a man for doing the same work．The government has also passed a law to encourage businesses that get money from the government to be fair to women and minority groups．This is called the Affirmative Action Law．It says that if a company is not fair to women and other minority groups， the government will not do business with that company．This encourages businesses to provide equal opportunities for women． 如果一个妇女自己想在外面工作，这就出现了许多问题。她是否能够得到她有能力且有资格去做的工作?否因为她是女性，许多工作她就得不到?如果她得到一份工作，同事中有男性和她做同样的工作，她能得到和他们一样多的报酬吗?在美国，人们认为这些问题非常重要。政府已经通过不少法令帮助妇女获得她们有资格去做的工作，帮助她们实现同工同酬。政府还通过了一条法令，鼓励那些从政府处得到财政资助的商行平等地对待妇女和少数民族，这条法令被称为“机会均等计划法案”。它规定，如果哪家公司对待妇女或少数民族有失公平，政府将停止对该公司的财政资助，这样就鼓励了各商行为妇女提供平等的就业机会。 Many people agree with the ideas and goals of women’s liberation．They feel that women ought to be considered equal to men in every way．They feel that a woman should be able to decide to stay home and raise a family， or to stay home and not raise a family， or to go out and work， or to have a job outside the home and the family as well．They feel a woman should be able to do anything that she wants to do and can do．Other people are opposed to women’s liberation．They do not think that woman should have the same jobs and the same pay as men．They believe that men should do all of the important work．They feel that women should stay at home，taking care of men and children．Many husbands do not want their wives to work outside the home．Some women agree with these men．People who support women’s liberation do not feel that it is bad for a woman to remain at home if she wants to．They believe that work in the home is important and should be respected．But they want to make sure that a woman works at home because she wants to, and not because she can’t get a job outside the home， or because she does not believe that she can do anything useful in her community． 许多人都赞同妇女解放运动的观点和目标。 他们认为妇女在各方面都应得到同男子一样的待遇，妇女应该自己决定是在家相夫教子、操持家务；还是呆在家里，同丈夫做“丁克”一族；还是出去工作；还是工作孩子两不耽误。他们认为妇女应该去做她们自己想做、自己能做的事情。也有些人反对妇女解放运动，在他们看来，男女不应同工同酬，男子应做所有重要的事情，妇女就该呆在家中照顾丈夫、孩子，他们不愿妻子出去工作。有些妇女也赞同这些男子的观点。如果一个妇女愿意呆在家中，支持妇女解放运动的人并不感到这是坏事。在他们看来，在家操持家务和在外工作一样重要，也应受到尊重。但这样的前提是妇女自愿在家，而不是因为在外面找不到工作，或者她认为自己不能在社区做任何有用的事情。 The women’s liberation movement is trying to give women a chance to show what they can do．Perhaps a woman will find the cure for our most serious disease．Perhaps a woman will solve the energy crisis．Perhaps women and men, working together，will be able to accomplish important things better and sooner than men would if men were working alone．If the women’s liberation movement is successful, we will have a chance to find out． 妇女解放运动努力给妇女一个展示自身能力的机会。许哪位妇女能够找到治疗人类最严重疾病的方法，或许哪位妇女能够解决能力危机或许男女共同工作比男子单独工作能更好、更快地完成重要的事情。如果妇女解放运动能够成功，我们就有机会找出这些假设的结果。 Each man and each woman must decide whether he or she agrees with the ideas of the women’s liberation movement completely， partly， or not at a11．Whether you agree or disagree with women’s liberation, you know that it has begun to change our lives． 每个男子和每个女子都必须决定自己是否完全赞同妇女解放运动的观点，部分赞同妇女解放运动的观点，还是根本就不赞同妇女解放运动的观点。不管赞同与否，妇女解放运动已经开始改变我们的生活了。 Unit11 Text A
My Father's Shadow
父亲的影子 My husband，Gary，and I were flying to Hawaii from New York City to show our five-month-old son，Timmy，to our parents for the first time．But what should have been a mission of joy filled me with apprehension．For five years I'd hardly spoken to my father．Loving but stern in the manner typical of Chinese fathers，he had made particular demands on me， and though we were very much alike，we'd grown very far apart． 我和丈夫加里正由纽约飞往夏威夷，去让我父母见见我们刚出生五个月的儿子--蒂米。这本该是件快乐的事情，却令我十分忧惧。五年了，我几乎没和父亲说过话。父亲具有典型的中国父亲的风格：慈爱而严厉，对我寄予厚望。尽管我们的性格极为相似，但父女关系却已变得很疏远。 When I became a teenager，my father held up my mother as a model of feminine behavior．But she was social，while I preferred books to parities．He pressed me to mingle with his friends' children．I insisted on choosing my own companions．He assured I'd follow in my mother's footsteps and enroll in the local university to study teaching， and that I'd marry into one of the other long-established Chinese clans on the islands and settle down，as he and my mother had． 早在我的少女时代，父亲就让我把母亲作为女性的榜样。母亲擅长社交，可我喜欢读书不愿扎堆。父亲强迫我与他朋友的孩子做朋友，我却坚持自己选择伙伴。父亲坚持认为我应该重复母亲的路，读当地大学，学师范专业，嫁一位久居当地的华裔望族，像他和母亲一样，定居在夏威夷。 But I didn't settle．As bullheaded as my father，I escaped to the University of California， where I fell in love with a haole， as we called Caucasians from the mainland．Gary had blue haole eyes and sandy haole hair．I announced that we were getting married--in Berkeley，not Hawaii．No large，clamorous clan wedding for me．My parents came and met Gary just two days before our small，simple wedding．Afterward we moved to New York， as far from the islands as we could get without leaving American soil． 但我没有那样做。同父亲一样倔强，我\逃\到加利福尼亚大学读书，并爱上了一位外族人加里，就是我们通常所说的来自美国大陆的白种人。他有着白种人的典型特征--蓝眼睛、沙色头发。我宣布我们要在伯克利结婚，而不是夏威夷，也没有盛大、热闹的家庭式婚礼。就在距我们不具规模、形式简单的婚礼只有两天的时候，我父母才来跟加里见了第一次面。婚后，我们搬到了纽约，尽可能远地离开了夏威夷，但又不用离开美国本土。 My father's subsequent silence showed his disapproval．He didn't visit；neither did I．When my mother telephoned，he never asked to speak to me，and I never asked for him．We might have gone on like that. the habit of separation hardening into a permanent estrangement．Then Timmy was born，and I felt an unexpected tidal pull back to the is1ands． 父亲随后的沉默反映出对我的不满。他没来看过我们，我也没回去过。母亲来电话时，他从不要求跟我讲话，我也从不要求跟他讲话。我们可能会就这样僵持下去，分离的习惯渐渐硬化为永久的疏远。后来蒂米出生了，我莫名其妙地产生了想回家看看的强烈愿望。 On the long flight to Hawaii， memories of my childhood. when I was my father's small shadow．came flooding back．I was three years old，running behind him as he walked between the banana trees in the plantation town where he taught high schoo1．When grew tired，he carried me on his shoulders．From there I could see forever．\are my sunshine my only sunshine。\would sing．\me happy when skies are gray．\，taking his devotion as my due． 在回夏威夷的漫长旅途中，孩提时的记忆潮水般涌上我的心头。那时我才三岁，还是父亲的\小东西\。父亲在镇上一所中学教书。每当他穿行于种植园的香蕉树中间时，我则在他身后奔跑。跑累了，父亲就让我坐到他的肩膀上， 坐在他肩上我能看得很远很远。这时他就会唱\你是我的阳光，我惟一的阳光，天空阴霾密布，你依然令我幸福??我大笑着，理所当然地享受着这份父爱。 Now the prodigal daughter was returning with the firstborn of the next of generation-a hazel-eyed，golden-skinned hapa haole(half-white)child who looked little like his Chinese ancestors．How would my father react? If he disapproved of Timmy，as he had of me．the separation between us would be complete．I would never return． 现在\浪子\要回家了，怀中抱着他们的长孙- 一个长着淡褐色眼睛，拥有一半白人血统的黄皮肤婴儿，这与他的中国祖先几乎毫不相似。父亲会有什么反应?如果他不喜欢蒂米，就像不喜欢现在的我一样，我们之间的关系就会彻底破裂，我将永远不再回来。 The plane landed． and I gradually placed a crying，hungry Timmy into my mother's eager arms．Here was instant and unconditional acceptance of a child by his grandmother． 飞机着陆了。我慢慢地把正饿得哇哇大哭蒂米放入母亲热切的怀中。 这是外祖母对外孙的毫不犹豫、无条件的接受。 My father's expression was passive and hard to read．He greeted us politely：\he peered cautiously at Timmy，who promptly began to cry．My father stepped in alarm．Did he find it disturbing that this crying stranger might be his own flesh and blood? 父亲显得有点被动，其表情让人难以读懂。他客气地同我们打招呼：\路上顺利吧?\然后凝视着蒂米，蒂米马上大父亲惊慌地走开了。哭起来。他是否在为这个号啕大哭的陌生小家伙竟是他的骨肉后代而感到不安呢?
After dinner at my parent's house，Gary and I retired to my old bedroom．My mother tucked Timmy into a borrowed crib in a room down the hall． 晚饭后，我和加里回到我以前的房间。母亲把蒂米安放在楼下的一个房间里，婴儿床是借来的。 Four hours later mother instinct pulled me from sleep．This was the time Timmy usually woke for a feeding bottle， but there were no cries of hunger．Instead，I heard only the sweet, soft gurgle of baby laughter．I tiptoed down the hall． 四小时后，作母亲的本能使我从睡梦中醒来。这通常是蒂米醒来要奶吃的时间，可是我没有听到他饥饿的哭喊声。相反，却是婴儿甜甜的咯咯笑声。我蹑手蹑脚地走到楼下。 In the living room， Timmy lay on a pillow on the floor in a circle of light， his plump，tiny fists and feet shaking happily．He studied the face bent over him，an Asian face burned dark by the Hawaiian sun，with laugh wrinkles at the corners of the eyes．My father was giving Timmy a bottle， tickling his tummy and singing softly， “You are my sunshine．．．” 客厅里，在一圈灯光下，蒂米躺在地板上的一个靠垫上。正欢快地摆动着胖嘟嘟的小拳头，踢动着小脚丫，眼睛盯着那张俯视着他的脸― 一张被夏威夷的阳光灼黑、眼角布满笑纹的亚洲人的脸。父亲一边给蒂米喂奶，一边搔着他的小肚皮，轻轻哼唱着：“ 你是我的阳光??” I watched from the darkness， not wanting to break the scene and then crept back to my room．It was then that I began to suspect that my father had wanted to mend the breach as much as I had．Awkward and proud， he hadn't known how，and neither had I．Timmy became the bridge over which we could reach for each other． 我在暗处静静地看着，不想破坏这动人的场面。我轻手轻脚地回到了自己的房间。从那一刻起我开始意识到父亲一直和我一样想弥补我们之间的裂痕．只因笨拙和自尊，他不知道怎么做，我也不知道怎么做。蒂米成了我们之间沟通的桥梁。 For the rest of our stay, the tension slowly melted．My father and I didn't discuss our rift directly．Thanks to Timmy， we didn't need to．Having claimed his hapa haole grandson，my father no longer defined our family by a uniform set of features．Curly-haired，hazel-eyed Timmy was loved for himself． 此后在家的日子里，紧张的气氛慢慢缓和了。我和父亲没有直接讨论我们的分歧。多亏了蒂米，我们不需要讨论了。因为已经接受了有一半白人血统的外孙--蒂米，父亲也不再用一套统一的特征来界定我们的家庭了。他自然而然地爱上了拥有一头卷发和一双褐色眼睛的蒂米。 We returned to the islands the following summer．Timmy．now a toddler, splashed in the surf with his grandfather．The summer after that，they built a tree house out of scrap lumber and painted it blue． 第二年夏天，我们又回到了夏威夷。蒂米已开始蹒跚学步了，并时常同他的外祖父在浪花里扑腾。第三年夏天，他们用废木料造了一所房子，并把它漆成了蓝色。 So pleased was my father with his new grandfather status that he took early retirement when Timmy was four，to spend more time visiting
his \York family\． My son and my father made a handsome pair as they walked together--the Chinese grandfather happily followed by a different bouncing shadow.
父亲做了外祖父很高兴，以至于蒂米四岁时，他就提前退休，为了有更多的时间去\纽约\的家。父亲和我儿子走在一起时，这一对非常完美--快乐的中国祖父身后跟着一个不同种族的、蹦蹦跳跳的影子． Text B The Perfect Picture完美的照片 It was early in the spring about 15 years ago--a day of pale sunlight and trees just beginning to bud．I was a young police reporter，driving to a scene I didn't want to see．A man，the police-dispatcher's broadcast said，had accidentally backed his pickup truck over his baby granddaughter in the driveway of the family home．It was a fatality． 大约是十五年前初春的一天，阳光惨淡，树木刚刚开始发芽。我当时是一名年轻的案件报道记者，正驱车赶往一处我不愿看到的现场。警务调度广播说，一位老人在家门前的车道上倒车时，意外地从他小孙女的身上压了过去。孩子当场丧命。 As I parked among police cars and TV news cruisers．I saw a stocky，white-haired man in cotton work clothes standing near a pickup．Cameras were trained on him，and reporters were sticking microphones in
his face．Looking totally bewildered， he was trying to answer their questions．Mostly he was only moving his lips，blinking and choking up． 当我把车停在警车和电视新闻采访车旁边时，看见那位身着棉布工装、矮胖的白发老人正站在一辆轻型货车旁。 照相机都对着他，新闻记者都把麦克风伸到他面前。他一脸的迷惑，尽力回答着他们的问题，但是多数时间里只是翕动着嘴唇，眨着眼睛，哽咽着说不出话来。 After a while the reporters gave up on him and followed the police into the small white house．I can still see in my mind’s eye that devastated old man looking down at the place in the driveway where the child had been．Beside the house was a fresh spaded flower bed, and nearby a pile of dark．rich earth． 过了一会儿，记者不再追问他了，他们跟着警察走进那座白色的小房子。至今，我脑海里依然能清楚地浮现出当时遭受重大打击后老人低头望着车道上孩子倒下地方的画面。房子旁边是一块刚挖好的花圃，附近还有一堆肥沃的黑土。 \was just backing up there to spread that good dirt，\． though I had not asked him anything． \didn't even know she was outdoors．\He stretched his hand toward the flower bed， then let it flop to his side．He lapsed back into his thoughts， and I，like a good reporter， went into the house to find someone who could provide a recent photo of the toddler． \我刚把车倒到那儿，想把肥土撒开，\他对我说，尽管我没问他什么。\我甚至不知道她在屋外\。他伸手指指花圃，随后又垂落下来，再次陷入沉痛。我像所有正规的记者那样，走进屋子，想看看谁能提供给我一张孩子的近期照片。 A few minutes later，with all the details in my notebook and a three- by-five studio portrait of the naive child tucked in my jacket pocket， I
toward the kitchen where the police had said the baby was． 几分钟后，我在笔记本上记下了所有的细节，并把那个可爱女孩在照相馆里拍的一张宽3寸长5寸的照片放人上衣口袋，我走进厨房，警察说孩子的尸体就在那儿。 I had brought a camera in with me-the big, bulky Speed Graphic which used to be the newspaper reporter's trademark．Everybody had drifted back out of the house together family，police，reporters and
photographer．Entering the kitchen，I came upon this scene． 我带着一架相机--又大又笨的\速照\相机，当时这是新闻记者的标志。孩子的家人、警察、记者和摄影师都慢慢地从屋子里走出来。一走进厨房，我就看到了这样的场景： 0n a formica -topped table，backlighted by a frilly curtained window， lay the tiny body，wrapped in a clear white sheet．Somehow the grandfather had managed to stay away from the crowd．He was sitting on a chair beside the table， in profile to me and unaware of my presence， looking uncomprehendingly at the swaddled corpse． 光线透过窗帘射进来，塑料贴面的桌子上，一床雪白的床单裹着孩子娇小的身体。不知老人是怎样避开了人群。他坐在桌子旁边的椅子上，侧面对着我，没有意识到我的出现，他正不解 8 地看着包裹着的尸体。 The house was very quiet． A clock ticked．As I watched， the grandfather slowly leaned forward， curved his arms like parentheses around the head and feet of the little form， then pressed his face to the shroud and remained motionless． 屋子里很静，钟表滴答滴答地响着。我看到，老人慢慢向前倾着身子，伸出胳膊从头到脚揽住了小尸体，并将脸贴在上面，一动不动。 In that hushed moment I recognized the makings of a prize-winning news photograph. I appraised the light， adjusted the lens setting and distance， locked a bulb in the flashgun， raised the camera and composed the scene in the viewfinder． 在那肃静的一瞬间，我意识到一张获奖新闻照片即将产生。我估测了光线，调整好镜头和距离，拧亮闪光枪上的灯泡，举起相机，将整个画面组合在镜框内。 Every element of the picture was perfect：the grandfather in his plain work clothes，his white hair backlighted by sunshine，the child's form wrapped in the sheet，the atmosphere of the simple home suggested by black iron trivets and World's Fair souvenir plates on the walls flanking the window. Outside， the police could be seen inspecting the fatal rear wheel of the pickup while the child’s mother and father leaned in each other's arms． 这张照片的每一部分都很完美：穿工装的老人，他阳光下闪耀的白发，裹在白被单里的孩子，还有黑色铁三脚架和窗子两边墙上的世贸会纪念盘所衬托出的这个家庭的简朴气氛。窗外，可以看到警察正在检查小货车那夺命的后轮，孩子的父母伤心地依偎在一起。 I don’t know how many seconds I stood there， unable to snap that shutter．I was keenly aware of the powerful story-telling value that photo would have， and my professional conscience told me to take it．Yet I couldn't make my hand fire that flashbulb and intrude on the poor man’s island of grief． 不知道我在那儿站了几秒钟，却按不下快门。我非常清楚地知道这张照片会有多大的叙事价值，职业感告诉我要拍下来。然而，我却不忍心按动闪光灯，闯入这位可怜老人悲痛的内心世界。 At length I lowered the camera and crept away，shaken with doubt about my suitability for the journalistic profession．Of course I never told the city editor or any fellow reporters about that missed opportunity for a perfect news picture． 终于，我放下了相机，蹑手蹑脚地走出屋子，一时有些动摇，怀疑自己是否适合从事新闻职业。当然，我从未告诉市里的编辑或任何一位同行我曾经错过了一张完美新闻照片的机会。 Every day，on the newscasts and in the papers， we see pictures of people in extreme conditions of grief and despair．Human suffering has become a spectator sport．And sometimes，as I'm watching news film，I remember that day．I still feel right about what I did。 每天，新闻广播中和报纸上，我们都能看到极度悲伤和绝望者的照片。人类的痛苦已经成了一种观赏性的运动。而且有时，我看新闻照片时，就会想起那一天。我仍然认为我当时做得很对。 Unit12 Text A Importance重
性 Many important things that contribute to our overall objectives and give meaning to life don't tend to act upon us or press us．They're not ''urgent\，but they are the things that we must act upon． 很多重要事情有助于实现我们的总目标，使生活有意义，但是它们不作用于我们. 它们并不紧迫，但它们却是我们必须做的事情。 In order to focus on the issues of urgency and importance more effectively， let's look at the Time Management Table below．As you can see it divides our activities into four parts． We spend time in one of these four ways： 为了更有效地把精力集中在紧急和重要的事情上，我们来看下面的时间管理分类表。该表将人的活动分为四部分，我们以其中任何一种方式度日。 Part I represents things that are both \．Here's where we handle an angry client，meet a deadline，repair a broken-down machine，undergo a heart surgery，or help a crying child who has been hurt．We need to spend time in Part I．If we ignore it， we become buried alive．But we also need to realize that many important activities become urgent through delay，or because we don't do enough prevention and planning． 第1部分表示既\紧迫\又\重要\的事情。接待一位怒气冲冲的顾客、在截止期限内完成任务、抢修一台坏了的机器、接受心脏手术、帮助一位因受伤而号啕大哭的孩子，这些都归于此类。我们应该在这类事情上花一些时间。如果忽视这些事情，我们的生活就会乱做一团，终日忙碌地喘不过气来。同时，应该意识到很多重要事情由于耽误、计划不周或者事前预防不力而变得紧迫。（注：今年4月汉译英刚刚考过这一句） Part 1I includes activities that are \，but not urgent\．This is the Part of Quality． 第1I部分包括\重要但不紧迫\的事情，又被称为质量部分。 Here's where we do our long-range planning，anticipate and prevent problems，broaden our minds，and increase our skills through reading and continuous professional development，imagine how we're going to help a struggling Son or daughter，prepare for important meetings and presentations，or invest in relationships through deep，honest listening．Increasing time spent in this part
increases our ability to do．Ignoring this part feeds and enlarges Part I，creating stress and deeper crises for us．On the other hand， investing in this part shrinks Part I．Planning，preparation，and prevention keep many things from becoming urgent．Part II does not act on us；we must act on it．This is the Part of personal leadership． 我们进行长期计划、预见和防治问题、开阔视野、通过阅读和专业方面的不断发展提高工作技巧。想像我们去帮助奋斗中的儿女，准备很重要的会议发言，或者通过深入、真诚地倾听别人讲话增进人际关系。增加花费在该部分的时间会提高我们做事的能力。忽视该部分就会扩大第1部分的范围，增加压力和深层危机。另外，加在该部分投入的时间会缩小第1部分。增计划、准备和预防能够避免许多事情变得紧迫。属于第1I部分的事情不会催促着我们去行动，}