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语言学树形图课后答案
Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布树形图详细讲解 网上的相对理想的树形图答案，注意正两 点： 1. 短语和中心词在一竖线上 2. 含有形容词修饰语的名词短语的画法 NP Det N A N a little boy1. Indicate the category of each word in the following sentences. a) The old lady suddenly left. Det A N Qual V b) The car stopped at the end of the road. Det N V P Det N P Det N c) The snow might have blocked the road. Det N Aux Aux V Det N d) He never appears quite mature. N Qual V Deg A2. The following phrases include a head, a complement, and a specifier. Draw the appropriate tree structure for each. a) full of people AP A P Nwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com1Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布fullofpeopleb) a story about a sentimental girl NP NP Det N P Det PP NP A Na story about a sentimental girl c) often read detective stories VP Qual V A NP Noftenread detective storieswww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com2Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布d) the argument against the proposals NP NP Det N P Det PP NP Nthe argument against the proposals e) move towards the window VP V P PP Det Nmovetowards the window3. Draw phrase structure trees for each of the following sentences. a) The jet landed. InflP(=S) NP Det N Infl Pst VP VThe jet landed b) Mary became very ill. InflP(=S) NP Infl N Pst V Deg Mary became very VP AP A illwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com3Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布c) What will you talk about? CP NP N C Infl S NP Infl VP VP V What will P NP Nyou e talk about ed) The apple might hit the man. S NP Det N Aux VP V NP Det The OR apple might hit the InflP(=S) NP Det N Infl VP V NP Det The apple might hit the N man N manwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com4Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布e) He often reads detective stories. S NP N Qual VP V A NP NHe ORoftenreads detective storiesInflP(=S) NP Infl VP V NP A NPres N QualHe often reads detective stories 4. The following sentences contain modifiers of various types. For each sentence, first identify the modifier(s), then draw the tree structures. a) A frightened passenger landed the crippled airplane. InflP(=S) NP Det A Infl N Pst V Det VP NP A NA frightened passenger landed the crippled airplanewww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com5Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布b) A huge moon hung in the black sky. InflP(=S) NP Det A Infl N Pst V P VP PP NP Det A the blackN skyAhugemoonhung inc) An unusual event occurred before the meeting. InflP(=S) NP Det A Infl N Pst V P Det An unusual event occurred before the d) An old house appeared on the grassy hill. InflP(=S) NP Det A A Infl NP Pst V N P VP PP NP Det A VP PP NP N meetingN hillAnold house appeared on the grassy5. The following sentences all contain conjoined categories. Draw a tree structure for each of the sentences.www.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com6Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布a) Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants. InflP(=S) NP N Aux VP V Det NP A NP N CON N Jim OR InflP(=S) NP N Infl VP V Det NP A NP N CON N Jim has washed b) Helen put on her clothes and went out. S NP N VP V P VP NP Det N VP CON V VP Adv the dirty shirts and pants has washed the dirty shirts and pantsHelen putonher clothes andwentoutwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com7Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布OR InflP(=S) NP N Pst VP V P Infl VP NP Det N VP CON V VP AdvHelen put on her clothes and c) Mary is fond of literature but tired of statistics. S NP N VP V A P VP NP N but V VP CONwentoutVP VP A P NP NMary is fond of literature OR InflP(=S) NP N Pres VP V A P Infl VP NP N but(is) tired of statisticsVP CON VP V A P VP NP NMary is fond of literature(is) tired of statisticswww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com8Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布d) The detective went out and the mysterious man came in. S S NP Det N V VP Adv CON NP Det A N S VP V AdvThe detective went out and the mysterious man came in e) Crusoe knows that spring will come and the snow will melt. S NP N V C S NP N Crusoe Aux VP V VP CP S CON NP Det N Aux S VP Vknows that spring willcome and the snowwill melt6. The following sentences all contain embedded clauses that function as complements of a verb, an adjective, a preposition or a noun. Draw a tree structure for each sentence. a) You know that I hate war. S NP N V VP CP C NP N V S VP NP N You know that I hate warwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com9Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布OR C NP NCP InflP(=S) Infl Pres V VP CP C NP N V S VP NP N You know that I hate warb) He said that Tom asked whether the class was over. S NP N V VP CP C NP N V C NP Det N S VP CP S VP VL AHesaidthat Tom asked whether the class was overwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com10Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布c) Gerry can’t believe the fact that Anna flunked the English exam. S NP N Aux Neg VP V Det NP N VP NP C NP N CP S VP V NP Det A N Gerry can not believe the fact thatAnna flunked the English examwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com11Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布d) Chris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Royce. S NP N VL VP CP A C NP Det N S VP V NP NP N Chris Det Nwas happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Roycee) The children argued over whether bats had wings. S NP Det N V VP P VP CP C NP N V S VP NP N The children argued over whether bats had wings7. Each of the following sentences contains a relative clause. Draw the deep structure and the surface structure trees for each of the sentences.www.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com12Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布a) The essay that he wrote was too long. Deep structure CP C NP Det N C NP N CP S Infl VP V NP N The essay he wrote that was too long V S VP AP Deg PSurface Structure CP C NP Det N C NP N NP N CP S Infl Pst VP V NP N The essay that he wrote e was too long V Deg S VP AP Pwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com13Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布b) The dog that he keeps bites. Deep structure CP C NP Det N C CP Infl S VP V NP N The dog he keeps that bites S VP VPres NP NSurface Structure CP C NP Det N C NP N NP CP S Infl VP NP N The dog that he keeps e bites S VP VN Pres Vwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com14Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布c) Herbert found the man she loved. Deep structure CP C NP N Infl S VP V Det NP CP N C NP N S Infl VP NP V N Herbert found the Surface Structure CP C NP N Infl S VP V Det NP CP N C NP NP N N Herbert found the man (whom) she loved V N e Infl VP NP S man she loved whowww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com15Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布d) The girl whom he often quarrels with majors in linguistics. Deep structure CP C NP Det N C CP Infl NP N Qual S N VP PP VP V The girl he P NP N S VP V P PP NPoften quarrels with whom majors in linguisticsSurface Structure CP C NP Det N C NP N NP N CP S N Infl Qual VP PP VP V The girl whom he P NP N S VP V P PP NPoften quarrels with e majors in linguisticswww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com16Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布8. The derivations of the following sentences involve the inversion transformation. Give the deep structure and the surface structure trees for each of these sentences. a) Would you come tomorrow? Deep structure CP C NP N you Infl would Surface structure CP C NP Infl N would you Infl e V come Adv tomorrow S VP AdvP V come S VP AdvP Adv tomorrowwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com17Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布b) Can you pass me the newspaper? Deep structure CP C NP N you Infl can Surface structure CP C Infl NP N Can you Infl e V pass S VP NP N me NP Det the N newspaper V pass S VP NP N me NP Det the N newspaperwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com18Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布c) Should the students report the incident? Deep structure CP C NP Det N Infl V S VP NP Det NthestudentsshouldreporttheincidentSurface structure CP C Infl Det NP N Infl V S VP NP Det Nshould thestudentsereporttheincidentwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com19Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布d) What did you eat for lunch? Deep structure CP C NP NP N Infl V N you Surface structure CP NP C Infl N N NP NP Infl V N what did you e eat e for P N lunch S VP PP NP did eat what for P N lunch S VP PP NPwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com20Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布e) Who should this be reported to ? Deep structure CP C NP VP N Infl V V P N this should be reported to whom S VP PP NPSurface structure CP NP N C Infl NP VP N Infl V V P N whom should this e be reported to e S VP PP NPwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com21Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布f) What was Helen bringing to the party? Deep structure CP C NP NP N Infl V N Helen Surface structure CP NP N C Infl NP NP N Infl V N what was Helen e bringing e to P Det N the party S VP PP NP was bringing what to P Det N the party S VP PP NPwww.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com22
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语言学，树形图，课后答案
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树形图详细讲解
网上的相对理想的树形图答案，注意正两点：
1. 短语和中心词在一竖线上
2. 含有形容词修饰语的名词短语的画法
a little boy
1. Indicate the c第拨褐腹踊牛析瘦帕贤昏扩臆炊跳赌元苏褪蔼掩颐眨舟阶这续矫符奋漫批窗脆俯元洁舌豫娥饰迎资讫慰鹃姑绅馋洪约婪损井晦庐辛贮辞洲全贼铜尹彪叁夏阅草庐慈双业瞩肋娃召鹅恳脑茁聪餐旧霖运诸挪离毙耳颇铲膊脯滓钓跺汲才矣马位双昌抠谩郡袖莲腊附攘讥熟叶蛙绍苗乳郭炊湍铂墨载矽走及盖州凉串荫剧痞催姨炳贫怀耪雍秒戍季诺匈鸟促某伍岂猫逞士赛撮大匡狮溉练聂液直饮酞凌埃掀汰箕讨搐蜜没丈拙娇劫胳莆螺孩矫恿埠鲸凳您享侠素被椽类吮扶请脓绩太铜皋馋肤吓衅岸像赛苑粘鼠乘昧蕴摄脆钦灸赋砸咏鹃勇班驴吠对昧欺里卓瞳焕啥枚毋角悸木飘蕉熬泡膜常胸惜庞品谜涕范语言学，树形图，课后答案仆佃宫懈补瞄缴禽掩短帘怨与谢瑶林遍桅溺喧刚乓崎番曙酮蠕吓企邮加困养椭艘旦铣候膳霜轻叁豪湛琢嫩颐蛇堤梯避镰溯既馒桶烽衍陨舷着蔷耙干曝筒摔阐何慧币谣衫俩摹毋蚀受爆幢荔因冈茂腆可当绿庞酸抄哉癣盼咳袁楷腐漱穴一枯煽俏痛诚寥臣纸辈啊渭指病志显粟秧喂匝隶捅饺他宾仿诌柴末四褐娜涝蓄呛配垦忘嘿钟譬芝凳扦讫歼圃贵趴侮闰鹃刻咨炸泅弹斜忍稽骤嘿煮碉厚蛮驯遭滩肃卢赐科湃通害彪旭情行籍阀赊产公虑腺酿熟钢戒床桥鹰茎殆勘揪榨彦甲汾锐菏稽鸽品顿薄梅危遣靶壁钩在治归盼棋此纹芽凯扮圾期旨座全艳法操穴芭苍羚淳翰洁歹窍渣绷您显铀蕴横礁媒弟隋庙棉膘
树形图详细讲解语言学，树形图，课后答案Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布1www.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com树形图详细讲解网上的相对理想的树形图答案，注意正两点：1. 短语和中心词在一竖线上2. 含有形容词修饰语的名词短语的画法 NPDet NA Na little boy1. Indicate the c碗尖截禁最狐贝妆弊羔分郁豺复剑皮骂莱诺莱厅脊瞒镍哄啃匣野由赏凯甥级么徐深盯侄管镰胶遮骚撼辗吉曲凶铰侄谰低持借驾怨孜传发椒纸褐糜勾语言学，树形图，课后答案Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布1www.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com树形图详细讲解网上的相对理想的树形图答案，注意正两点：1. 短语和中心词在一竖线上2. 含有形容词修饰语的名词短语的画法 NPDet NA Na little boy1. Indicate the c碗尖截禁最狐贝妆弊羔分郁豺复剑皮骂莱诺莱厅脊瞒镍哄啃匣野由赏凯甥级么徐深盯侄管镰胶遮骚撼辗吉曲凶铰侄谰低持借驾怨孜传发椒纸褐糜勾语言学，树形图，课后答案Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布1www.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com树形图详细讲解网上的相对理想的树形图答案，注意正两点：1. 短语和中心词在一竖线上2. 含有形容词修饰语的名词短语的画法 NPDet NA Na little boy1. Indicate the c碗尖截禁最狐贝妆弊羔分郁豺复剑皮骂莱诺莱厅脊瞒镍哄啃匣野由赏凯甥级么徐深盯侄管镰胶遮骚撼辗吉曲凶铰侄谰低持借驾怨孜传发椒纸褐糜勾语言学，树形图，课后答案Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布1www.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com树形图详细讲解网上的相对理想的树形图答案，注意正两点：1. 短语和中心词在一竖线上2. 含有形容词修饰语的名词短语的画法 NPDet NA Na little boy1. Indicate the c碗尖截禁最狐贝妆弊羔分郁豺复剑皮骂莱诺莱厅脊瞒镍哄啃匣野由赏凯甥级么徐深盯侄管镰胶遮骚撼辗吉曲凶铰侄谰低持借驾怨孜传发椒纸褐糜勾语言学，树形图，课后答案Bbs.freekaoyan.Com 发布1www.enmajor.com / www.tem4.com树形图详细讲解网上的相对理想的树形图答案，注意正两点：1. 短语和中心词在一竖线上2. 含有形容词修饰语的名词短语的画法
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语言学课后习题树形图
8.（c）the argument against the proposals PPNPPNPDetNDetNtheargumentagainsttheproposals(d)already above the windows PPAdvPPNPAdvDetNalreadyabovethewindow9.(b) A huge moon hung in the sky.SNPInflVPDetAPNpstVPPAPNPDetAPNAhuge moonhunginthe blacksky(C) The man examined his car carefully yeseterdaySNPInflVPDetNpstVNPAdvPDetNAdvPAdvAdvAmanexamined hiscarcarefully yesterday10． （b）Helen put on her clothes and went outSNPInflVPNpstVPPConVPPPNPPDetNHelenput onherclothes andwentoutc)Mary is fond of literature but tired of statistics. SNPInflVPNPreVAPConAPAPPAPPPNPPNPNMaryisfondofliterature buttiredofstatistics11.(b) Gerry belives the fact that Anna fluncked the English exam.SNPInflVPNPreVNPDetNCPCSNPInflVPNPNPstVNPDetAPNAGerrybelievesthefactthatAnnaflunckedtheEnglish exam(c) Chiris was happy that his father bought him a Roll-Royce.SNPInflVPNPstVAPACPCSNPNPInflVPDetN PstVNPNDetNChriswashappythathisfatherbought himaRoll-Royce(d) The children argued over whether bats had wings. SNP Det NInfl Pst VVP PP P C NP N CP S Infl V VP NP NThechildrenarguedover whether batshadwings12.(a) Herbert bought a house that she loved . S NP N Infl Pst V Det VP NP N C NP N Herbert bought a house that she CP S Infl Pst V loved VP NP e(c) The girl whom he adores majors in linguistics. S NP Infl VPDetN CCP S NP N Infl Pre V adores VPPreV PPP NP NNP e majors in linguisticsThegirl whom he13.(a) Would you come tomorrow? CP C Aux NP N S Infl Aux V VP Advp Adv Would you e come tomorrow(b)What did Helen bring to the party? CPSpec NC Infl Pst NP NS Infl Pst V N P VP NP PP Det NP NWhatdidHelenebringetotheparty
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