相关词典网站：From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Spessartine, sometimes mistakenly referred to as spessartite, is a ,
species, Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3. The mineral spessartine should not be confused with a type of
(a ) called spessartite.
Spessartine's name is a derivative of
in , , the
of the mineral. It occurs most often in
and allied rock types and in certain low-grade
. Sources include , , , , , ,
and the . Spessartine of an -yellow has been called Mandarin garnet and is found in Madagascar. Violet-red spessartines are found in
and . In Madagascar, spessartines are exploited either in their bedrock or in alluvium. The orange garnets result from sodium-rich pegmatites. Spessartines are found in bedrock in the highlands in the Sahatany valley. Those in alluvium are generally found in southern Madagascar or in the Maevatanana region.
Spessartine forms a
with the garnet species . Well-formed crystals from this series, varying in color from very dark-red to bright yellow-orange, were found in Latinka, , , . Spessartine, like the other garnets, always occurs as a blend with other species. Gems with high spessartine content tend toward a light orange hue, while almandine prevalence induces red or brownish hues.
Spessartine crystal from
Spessartine on smoky quartz: Wushan Spessartine Mine, Tongbei, Fujian Province,
Reddish-orange spessartine
Two "frog-eyes" of 1.8 cm each sit perched atop a matrix
, GIA Gem Reference Guide 1995,
International Mineralogical Association (1971).
(PDF). Mineralogical Magazine. 38: 102–105. :.
. Gems & Gemology. 34 (1): 50–63. . :.
Shigley, J Dona D Brendan L Edward B George B William Larson (2000). . Gems & Gemology. 36 (4): 292–335. :.
Laurs, B Kimberly Knox (2001). . Gems & Gemology. 37 (4): 278–295. :.
Rossman, George R. (2009). . Elements. 5 (3): 159–162.  . :.
Schmetzer, K Thomas H Lore K Heinz-Jürgen Bernhardt (2001). . Gems & Gemology. 37 (4): 296–308. :.
Media related to
at Wikimedia Commonsspessartite
['spes?ta?t]
['sp?s?,ta?t]
n. 斜煌岩；[矿物] 锰铝榴石（等于spessartine）
行家这样买宝石 VOL.7 -- 汤惠民 ... 铁铝榴石Almandite 锰铝榴石Spessartite 钙铝榴石Grossularite ...
基于68个网页-
闪斜煌斑岩
在线英语词典,英文翻译,科技词典,专业词典,在线词... ... 闪锌矿：Sphalerite 闪斜煌斑岩：spessartite 闪苏橄榄岩：valbellite ...
基于41个网页-
石油英语|能源动力行业英语第981页 ... spessartine锰铝榴石 spessartite锰铝榴石；闪斜煌岩 spew呕吐；压出 ...
基于29个网页-
矿业工程专业英语词汇(S)-机电工程-词汇中心-V... ... spessartine 斜煌岩 spessartite 斜煌岩 sphalerite 闪锌矿 ...
基于28个网页-
辉绿闪斜煌斑岩
角闪斜煌斑岩
石榴石]石榴石
更多收起网络短语
闪斜煌斑岩
斜闪煌斑岩
锰铝石榴子石
锰铝石榴石
&2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于
spessartite
['spes?tait]
【矿物】锰铝榴石，斜煌岩 [亦作 spessartine]
以上来源于：《21世纪大英汉词典》
spessartite
/'sp?s??ta?t/
(also spessartine)
a brownish red garnet that consists of manganese aluminium silicate and is used as a gemstone. Formula: Mn3Al2(SiO4)3 锰铝榴石
n. 斜煌岩；[矿物]锰铝榴石（等于spessartine）
Inspired by Swarovski's expertise in crystal and Signity's brilliance in gems, the Luna Watch is made of crystal, stainless steel and a Spessartite Garnet.
施华洛士奇处理水晶的技术以及升丽缇处理宝石的技术十分精湛，受此启发，这款月亮手表用水晶，不锈钢和深红色榴石打造而成。
$firstVoiceSent
- 来自原声例句
请问您想要如何调整此模块？
感谢您的反馈，我们会尽快进行适当修改！
请问您想要如何调整此模块？
感谢您的反馈，我们会尽快进行适当修改！Agate Geode
Almandine Garnet
Amethyst Geode
Andalusite
Andesine Labradorite
Aquamarine
Aventurine
Black Opal
Bloodstone
Boulder Opal
Cat's Eye Apatite
Cat's Eye Aquamarine
Chalcedony
Chocolate Opal
Chrome Diopside
Chrome Tourmaline
Chrysoberyl
Chrysoberyl Cat's Eye
Chrysocolla
Chrysoprase
Citrine Geode
Color-Change Diaspore
Color-Change Fluorite
Color-Change Garnet
Color-Change Sapphire
Demantoid Garnet
Dendritic Agate
Dendritic Chalcedony
Druzy Azurite
Dumortierite Quartz
Fire Agate
Fossil Coral
Golden Beryl
Hawk's Eye
Hemimorphite
Hemimorphite Druzy
Hessonite Garnet
Imperial Topaz
Kornerupine
Labradorite
Lapis Lazuli
Malaya Garnet
Mali Garnet
Maw-Sit-Sit
Mother of Pearl
Mystic Topaz
Opal Doublet
Opal in Matrix
Pietersite
Pyrope Garnet
Quartz Cat's Eye
Rainbow Moonstone
Rainbow Pyrite
Rhodochrosite
Rhodolite Garnet
Rose Quartz
Rubellite Tourmaline
Ruby in Fuchsite
Ruby-Zoisite
Rutile Quartz
Seraphinite
Serpentine
Sillimanite
Sillimanite Cat's Eye
Smithsonite
Smoky Quartz
Spessartite Garnet
Sphalerite
Star Garnet
Star Lemon Quartz
Star Moonstone
Star Rose Quartz
Star Sapphire
Tiger's Eye
Tiger's Eye Matrix
Tourmaline
Tsavorite Garnet
Uvarovite Garnet Drusy
Multicolor
Watermelon
Flower Cut
Octagon / Emerald Cut
Sphere / Ball
Cutting Style and Extra Options
Asscher-Cut
Checkerboard
Diamond-Cut
Portuguese-Cut
Princess-Cut
Scissor-Cut
Half-Drilled
For Example: 6-7
For Example: 8-9
Date Descending
Date Ascending
VVS and better
VS and better
SI and better
I1 and better
Transparent and better
Translucent and better
Opaque and better
VSS-VS only
VS-SI only
SI-I1 only
Transparent only
Transparent/Translucent only
Translucent only
Opaque only
Afghanistan
Dominican Republic
Madagascar
Mozambique
South Africa
United States
You Selected (548): Spessartite Garnet
Spessartite Garnet
Default Listings
Price - High to Low
Price - Low to High
Size - Largest to Smallest
Size - Smallest to Largest
Weight - High to Low
Weight - Low to High
ID: 401687<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
$ <span id="prod_.26
Item in Stock
ID: 407071<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
$ <span id="prod_.00
Item in Stock
ID: 401814<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
$ <span id="prod_.93
Item in Stock
ID: 425579<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
5 x 4.2 mm
$ <span id="prod_.75
Item in Stock
ID: 424305<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
20.5 x 15.6 mm
$ <span id="prod_5.20
Item in Stock
ID: 401595<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
$ <span id="prod_.23
Item in Stock
ID: 368669<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
6.7 x 4.7 mm
$ <span id="prod_.18
Item in Stock
ID: 401582<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
$ <span id="prod_.29
Item in Stock
ID: 395452<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
6.2 x 4.2 mm
$ <span id="prod_.12
Item in Stock
ID: 383580<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
8.6 x 7.1 mm
$ <span id="prod_6.73
Item in Stock
ID: 327755<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
7.9 x 6.1 mm
$ <span id="prod_.00
Item in Stock
ID: 401545<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
$ <span id="prod_.61
Item in Stock
ID: 295812<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
5.6 x 3.7 mm
$ <span id="prod_.42
Item in Stock
ID: 314132<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
8.5 x 7.1 mm
$ <span id="prod_.20
Item in Stock
ID: 425569<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
6 x 4.3 mm
$ <span id="prod_.25
Item in Stock
ID: 336410<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
$ <span id="prod_.75
Item in Stock
ID: 436352<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
$ <span id="prod_.80
Item in Stock
ID: 425578<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
5.8 x 4 mm
$ <span id="prod_.25
Item in Stock
ID: 417951<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
7.3 x 4.5 mm
$ <span id="prod_.03
Item in Stock
ID: 436348<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
$ <span id="prod_.90
Item in Stock
ID: 368567<span style="padding-left:8" id="new_qty_ pcs
6.7 x 4.6 mm
$ <span id="prod_.85
Item in Stock
Spessartite Garnet
belongs to the large and varied mineral group of . The fiery sunny-orange stone is growing in demand for its very good
(7.5 on the Mohs scale) and its brilliance due to its high refractive index. Spessartite garnet is commonly cut either in facets or en cabochon and makes an interesting and colorful piece of jewelry.Until the recent discovery of a mine in Namibia, spessartite garnet was rarely seen in jewelry. Its name is derived from former occurrences in the German "Spessart" Forest. In the past, garnets were exchanged between friends to symbolize their affection, and to ensure they meet again.Garnet is a
for January.
Seller Trust
Gemstone Information
Customer Reviews
fast and easy, lots of stones to choose from :)
Janie, March, 2017
I have always enjoyed shopping at GemSelect.
The website is easy to use and the selection of merchandise is great.
There is something for every budget.
I will continue to shop ...
Cody, August, 2017
Good service, products true to the description and pictures, very satisfied! Thank you!
DeniH, August, 2017
Love the variety of the gemstones on this site! So easy to navigate!
DDH30, August, 2017
Gem Select has a nicely set up interface that makes gem hunting quite easy.
David, March, 2017
Gem select is my go to site for gems as I have collected a few every year for about the last three or four years.
What a thrill to find a fiery Sphalerite in my price range as I ...
Nan, June, 2017
Popular Gemstones
More Languages:
& 2005- all rights reserved.Reproduction (text or graphics) without the express written consent
(SETT Company Ltd.) is strictly prohibited.
English speaking customer support only
Toll Free - USA & Canada only:
1-800-464-1640
International:
Save Money - No shipping Fees for Additional Items! $6.99 Worldwide Shipping
Save MoneyNo shipping Fees for Additional Items!$6.99 Worldwide Shipping
Update Translation
Current Value
Creating Account...
Close window to continue
Facebook did not provide your email to login.
Please allow Facebook to provide your email or sign up an account with GemSelect.
Size and Weight
Gems are always measured in Millimeter (mm)
length x width x depth,
except for ro
diameter x depth
Select gems by size, not by weight!
Gem varieties vary in density, so carat weight is not a good indication of size
Note: 1ct = 0.2gBest known as a red gemstone. It occurs in many colors and has numerous industrial uses.
Gem garnets: Most people think that garnet is a red gemstone. However, garnet occurs in a wide variety of colors. Clockwise from the top left: red almandine (Madagascar), green tsavorite (Tanzania), yellow mali (Mali), orange spessartite (Mozambique), pink malaya (Tanzania), green merelani mint (Tanzania), red pyrope (Ivory Coast), green demantoid (Namibia), purple rhodolite (Mozambique), and orange hessonite (Sri Lanka). Seven out of eight of the garnets above are from Africa, the relatively new source of spectacular garnets.
What is Garnet?
Garnet is the name used for a large group of
rock-forming .
These minerals
share a common crystal structure and a generalized chemical composition of X3Y2(SiO4)3.
In that composition, "X" can be Ca, Mg, Fe2+ or Mn2+, and "Y" can be Al, Fe3+, Mn3+, V3+ or Cr3+.
These minerals are found throughout the world in , , and .
Most garnet found near Earth's surface forms when a sedimentary rock with a high aluminum content, such as , is subjected to heat and pressure intense enough to produce
. Garnet is also found in the rocks of contact metamorphism, subsurface magma chambers, lava flows, deep-source volcanic eruptions, and the soils and sediments formed when garnet-bearing rocks are weathered and eroded.
Most people associate the word "garnet" however, they are often surprised to learn that garnet occurs in many other colors and has many other uses.
In the United States, the major industrial uses of garnet in 2012 were
waterjet cutting (35%), abrasive blasting media (30%), water filtration granules (20%), and abrasive powders (10%).
The Garnet Group: This chart summarizes the members of the garnet group that are most important as gemstones. The aluminum garnets are normally red in color with a higher specific gravity and hardness. The calcium members are usually green in color and have a lower hardness.
Physical Properties of Garnet
Chemical Classification
Typically red, but can be orange, green, yellow, purple, black, or brown. Blue garnets are extremely rare.
Diaphaneity
Transparent to translucent
Mohs Hardness
6.5 to 7.5
Specific Gravity
3.5 to 4.3
Diagnostic Properties
Hardness, specific gravity, isometric crystal habit, lack of cleavage
Chemical Composition
General formula: X3Y2(SiO4)3
Crystal System
Waterjet cutting granules, abrasive blasting granules, filtration granules, abrasive grits and powders, gemstones
Garnet Physical and Chemical Properties
The most commonly encountered minerals in the garnet group include almandine, pyrope, spessartine, andradite, grossular, and uvarovite. They all have a vitreous luster, a transparent-to-translucent diaphaneity, a brittle tenacity, and a lack of cleavage.
They can be found as individual crystals, stream-worn pebbles, granular aggregates, and massive occurrences.
Their chemical composition, specific gravity, hardness, and colors are listed below.
As seen above, there are a variety of different types of garnet, and each has a different chemical composition. There are also solid solution series between most of the garnet minerals.
This wide variation in chemistry determines many of their physical properties.
As an example, the calcium garnets generally have a lower specific gravity, a lower
and are typically green in color.
In contrast, the iron and manganese garnets have a higher specific gravity, a greater hardness and are typically red in color.
Almandine garnet: Excellent cubic crystals of almandine garnet in a fine-grained mica schist from Granatenkogel Mountain, Austria.
Specimen and photo by Arkenstone / .
Andradite garnet: Green andradite garnet of the demantoid variety on a matrix of marble. This specimen is about 8.9 x 6.5 x 4.8 centimeters in size and was collected in Antsiranana Province, Madagascar. Garnets formed within marble often have excellent crystal form and are of very high quality. Specimen and photo by Arkenstone / .
Garnet gneiss: A coarse-grained
composed mainly of
(white) and garnet (red) from Norway.
photo by Woudloper.
Alluvial garnet crystals: These almandine-spessartine garnets are from an alluvial deposit in Idaho. They have been transported a short distance from their source rock, and some still retain evidence of their dodecahedral crystal form. They are about four to five millimeters in size and weigh about 0.6 to 0.8 carats each.
How Does Garnet Form?
Garnet in Metamorphic Rocks
Most garnet forms at
is being acted upon by regional .
The heat and pressure of metamorphism breaks chemical bonds and causes
to recrystallize into structures that are stable under the new temperature-pressure environment.
The aluminum garnet, almandine, generally forms in this
environment.
As these rocks are metamorphosed, the garnets start as tiny grains and enlarge slowly over time as metamorphism progresses.
As they grow, they
displace, replace, and include the surrounding rock materials.
The photo below shows a microscopic view of a
garnet grain that has grown within a
included a number of the host rock's mineral grains
as it grew.
This explains why so many garnets formed by regional metamorphism are highly included.
The calcium garnets typically form when argillaceous
is altered into
by contact metamorphism along the edges of igneous intrusions.
These are andradite, grossular, and uvarovite, the slightly softer, typically green garnets with a lower specific gravity.
Two calcium garnets are highly regar they are tsavorite (a bright green grossular) and demantoid (a golden-green andradite).
Garnet in Igneous Rocks
Garnet often occurs as an accessory mineral in
Many people are familiar with
almandine garnet because it is sometimes seen as dark red crystals in the igneous rocks used as granite countertops.
Spessartine is an orange garnet found as crystals in .
Pyrope is a red garnet that is brought to Earth's surface in pieces of
that were torn from the mantle during deep-source volcanic eruptions.
Garnet is also found in
lava flows.
Garnet in Sedimentary Rocks and Sediments
Garnets are relatively durable minerals.
They are often found concentrated in the soils and sediments that form when garnet-bearing rocks are weathered and eroded.
These alluvial garnets are often the target of mining operations because they are easy to mine and remove from the sediment/soil by mechanical processing.
Uses of Garnet
Garnet has been
thousands of years. In the past 150 years, it has seen many additional uses as an industrial mineral. The chart below shows recent industrial uses of garnet in the United States. Garnet is also used as an indicator mineral during mineral exploration and geologic assessments.
Garnet abrasive: This photo shows garnet granules that have been crushed and size-graded for use as abrasive, cutting, and filter media. They are used in waterjet cutting, "sand" blasting, sandpaper, water filtration, and a number of other uses. Almandine is the hardest garnet and also the most abundant. It is the garnet of choice for most abrasive applications.
Photo by the United States Geological Survey.
Garnet crystal: Almandine, a variety of garnet from River Valley, Ontario, Canada. This specimen is a nice euhedral crystal
approximately 2 inches (5 centimeters) across.
These types of crystals are often weathered out of a garnet-bearing mica schist and are transported by streams.
Almandine garnet: Almandine, a variety of garnet from Lount Township, Ontario, Canada. This is a granular specimen approximately 11.4 centimeters across.
Garnet as an Industrial Mineral
Garnet Abrasives
The first industrial use of garnet was as an abrasive.
Garnet is a relatively hard mineral with
a hardness that ranges between 6.5 and 7.5 on the . That allows it to be used as
an effective abrasive in many types of manufacturing.
When crushed, it breaks into angular pieces that provide sharp edges for cutting and sanding. Small granules of uniform size are bonded to paper to produce a reddish color sandpaper that is widely used in woodworking shops. Garnet is also crushed, screened to specific sizes, and sold as abrasive granules and powders.
In the United States, New York and
have been important sources of industrial garnet for abrasives.
Waterjet Cutting
The largest industrial use of garnet in the United States is in waterjet cutting. A machine known as a waterjet cutter
produces a high-pressure jet of water with entrained abrasive granules.
When these are directed at a piece of metal, ceramic, or stone, a cutting action can occur that produces very little dust and cuts at a low temperature.
Waterjet cutters are used in
manufacturing and mining.
Abrasive Blasting
Garnet granules are also used in abrasive blasting (commonly known as "sand blasting").
In these processes, a tool propels a stream of abrasive granules (also known as "media") against a surface using a highly pressurized fluid (usually air or water) as a propellant.
Abrasive blasting is done in order to smooth, clean, or remove oxidation products from metals, brick, stone, and other materials.
It is usually much faster than sanding by hand or with a sanding machine. It can
clean small and intricate surfaces that other cleaning methods would miss.
Abrasives of various hardnesses can be used to clean a surface of greater hardness, without damaging the surface.
Filtration
Garnet granules are often used as a filter media. Small garnet particles are used to fill a container through which a liquid flows. The pore spaces of the garnet are small enough to allow passage of the liquid but are too small to allow passage of some contaminant particles, which are filtered from the flow. Garnet is suited for this use because it is relatively inert and has a relatively high specific gravity. Garnet granules, crushed and graded to about 0.3 millimeters in size, can be used to filter out contaminant particles as small as a few microns in diameter. Garnet's high specific gravity and high hardness reduce bed expansion and particle abrasion during backflushing.
Garnet peridotite: Garnet
from Alpe Arami, near Bellinzona, Switzerland. The material in this rock originated within Earth's mantle and was delivered to the surface through a volcanic pipe during a . The garnets are the reddish purple grains within the rock. Garnets weathered from such pipes often serve as indicator minerals when
exploring for volcanic pipes that might contain .
photo by Woudloper.
The best way to learn about minerals is to study with a collection of small specimens that you can handle, examine, and observe their properties.
Inexpensive mineral collections are available in the .
Garnet as a Geological Indicator Mineral
most of the garnets found at Earth's surface have formed within the crust, some garnets are brought up from the mantle during deep-source volcanic eruptions.
These eruptions entrain pieces of mantle rock known as "xenoliths" and deliver them to the surface in a structure known as a "pipe."
These xenoliths are the source of most
found at or near Earth's surface.
Although xenoliths contain
diamonds, they often contain a tremendous number of garnets for every diamond, and those garnets are generally larger in size.
These deep-source garnets are very different from the garnets that form in the crust at shallow depth.
So, a good way to prospect for diamonds is to look for these unique garnets. The garnets serve as "indicator minerals" for geologists exploring for diamond deposits.
As the xenoliths weather, their garnets are liberated in large numbers.
These unusual garnets then move downslope in soils and streams.
Geologists who find them can follow the garnet trail to the source deposit.
Some of the
were found by following a garnet trail produced by moving ice.
African garnets: African garnets of various colors: orange spessartine (Mozambique), yellow mali (Mali), red almandine (Madagascar), green tsavorite (Tanzania), and purple rhodolite (Mozambique).
In the past two decades, Africa has become a major source of excellent beautiful garnets with great color and clarity.
Melanite garnet: Melanite is an opaque black garnet that is unusual to find in jewelry today.
Along with jet, black chalcedony, and other black gems, melanite was often used in jewelry during the Victorian Era.
These two rose-cut melanite rounds are about 9 millimeters across.
Garnets as Gemstones
Garnet has been used as a
for over 5000 years.
It has been found in the jewelry of many Egyptian burials and was the most popular
of Ancient Rome.
It is a beautiful gem that is usually sold without treatment of any kind.
It is also durable and common enough that it can be used in jewelry at a relatively low cost.
Garnet continues as a popular gemstone today. It serves as a birthstone for the month of January and is a traditional gem given on a second anniversary.
Most people will think of a red gemstone when they hear the name
"garnet" because they are not aware that garnet occurs in a variety of colors.
gem-quality garnets occur in every color - with red being the most common and blue garnets being especially rare.
Red almandine is the red garnet most often found in jewelry because it is abundant and inexpensive. Pyrope and spessartine are reddish garnets that are commonly encountered in jewelry for the same reason.
In recent decades, green demantoid garnet has become popular.
It has a dispersion of 0.057 that gives it a "fire" which exceeds that of diamond's at 0.044.
Green tsavorite has a bright, rich color that is very much like .
It is commonly used as an alternative stone to emerald.
Both of these green garnets are becoming more popular, but their price is much higher than almandine.
Rhodolite garnet: Rhodolite, a variety of garnet, in mica schist from Jackson County, North Carolina. Specimen is approximately 8.9 centimeters across.
Garnet Information
[1] : Walter S Sterling P 320 2013.
-- An Essential Industrial Mineral and January's Birthstone: James G. Evans, Phillip R. Moyle, David G. Frank and Donald W. O United States Geological Survey Fact Sheet ; 2006.
[3] : Donald W. O United States Geological Survey Minerals Yearbook, 2012.
[4] : Donald W. O United States Geological Survey Mineral Commodity Summary, 2014.
More Minerals
Articles about volcanoes, volcanic hazards and eruptions past and present.
- Photos of over 100 beautiful gems ranging from the popular to the obscure.
Lots of people think that diamonds form from coal. Not True!
Explore fifty of the most obvious asteroid impact craters on Earth.
- a metamorphic rock and the most popular blue opaque gemstone in history.
A number of materials from space have been used as attractive gems.
Learn about fossils and fossil discoveries around the world.
Comparing their properties with the definition of a mineral.
& 2005-. All Rights Reserved.
Images, code, and content on this website are property
and are protected by copyright law.
does not grant permission for any use, republication, or redistribution.}