《降临卡利姆多的道士》 正文 第七四章 占领尼斐塞特
请记住我们：【20xs.com】    路钟离将所有的泰坦文字都查看了一遍，但是最有用的就只有这么一条。√不过有这么一条也足够了，至少说明方尖塔并不是只有这两个作用。通过那块宝石，路钟离操纵着太阳方尖塔。太阳方尖塔上是有武器的，这个武器是一道太阳射线，类似于激光。
    路钟离测试了一下，利用这道太阳射线，轻松的切开了一个巨大的石头。
    见到这样的结果，路钟离笑了起来，只要拥有这个太阳方尖塔，路钟离觉得自己可以轻松的就可以占领尼斐塞特。
    高兴的路钟离转身出了太阳方尖塔，前往尼斐塞特城外前线。
    纳顿正在那里和尼斐塞特的领谈判，但是那个领显然没有将纳顿放在眼里。
    “可悲的拉穆卡恒人，在托维尔的面前，你的一切都将无足轻重！就算你找来了外人，也抵挡不了托维尔的强大的力量！”
    路钟离一听，可真够狂的。不过不知道他们对上太阳射线会什么样！是将太阳射线全部吸收呢？还是被太阳射线拦腰斩断呢？路钟离隐隐有一些期待这样的对决。
    四处看了看，路钟离现了一个绝妙的引导太阳射线的地方。
    在尼斐塞特的东面有着一座高山，只要站在山上，就可以一眼将整个尼斐塞特都收入眼底。这可是一个战略要地啊！尼斐塞特人应该有人守在上面！路钟离利用隔垣洞见查看了一下，果然在上面有一只尼斐塞特人的军队。
    路钟离叫来了雷霆风暴，“孩子，带上一些人，我们攻上那个山，然后给尼斐塞特人一点压力！”
    雷霆风暴立刻召集了一支军队顺着山路清理了上去。对付这种小喽啰，路钟离根本就不会自己出手，太掉价了。他赶在雷霆风暴请山顶清理好了之后，才降落在山顶，然后拿出太阳方尖塔的钥匙。
    山下双方已经谈崩了，托维尔显然没有将雷霆帝国的大军放在眼里，他们想要靠着巨大的体型碾压过去，然后将他们击溃！
    但是战斗一开始，就出乎了他们的预料，他们没有想到，这些士兵并没有逃离，而是很有技巧的避开了他们的攻击，尽量将伤亡降到最低。而雷霆帝**队当中也有可以和托维尔对抗的存在，祥云龙骑士团再一次亮相，直接对着托维尔就是一片雷电覆盖了过去。
    雷电对于石像状态的托维尔作用其实并不是很大，但是仍然是有一些作用的，雷电的麻痹作用可以让托维尔稍微减缓一下度。这是这一点度，就可以拯救不少战士。
    对付托维尔最得力的还是骑在祥云龙背上的法师们，一个个巨大的火球砸下来，直接碰掉了托维尔身上的一角。作为最爆裂的火元素，任何防御在它面前都不是无敌的。
    就在这时候，路钟离开启了太阳方尖塔，一道太阳射线从太阳方尖塔上射下来，直接射到了一个托维尔的身上。那个托维尔的黑曜石刚开始还能吸收太阳射线的能量，但是很快就因为能量饱和而不再吸收，从而被太阳射线切成两半。
    “你们的防御在太阳射线面前不堪一击，不要逼我赶尽杀绝！现在投降还来得及！”路钟离在山上大喊道。
    但是托维尔并没有做出任何反应，依然在攻击着他们身边的战士！这让路钟离很气恼，他立刻调转太阳射线，扫向另外几个托维尔，将他们一一杀死。
    城外的托维尔已经全部都被清理干净了，伊利丹立刻挥军涌入城中，想要攻战整个城市。
    城内的托维尔和尼斐塞特人依然在做着抵抗，路钟离再一次劝降道：“放弃抵抗吧！我的军队是你们的是被，就算是死亡之翼亲自前来，也不能阻挡尼斐塞特的陷落。”
    纳顿也跟着喊道：“我们为什么要为死亡之翼效死呢？同胞们，我们是这片土地的主人，我们应该只效忠于自己。死亡之翼只会带领你们走向死亡，而我们却可以带你们走向希望！”
    一些尼斐塞特人动摇了，有一些开始推出战场。但是仍然有一些还继续战斗，他们高喊着给自己鼓劲：“我们坚持住，奥拉基尔很快就会前来增援。”
    路钟离心中一动，奥拉基尔？传说当中的风元素之王吗？不知道他到底强不强大！
    不过因为一些人的投降，让尼斐塞特人的抵抗意志越来越弱，当最后一些死硬分子被打倒在地，整个尼斐塞特都落入了路钟离的掌握当中。
    路钟离解除了对太阳方尖塔的控制，他飞下山顶，落到尼斐塞特城中。
    “伊利丹，你来接管尼斐塞特的防御，派人在山顶建立一个营地，一面别人利用高山的优势来对付我们。派出所有的双足飞龙骑士，时刻注意南方海上的风元素，它们应该很快就会攻击我们。”
    “明白，陛下！”
    伊利丹出去不久，纳顿走了进来。“尊敬的陛下，没有想到您的军队竟然这样强大，这是我见过最强大的军队。”
    路钟离好笑的看着纳顿：“亲王阁下，不知道你来找我有什么事呢？不会只是来夸我的军队的吧？”
    纳顿略带有不好意思的说道：“陛下，我来是请求您将这些尼斐塞特人交给我们。尼斐塞特人毕竟也是我的同胞，我不想让托维尔的后裔们流太多的血。”
    路钟离想了一下，说道：“我可以将你这些尼斐塞特人交给你们，但是我想掌握所有的方尖塔！”
    纳顿摇头说道：“不，陛下！方尖塔是泰坦授予我们看守的，我们不能将方尖塔交给别人。”
    “恐怕你们没有选择！第一你只能在方尖塔和这些尼斐塞特人当中选择其一。第二，据我所知，三个方尖塔都在死亡之翼手下的手中，也就是说你们已经将三个方尖塔全部丢失了”路钟离轻轻敲着桌子：“我很快就会带人将死亡之翼的手下全部赶走，然后接手全部方尖塔。你们会为了这点虚名而放弃这么多的族人吗？”
    “我需要和我的兄长法奥瑞斯商议一下。”纳顿说道。
    “可以！”(未完待续。)(爬藤小夕)
(小野哥哥)
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and my grade point average stands on the top of my
…, thus turning me into a communicatively active
Only by developing education of the whole nation
can we realize the modernization which would otherwise be an empty
In recent years, studying abroad has
flourished.
In a word, the disadvantages do outweigh
advantages.
Education plays a vital role in building a
powerful and prosperous country.
If we do not take action to show respect to the
environment, we will have to face an increasingly awful
situation.
He is unworthy to live who lives only for
Some people have changed their outlook on value,
laying too much emphasis on nothing but money and personal
interests.
We should not sacrifice our health in pursuit of
I stare at your tiny body, so fragile that a
sudden gust of wind could lift you up into the air.
Life is like a revolving door. When it closes, it
also opens.
Above all, they are of high quality though at a
reasonable price.
Compared with cars, bicycles have several
advantages besides being affordable.
Furthermore, traditional food is relatively more
nutritious and balanced compared with fast food.
Unmarried mothers should not be regarded simply as
a social phenomenon.
This phenomenon has caused a wide public concern
in many places of the world.
Modern children’s games do not develop a wide
range of skills as traditional games.
…, which can spark our interest and build up our
self-confidence step by step.
There is no better way to lay the foundation for
we are expected to do something.
I am writing to tell you some symptoms of anxiety
among some students.
At first glance it seems very difficult to draw a
definite conclusion.
On one hand, we cannot guarantee that the students
will use the portable computer solely/ only for study.
Only in this way can we guarantee a happier life
and better study.
Views on the problem vary from individual to
individual.
They made an intensive evaluation of the health
care program.
I argue that these two approaches both have
positive and negative aspects and thereby a combination of these
two approaches of learning is the best policy.
There is a great demand across the country for all
kinds of nutritious foods.
The vast majority of kids take an active part in
the after-class activities.
An increasing number of students desire to go
abroad, which will add to their families’ burden.
In my opinion, it is more advisable to take some
preventive measures in advance.
Worse still, pets may make too much noise and even
attack people at times.
Worse still, it can have a bad effect on their
studies, causing them to get low marks.
To begin with, it is necessary to keep a balanced
diet, which is the basis of good health.
We must bear in mind that wasting time is equal to
wasting your life.
It won’t be long before you’ll have to recycle
your rubbish.
However, others hold the belief that buying cars
for personal use can help develop motor industry in our
We must try our best to shoulder the
responsibility of taking care of the environment.
This is not necessarily the case and needs to be
further considered/ discussed.
Some suggest what our society needs most is a
person with a combination of talent and moral character.
It is certain that the number of smokers will
further decrease gradually.
The essential reason is that an increasing number
of people are eager to get close to nature.
Volunteering has a meaningful and positive effect
on your community.
We all have a responsibility to feel sympathy for
and give aid to those in poverty and suffering.
What’s worse, once cheated online, one may find it
difficult to make a complaint.
When we concentrate ourselves on exams, we may
find them relaxing.
From what has been discussed above, we can safely
draw the conclusion that honesty is the best policy.
However, other students think that the program
misleads the youth to some degree.
Many heavy drinkers pick up/ kick the habit
Opinions are divided on the question.
It helps one deal with the problems with ease and
confidence.
It helps one ease the stress from work and
However, the number of students who… doubles that
of those who prefer…
The most striking comparison is in
As is apparently indicated in the graph,
The number of the students doing… adds up to…,
which takes up 80 percent of the total.
Coming next is the lack of physical exercise,
taking up 38% of the total.
The main reasons are listed as follows.
We still have a long way to go.
It is advisable to listen to some fairly quiet and
peaceful music if you are fed up with the homework.
…, with 70% of them having…
Another 30% complain… (suffer from) is equal
to(double, nearly three times) that of those who…
Among the 50 students we’ve investigated,
For one thing, a train ticket is much cheaper than
a plan ticket. For another, you can enjoy beautiful views outside
the train window.
Above all, it is safer traveling on a train than
traveling on a plane.
In a word, I will always travel by train if I am
not in a great hurry.
I hold the view that we should wear school
uniforms all day.
From this passage we can draw the conclusion that
drinking a lot is bad for our health.
From this diagram we can infer/ it can be inferred
that in 2008 the number of mobile phones will be twice as big as
There are 95%of the students who think it is not
useful to stay up to study overnight because the next day they will
feel very tired.
The fact leads us to believe that most of us do
get a good result in the NMET this year.
I am not for/ am against/ opposed/ don’t agree to/
object to the idea of building a new highway because of the great
What I want to emphasize is the fact that they are
only children.
&Being a senior three
student, he will never let his parents down.
It is said/ reported// considered/ thought that
the more pressure you have, the worse result you will
Nothing is more important than to receive
education.
We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting
our eyes too much.
There is no denying that the qualities of our
living have gone from bad to worse.
There is no doubt that our educational system
leaves something to be desired.
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they
can provide us with fresh air.
So precious is time that we cannot afford to waste
Rich as our country is, the qualities of our
living are by no means/ on no account satisfactory.
Listening to music enables us to feel
It is time the authorities concerned took proper
steps to solve the traffic problems.
For the past two years, I have been busy preparing
for the examination.
Due to/ Owing to/ Thanks to +N/Ving, …
Go up to/ climb to/ increase to/ rise to/ jump
The population of this city has been increasing so
rapidly that it has now reached up to 250 million.
There was a rapid increase between 1993 and 1994,
and the number then jumped to five million in 1995.
R not change
The number of fires in each month remained the
In comparison with that in 1988, the percentage of
peak points decreased by 30%.
The number of South American travelers increased
slightly and the number of visitors from Europe declined
The table/ graph/ chart/ illustration shows
(indicates) that a great number of people spent their holidays
traveling abroad.
As we can see from the graph, the rate dropped
slightly from 38% in 1993 to 31% in 2003.
From the table we can find out that only 35% of
the people have taken in physical activities.
According to Chart 1, the number of …in …was ten
times as many as that in 1995.
Compared with the boys, the girls show more
interest in chatting.
The number of the boys playing games is much
larger than that of the girls.
…is equal to that of …
As can be seen from the chart, only 10% of the
time is taken up with sports activities.
As is shown in the chart, the production last
month rose so significantly…
As is described in the chart, the total number of
visitors to the United States had nearly doubled to 2.7 million
people by 1974.
After giving a careful consideration to the
problem, I think I will be able to select the one who best fits the
It is clear from the chart that as incomes
increase people can afford to live more comfortably and eat
Therefore, we need to educate our children,
warning them of the dangers of playing with matches.
In conclusion, the upward trends suggest that more
and more computer users will have access to the Internet in the
In summary, …/ In brief, …
This figure rises to a staggering 60% of men in
their sixties. Against these figures, it was found that only 5% of
women snore regularly.
To move to the next major point: what’ in
addition, besides, furthermore.
To contrast a point: on the contrary, on the other
hand, nevertheless, however
To conclude a point: consequently, as a result, in
other words, in short
To emphasize a point: without doubt, chiefly, as a
matter of fact, in fact
shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table
(graph/picture/ pie/ chart), …has been on rise/decrease (goes up/
increases/ drops/ decreases) significantly/ dramatically/ steadily
rising/ decreasing from ______in ______to ______ in______. From the
sharp/ marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying
that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ________. For
one thing, _____________. For another, ___________ is due to the
fact that ____________. In addition, ___________is responsible for
______________. Maybe there are some other reasons to show
_________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned
reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _________.
I am sure my point is both sound and well-grounded.
As we know,
computers are of great use in our daily life.
different views on the problem.
Besides, if
you don’t make full use of it, it’s just a waste of
But others
hold that setting off firecrackers may cause noise
pollution.
Our school
is planning to hold an American Film Festival next
asked to pay attention to the rules as follows.
enter the park by the main gate, walk straight on till you come to
a stream. Cross the stream and turn right.
I hope you
all enjoy yourselves.
Our school
lies in the south of the city.
government has taken measures to protect our environment and
prevent it from being polluted.
You will see
a lot of places of interest such as the Ocean Park and the Space
changes have taken place in Beijing in the past few
every reason to believe that the development will be a great
letter, I’ve learned a lot about Beijing.
eager to know something about your school life, especially about
your after-class activities.
much delighted if you can satisfy my request.
I am looking
forward to your early reply.
about 1.2 billion smokers, which makes up 20 percent of the world’s
total population.
amount of world tobacco production has dropped (risen) from over 14
billion pounds in 2000 to 7 billion pounds in 2005.
30% of the
girls would like to become teachers while only 5% of the boys want
to do this job.
teaching, the second choice for girls is to be scientists, making
up 20 percent.
传统的语义研究
意义是语言的目的和特有属性，研究语言不能不研究语言的意义。然而，语义本身是语言的属性，用语言自身来描写和解释语义都是十分困难的。
中国传统的训诂学是专门对语义的研究，主要局限于研究词源和词义变化。结构主义语义学提出语义三角论，指出能指、所指和概念三者的关系，对语义的认识有较大进步。它的研究内容主要在于词汇的意义和结构，比如说义素分析，语义场，词义之间的结构关系等等。这样的语义学研究也可以称为词汇语义学。词和词之间的各种关系是词汇语义学研究的一个方面，例如同义词、反义词、同音词等，找出词语之间的细微差别。
对语义性质的认识
关于语义的本质，亚里士多德及后来的若干哲学家曾经提出指称论（referential
theory），认为语义就是词语指称的现实世界中的某个实体。然而，后来哲学家认识到，有的词语没有指称，如“孙悟空、鬼”等词；而且正如弗雷格提到的“启明星悖论”揭示的那样，指称(reference)不是语义的全部，还应该包括涵义（sense）。上个世纪六十年代，有哲学家提出内涵（connotation、intension）和外延（denotation、extension）两个概念，认为语言的字面意义（literal
meaning）或编码意义（encoding
meaning）中包括两个内容。当然，语言在实际使用中还可以与实际因素发生关联，产生语用意义（pragmatic
meaning）。
虽然内涵（connotation、intension）和涵义（sense）大致相当，外延（或指谓）（denotation、extension）与指称（reference）却明显不同。外延或指谓是词语与某一类事物之间的关系，而指称是词语与语言使用中个别的外界事物之间的关系。指谓在具体使用中的实际指向才叫做指称。现实世界不过是众多可能世界中的一个可能世界。从这个角度讲，词语在现实世界的指谓内容构成它们的外延意义，在所有可能世界的指谓内容构成其内涵意义。
形式语义学对语义的定义和认识
形式语义学的研究内容不仅研究词汇的意义，还包括使用谓词逻辑方法研究短语和句子等层面的意义，使用命题逻辑研究复句的意义，甚至近来尝试着将语用意义纳入形式方法进行研究。
形式语义学对语义的定义不是直接的，而是间接的。它的基本假设是，懂得句子的意义就是懂得它的真值条件。意义、现实世界的事实与真值互相依存，构成语义三角，知道其中两个就可推导出第三个。如果你知道现实中的相关事实且知道相关句子的意思，那你就知道那个句子的真假。如果你知道一个句子的意思且知道它是真的，那你就知道相关的事实。如果你知道一个事实且知道一个真的句子是完全基于该事实而取真的，那你就知道那个句子的意思。形式语义学通过对语句的真值条件(truth-conditions)的刻画而构建句子的意义。在句子的层面确立真值，得到句子(sentence)逻辑式的真值条件意义(truth-conditional
meaning)即句子的字面意义(literal
meaning)。形式语义学的主要工作就是刻画各种句子的真值条件，所以往往又叫做真值条件语义学(truth-conditional
semantics)。
形式语义学以弗雷格假想为基础，认为句子的真值条件意义是根据词语的编码信息，遵循组合性原则(the principle of
compositionality)而有层次地构建的。组合性原则规定，结构体的意义取决于构成该结构体的每个成分的意义及其组合方式。这条原则之所以重要，是因为它蕴含了一些重要的工作假设。第一，每个成分都会对结构体的意义做出贡献，无一例外。第二，成分意义的组合方式决定了结构体的总体意义。
此定义对语义研究的后果
一个好的语义学理论应该把握词、词组和句子这三级结构体的意义本质，刻画从词到句的递归组合过程，预见歧义，解释各级结构体之间的系统语义关系，还要能解释语言单位与其指涉对象之间的关系。
根据弗雷格假想，思想的成分对应于句子的成分，可以从小到大地组合成无数句子，相应地组合成复杂的思想。从部分到整体的逻辑组合的方式总是对尚未全部充盈的(unsaturated)不完整结构作充盈(saturate)。形式语义学采用逻辑的形式手段，把未充盈结构看作函项，把插入的成分看作论元。那么充盈的过程就是把函项应用于论元，得到两项的合并。这个过程叫做泛函贴合运算（functional
application）。句子“主语+谓语”为真当且仅当主语的所指是谓语所指的成员。这么做的用意是从已知句子的真值条件意义推及潜在句子的未知意义，使得句子的意义刻画成为规律性的步骤及递归性的过程。
可见，与早前传统的语言学的语义学(linguistic
semantics)相比，形式语义学采用了更多的数学工具和逻辑手段，使语义学研究具有了可操作性和推导严密性，使其更具科学性。
透析学习法是一种结合电子科技的外语学习和使用方法，五爷敢说在技术效率上，领先国内全日制教育体系、外语培训机构和各门各派2代以上。
1. 英文原著，建议100页以上（参考原著）。可以是传统纸版书，也可以是电子书（安装电子书到手机上的方法链接：&&AVA &TXT电子书）。拒绝英文简写版、英汉对照版。不建议选择已经读过中文版的原著。
2. 电子词典，强烈推荐智能手机上的电子词典。
1）掌上电子词典有卡西欧、诺亚舟、文曲星、步步高、快译通、好易通等（已经被时代淘汰）；
手机电子词典有：iPhone
IOS、Android、Windows智能手机可以装，诺基亚塞班系统可以装，非智能手机可以安装等。
目前智能手机上的电子词典发展到MDICT/BLUEDICT/ABBYY
LINGVO之类的词典驱动，可同时查大量网友从权威词典搞出来的词典文件，例如《新牛津英汉双解词典》、《美国传统词典》、《朗文当代》等，已经全面超越传统的单纯掌上电子词典，例如卡西欧（&&）。嫌复杂的也可安装较为简单的金山词霸、有道词典、欧路词典等，功能也足够强大了。
2）电子词典具备储存、复习、删除查出来的单词的“生词库”功能；没有此功能的手机可以用备忘录之类替代。
核心查词参数：
从正文开始阅读，遇到生词的时候，使用电子词典查单词。
32开纸版书每2页（页码页，非纸页）查1个生词，16开纸版书每1页查1个生词，这2页刚好是书本摊开的两面。
电子书每1屏查1个生词，但下一屏再遇到生词就休息不查，即不可连续2屏都查词。也可根据手机、电子阅读器、平板电脑的屏幕大小自行制定看多少才查一个生词，原则是不可查太多。
词组、短语等在电子词典中是与单词处于同等地位的词条，亦视为一个“词”。查词后存入电子词典的生词库，方法：传统掌上电子词典可按键调出生词库，智能手机上的电子词典可点击五角星存入生词库，也可复制—黏贴到备忘，然后保存退出。
阅读时，遇到生词认为需要查词典便可使用查词机会，而不是先挑出生词来查，也不是读完再回头找生词查。在电子词典上看懂生词解释后便可存入生词库以备进一步处理，不要试图当场苦记。在“每2页”、“每1屏”中，无论碰到多少个生词——10个好，20个亦好，只能1个，因为：
·查少了，单词没有积累；
·查多了，影响阅读进度。
&阅读时只需要读懂英文原著的内容大意，不必拘泥细节，可允许自己理解错误。假如你的英语水平确实较低，例如连初中生的水平也没达到，可以适当增加查词数目，但也要有一定数量的生词不查，并尽快过渡到“每2页查1个生词”的标准，最终获得“阅读原著时遇到大量生词时仍能读下去”的能力。
“多查几个不行吗？”
“2页/1屏才查1个太少了吧？”
没得商量，查词必须有阅读量支持——你若想迅速扩充词汇量，例如每天掌握50个生词也可以，但你必须读够100页。千万别以为“每2页查1个生词”/“每1屏查1个生词”太少，每天读上几十页或者几个百分点就一点都不少。日后读成千上万页、几十本书，控制查单词更为重要，因为多查生词有半途而废的风险——几个生词重要，还是几十本原著重要？
每2页才有1个查词机会，而生词多多，如何选择？答案：随便。可以查重现率高的词，因为查明意义就能明白书中许多地方；可以查你认为“关键”的词，如小说关键情节中的生词；还可以从“功利”出发，优先查考试中可能出现的“大纲生词”，等等。我在读《Augustus》（《奥古斯都传》）的时候，有一页我查了个很古怪的生词augur（古罗马用观测飞鸟等方法预卜未来的占卜官），为何？因为这个词是我的英文名Augustus的来源。当你读到60本原著以上的时候（大概需要几年），你的词汇量已经很强大，会出现“生词荒”，在原著中常常找不到生词，那么每2页/每1屏内就要查你碰到的第一个生词了。
英文单词往往一词多义，我们完全没有必要把所有词义都一下记住，只要找到能够解释原著语境中的具体义项就足够了。例如《 The
Moonstone》（《月亮宝石》）136页：“bears as near as may be, due
south.”查“due”，电子词典给出下列一箩筐解释：adj.(1)适当的；应有的，应得的；应给的；正式的；充分的
(2)（车船等）预定应到的；预期的；约定的 (3)欠款的，应支付的；（票据等）到期的 adv.（罗盘指针）正（南、北等）n.（1）应得物；应得权益；应有的承认
(2)[~s]应付款；税；会费。显而易见“正（南）”是对口的解释。因而，没有必要把所有的解释都塞到大脑里，只要把原著的句子读通了，查词的目的就达到了。
反过来，如果碰到学过的词，却发现意思解释不通，就很有可能是该词的不常见释义，我们应当成生词处理。例如，《The
Odysseys》（荷马史诗《奥得赛》）里Odysseus说：“We stepped the
masts.”我们自以为step是最简单不过的词了，可是解作“踏，跨步”是怎么也说不通的。查词，电子词典显示：“vt.【海】竖立（桅杆）于桅座上”。这里，step就是一个不折不扣的生词，应该存入生词库。因此，在一知半解的情况下，还得虚心多向电子词典请教。
在查词单元之中，没查的词是“透过”，查的词是“析出”，合称“透析”（）。
假设你今天读了40页，电子词典的生词库里就增加了20个生词。第二天再读英文原著之前进行如下操作：
1．掌上电子词典打开单词复习菜单中的“英译汉”或者“英翻中”功能，检查自己能否看到单词时马上想起中文意思（原著中相应的义项便可）。智能手机上可看生词库或者历史查词记录，想不起来就点击看解释。
2．（可选）打开拼写测验功能，测验库存单词。如果“测验范围”或者“测验词库”的设置不是生词库，请先将测验的对象设置为生词库。智能手机的金山词霸等词典软件有丰富的复习测验功能，五爷就不细说了。
3．（可选）回到生词库界面，逐一审核库存生词，看能否回忆。成功通过前两个步骤，并且审核也通过的单词，从生词库中删除；否则任何一步出错都要保留，留待明天进行同样的操作。每日的单词审核删除叫做“出货”。
有些电子词典产品和软件不具备测验功能，那也无妨，例如智能手机可以每天查看备忘，而手机的备忘存储几乎是无限的，所以不用删单词，每天看一看，直到读完一本书再新建一个备忘，到时能全面检阅你从一本原著中掌握的词汇。
一种比较经典的透析复习模式操作示范：当年五爷同时透析世界名著《Wuthering
Hights》(《呼啸山庄》),美国主流杂志《Reader's Digest》（《读者文摘》），医学专业著作《Cecil
Essentials Of Medicine》(《希氏内科学精要》)，某天我对生词库库存生词的处理如下：
英译汉复习
pester(不断打挠，纠缠)
Guatemala(危地马拉)
partiality(偏心，不公平)
decidua(子宫蜕膜)
junta(夺权后的军人集团)
blanch(脸变苍白)
solstice(天文学的至点)
blight(凋萎)
Hercules(希腊神话中的大力神)
acyclovir(抗病毒药无环鸟苷)
papula(丘疹)
impetigo(脓疱病)
importune(胡搅蛮缠)
Arctic(北极)
rebuke(指责，斥责)
insipid(枯燥乏味的)
gauge(测量，测定)
actino-(前缀：放线状的&细菌&)
trough(饲料槽)
fastidious(&微生物等&难培养的)
货仓式背词对来自原著的生词进行了数次重复记忆，但是并不能一劳永逸地记住当天遇到的生词，而仅仅是让生词在大脑里登记一下。没记住的生词不要尝试当天就进行多次复习，就让它在货仓里多存几天，让它慢慢渗入你的大脑皮层。背词复习每天只需一次。长期记忆则要靠持续读原著完成。
生词库就是你的生词货仓：每天存货，次日出货。这种自动化的单词“批量生产”效率极高，实现了阅读查词与记忆操作的分离，把生词集中起来处理，去除了“强迫自己记住”的主观成分，又保证了阅读的连续性。例如，五爷在一本原著中碰到“daguerreotype”（银版照相法），如果停下来努力记下这个又臭又长的生词，阅读肯定没法进行下去；而我只是把它存到生词库里，然后立即恢复阅读。这个“daguerreotype”足足存了10天才出货——货仓式背词根据单词的难易和你当时的记忆状态自动安排好每个词需要保留的时间。留着生词舍不得删，或者总是复习很久之前的单词，效果都不好，因为远离了原著，你不会增加生词的熟悉程度。
“Ideas that have great results are always simple ones.”——《War
And Peace》（《战争与和平》）第1262页。
1．每本英文原著须从一而终读到底：浅尝辄止是读书的大忌；换书要在10页内作出决定。
2.每本英文原著只读1次，除非你有特殊目的，切忌一本原著读完又读。这个世界信息爆炸，绝大多数信息你只能接触一次，所以你必须习惯永不回头。
训练计划：32开纸张版原著每天透析40页，坚持7天，你就完成了“头七”。电子版请自便。
“头七”是让你的英语置之死地而后生，坚持下来的人成功率极高，之后不用坚持；完成不了的人失败率极高。
详见博文：
本博所载学习方法毫无保留，完全免费，如果您或您的子女希望学得更好，不妨直接跟透析法创始人五爷学习，课程仅需900元，还赠送电子原著，帮忙安装电子词典，保证超值！请点击
占（占地面积）
occupy&&& 连续
succession&& 和谐
harmony&& 令人惊叹 marvelous
proximity&
调味品& condiment&&
sightseeing&&&
户外运动& outdoor exercise
landscape&&
supercentre&购物广场&&
recreation休闲&&&
entertainment娱乐
unique&&&&
确保 ensure&&& 禁忌
taboo&&&&&
受欢迎 popular
高速公路expressway
总建筑面积& the total floor space
独特的设计融合了中西方文化& unique design embody both the
Chinese and Western cultures
无法抗拒的魅力& an irresistible charm
可容纳1800名观众& has a seating capacity of 1800
分为四个部分&& divided into 4
可全方位移动& movable in all directions
国画& traditional Chinese painting
发挥所长& can bring one,s advantage into full
获得名师的指导& get instructed from good teachers
历史文化悠久的城市& a famous historical and cultural
沿海开放城市& open coastal city
简称& named in short
长江三角洲& Yangtze River Delta
在中央政府的直接管辖下& under the direct jurisdiction（管辖权）
of the central government
垃圾食品（方便食品）&junk food
中式的 Chinese
style&&&&&&&&&&&
成品&ready-made&&&&&&&
订做（衣服） made to measure
给我做一件衣服 make me a coat
一块（衣服）料子 a piece of material
good&quality&&&&&&&&&&&&
耐穿又不易走样 wear well and keep&its
料子不起皱，不用熨烫&it is wrinkle-free and needs no
量一下尺寸& take one,s
measurements&&&&&&&&&&&
big-boned&&&&&&&
剩余 remainder
**要多少钱？ what is the charge for...
hands&&&&&&&&&&&&&
奢华大街 high
street&&&&&&&&
魔力 magical powers
旅行小客车&a station wagontravel
minibus&&&&&&&&&&
中型汽车 mid-size car
运动跑车 sports car&
全面覆盖 full coverage
在别处归还的服务 drop-off service
thumb&&&&食指forefinger&&
中指 middle
finger&&&&
无名指ring finger&& 小指little
为**庆祝生日 celebrate one,s birthday&
维持重要关系 maintain valuable contacts
邮政服务& postal service
标准做法& standard practice
正在准备联络陪同口译考试，一边复习一边整理了一些学习笔记，供大家分享！
用词都选择了比较简单的，尤其适合口译初学者。
权力power&&&&&&权利right&&&
achievement&&&
专家specialistexpert&&&
改革 reform
珍藏cherish&&&
告别farewell&&
福利welfare&&&&&&&转达传达convey
欢迎、迎接、致敬&&&&&&
关心、敬仰&&&&&&
诚挚的谢意 heartfelt
gratitude&&&&&&&&&&
加入& joinbecome a
member&&&&&&&
vigor 活力、元气、精力
政府官员 government
officals&&&&&&&&&&&&
市政府 municipal government
经国务院批准 permitted by the State Council
中国把开放当作首要任务 China considered opening-up as a top task
前总理 former Premier
For four years in a row(连续四年)
a year-on-year increase(比上年增加)
reform and opening up policy(改革开放政策)
social programs(社会事业)
moderately prosperous society(小康社会)
well-off(小康水平)
new socialist countryside(社会主义新农村)
state-owned enterprises(国有企业)
civil servant(公务员)
made breakthroughs(取得突破)
After years of effort(经过多年努力)
Chinese socialism(中国特色社会主义)
keep pace with the times(与时俱进)
social harmony(社会和谐)
social safety net(社会保障)
resource-conserving and environmentally friendly
society。(资源节约型和环境友好型社会)
ensure that all of the people share in the fruits
of reform and development。(让全体人民共享改革发展的成果)
accelerate the pace of(加快。。。的步伐）
the reform on the medical care systen(医疗改革）
since reform and opening-up（改革开放以来）
has (have) been greatly raised(大幅提高）
be allocated irrationally(分配不合理）
remain high（居高不下）
be improved(健全)
medical treatment fees（医疗费）
doctor ask for kickback(医生索要回扣）
道德约束手段（moral measure)
&"十五”计划& Tenth Five-year
形成人才资源高地& build up a large pool of human
更值得一提的是& it is particularly worth mentioning
优惠政策& beneficial policies
涉及十多个领域的几十个行业& cover dozens of sectors in more
than ten industries
从事投资额大、回收期长的项目& invest in large projects that
take a long time to recover investment
特别优惠& special concession
能源危机& energy crisis
降低能源消耗& reduce energy consumption
对环境的影响& environmental impact
降低运营成本 reduce running costs
创造一个更愉悦的工作环境& create a more pleasant working
environment
增进雇员身体健康并提高生产率& improve employees，health and
productivity
减少法律责任& reduce legal liability
提高资产价值和房租收入 boost property values and rental returns
有远见的& forward-looking
着重于& focuse
长期& long-term
此后这种做法已经正规化& this approach has since been
formalized
若干评估和分级体系& a number of assessment and rating
利用自然光和通风条件以及高效节能的照明& rely on natural light and
ventilation,and energy-efficient lighting&
人与自然的和谐& the harmonious relationship between
human and nature
坚持科学发展的理念& persist in the scientific
development concept
当地民众& local residents
新的科学成果& new scientific results
培养工业人才& foster industrial talents
显示我国的综合国力& show China,s comprehensive national
提高国际地位& improve international
&扩大影响& increase influence
折射出上海努力创新和追求卓越的精神&& (reflect
Shanghai,s spirit to strive for innovation and excellence)
延续传统&& preserve traditions
我谨代表在场的各位...&& on behalf of
all present here
热烈的欢迎和衷心的问候 warm welcome and cordial
greetings&
热情洋溢的欢迎辞 gracious words of welcome
贵宾 distinguished guest
在世界上享有一定的声望 enjoy(享有、拥有） a worldwide reputation
中国广电传媒业 China,s TV broadcasting and mass media industry
了如指掌 have a good understanding of
信息传播技术 information communication technology
当。。浪潮席卷全球 as tides of....surge forward throughout the world
一门年轻的学科 a fledgling subject
凸现出现实意义 demonstrate its significance
面临前所未有的挑战& face an unprecendented challenge
中国进入经济社会加速转型期 China enters a period of rapid economic and social
transition
未曾想到，今天的上海如此生机勃勃，让人印象深刻。I could not have imagined the dynamic
and impressive Shanghai today.
中国正处于自唐朝以来最开放的时期 China is becoming
a&more&open&place
than at any time since the Tang Dynasty.
对我们都至关重要 matters for all of&us
世界上的其它国家都与中国的成功休戚相关。The rest of the world has a big stake in
China,s success.
经济和政治 economic and political
在。。之间建立战略伙伴关系 build a strategic partnership between
我认为中国不会走对外扩张的道路。I&don,t&think
China is likely to become an expansionist power.
融入国际社会& integrate into the international
为造福人民所做的奋斗和努力 endeavor and efforts in serving people
全心全意为人民服务 serve the
people heart and soul
大变样 a remarkable positive change&
一路平安（旅途愉快） bon voyage&
你的陪同和周到使我这次旅行收获很大。Your companionship and consideration have made
my trip most fruitful.
怀着真诚和喜悦 with cordiality and joy&
引起了社会的关注 catch the attention of the public
临别之际 at this time of saying goodbye
这次旅行的所见所闻非常有趣，给我留下了非常深刻的印象。The tour has been full of interesting
things and everything&impressed me a great
祝友好的中国人民繁荣幸福。I wish the friendly Chinese people prosperity and
happiness.
祝两国人民之间的友好关系进一步发展和巩固。May the friendship between our peoples be
further developed and consolidated.
我在此受到了无限盛情的款待，我再次向我们的东道主表示深深的谢意。 I would like to take this
opportunity to express my deep appreciation to our host once again
for the boundless and generous hospitality I enjoy here.
此刻我满怀留恋，依依不舍。I feel reluctant to part from each other at thid
接受邀请 accept invitation
以后有机会我一定。。。but it will happen at a different time.
值此金风送爽之际&&with the cool
golden&breeze&
我们正在更大范围、更广领域和更高层次上参与国际竞争。We are taking part in international
competitions on a larger scale,in a wider fiele,and at a higher
作为沿海开放城市的领头羊 as the leader of China,s coastal opening cities
感受到 aware of
聚精会神地全面建设小康社会 concentrate on building up a well-off society in
an all-around way
加快实现现代化 accelerate the pace of realizing the modernization
真诚合作的精神 scinece cooperation&spirit
国际咨询会议 internatinal consultation seminar&
事业辉煌 the success of your career
跨国公司的高层领导 high-level leaders of international
companies&&
知名的经济专家，造诣精深的专家和学者 famous economist,accomplished experts and
务实的态度 pragmatic(a.)
attitude&&&&&&&&&&
务实 deal with concrete issues
充分发挥 give a full play of &
集体智慧 collective wisdom
为上海的发展献计献策 provide one,s suggestions for Shanghai,s
development
一个共同的目标 a same objective
在经济全球化的大背景下 in an environment of economic globalization
抓住机遇，迎接挑战，不遗余力开创经济合作的新局面 seize opportunities，meet challenges and
spare no efforts in creating a new stage of economic
cooperation
实现优势互补，互惠互利，长期合作和共同发展。achieve the advantage compensation,mutual
benefits,long-term cooperation and mutual development.
充满蓬勃生机和广阔前景 full of vigor and bright prospect
继续以强劲的姿态阔步向前 continue to stride forward with the driving
携手共进 hold hands together
我一直期待着... I have been&looking forward to
感受到 aware of&
四项基本原则是：
the Four Cardinal Principles
第一，必须坚持社会主义道路；
adhere to the socialist road
第二，必须坚持人民民主专政；
adhere to the peoples democratic dictatorship
第三，必须坚持中国共产党的领导；
adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of
第四，必须坚持马列主义、毛泽东思想
adhere to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought
看了这么久的美剧，随便写写总结，免得以后自己忘了。
按分类来排：
科幻类：灵异之城，边缘危机，异度接触，触摸未来
灵异/超自然类：英雄，迷失，鬼语者，超人前传，邪恶力量，灵媒缉凶，真爱如血，行尸走肉，阿尔法战士，秘社，童话镇，迷失房间,铁皮人，永恒岛，尸骨袋，吸血鬼日记，格林
喜剧类：老友记，生活大爆炸，老爸老妈的罗曼史，超市特工，好汉两个半，打工姐妹/破产姐妹，杰西驾到，入侵/安全警报，情何以堪，疯狂老爸箴言录
刑侦类：灵媒缉凶，别对我说谎， 超感神探,灵书妙探,犯罪心理,嗜血法医，恶魔岛,异度觉醒，格林
剧情类：越狱,迷失,绝命毒师，权利游戏，嗜血法医，单身毒妈，斯巴达克斯,替身姐妹,触摸未来，疑踪,尼基塔
医务类：实习医生格雷，豪斯医生
再按时间顺序：
除了电视里面放过的那些老美剧不算，第一部应该是《Prison
Break,越狱》，本来比较反感看美剧，也不就美剧吗，有啥好看的，看TVB多好，，本科的想法。当看了《越狱》后，发现这厮确实拍的不错，剧情特别，在国内或TVB都看不到这样的新鲜剧情，所以看完了一季，又接着追了第二季，后来就没时间等下一年了，，也就没有后来，读研期间打算看第三季，看了一集不到，实在没兴趣，如果是当时连着看，肯定有兴趣看下去，所以至今还没看完。
第二部应该是《Heroes,英雄》，当时看的感觉还是不错，不过一集一集的出的太慢，看完一季后就毕业了，以后的也就没看了，现在已经三季，完结。由于间隔时间太长，没感觉了。
《Lost,迷失》,看过上面的美剧后，就觉得美剧不错，接着又看了这部当时还较有名气的剧，看了一季，没看出太大的名堂，同样是当时看还行，现在怎么都提不起兴趣看了。
上面三部估计是当时美剧刚兴起的时候经典剧目，当然，也有同学看《兄弟连》，《4400》和《绝望主妇》，不过我没看。
后来自己找了几个。
&& 《Ghost
Whisper,鬼语者》,女主角很甜美，和成龙一起演过《燕尾服》。现已被砍，全五季，属于单元剧，只到每季结尾搞个悬疑，但每集都是鬼魂骚扰，最后还是死者家里人当传话筒，几乎每集如此，看多了绝对腻，我也没看完，看了大概3季左右。
《house，豪斯医生》，看的第一部医务剧，单元剧，每集都要诊断一个疑难杂症，主角为一个瘾君子大叔，带有英伦口音，看多了也就那样，不会有特别激动人心的时刻，也不会有让你感觉太冷淡，看了3季还是4季，忘了很久没看，所以现在没兴趣了，现已经到第八季，听说该剧也将要走到尽头了。
之后毕业了，大发时间看了《Smallville,超人前传》，看名字就知道，内容全是超人正传的前传，原先CK没有他的最佳搭档LL，之后几季才出现，全剧共10季，于2011完结。为了走上正传超人的正轨，把死人也写活过来了，没有的人全写死了，单元剧，最后一点，超人不会飞，听说，为节省预算，做特效烧钱。该剧中CK就是一个不折不扣的纠结男，编剧可能要写的是他的成长吧，越发坚定的性格养成等等。。。还好现在终于不用纠结了，PS，剧情还是该了不少，其中最重要的是LL知道CK是SUPERMAN，两人还订婚了。
接着是在考研过程中，把同学电脑里的经典剧目《Friends，老友记》的前3季看了N遍，各种姿势，各种角度，各种方式，最后受不了在网吧下土豆的friends视频（当时是可以在线看所有美剧的，现在不行了，版权啊版权），考完研就把全10季买盘回家看完了，很有爱的几个老友，看完之后，我们可以得出结论，在异性好朋友之间，最后成为情侣的可能性为66.%。。。。经典，搞笑，练听力，口语的最佳选择。
接下来的基本都是读研期间，卖完MP4后的鉴定列表了：
《Supernatural，邪恶力量》目前出到7季，属于单元剧，但有长线剧情，按惯例，到每季的最后几集才走长线剧情，里面有我比较感兴趣的妖魔鬼怪，但基本都是遵循国外圣经的传说，史料拍的，尤其是长线剧情，每集都有各种怪，变形怪，鬼，狼人，吸血鬼，魔鬼，各种天使，天启四骑士等。只想说一点，看到后面就一种感觉，没完没了，这剧可以很长寿，据说已经续订了。
&&&&《Grey's
anatomy,实习医生格雷》医务剧，生活类，看过都知道，中文译名其实可以改改了，原先的格雷都成住院医生了，早就转正了，不过没年都有新来的实习医生。现已经到8季，估计还没完，听起来很无聊的剧，但每看一集都有再看下去的欲望，但最后一季一季的看好点。看完该剧后发现一个问题，当编剧想要清理人员时，如果是个别人，可以让你撞车死翘翘，或得个癌症什么地，如果要大面积清人，干脆来个大屠杀，血洗医院，该领便当的就去领便当了。不过还是值得一看。
《Medium，灵媒缉凶》已经完结，共7季，个人喜好灵异一类的故事，这部灵媒加破案的类型，还是比较对我口味的，并且每集都有不同的破案手法，女主角没集的灵光一闪都不一样，每集都比较有特色，且三个女儿也比较可爱，7年了，小朋友也一点点长大了，我已经看到5季还是6季，忘了，由于是单元剧，再让我看我也会有兴趣，可惜已经被砍了。
me,别对我说谎》，主角是《1900，海上钢琴师》的男主角，附带一个可爱听话的女儿，操一口英伦腔，又是一部大叔剧，共3季，就觉得第一季不错，第二季一般，第三季没看，个人也觉得越看越没兴趣了，被砍很正常。
《Eureka,灵异之城》觉得中文译名不行，明明是一部不折不扣的科幻片，科幻元素相当重，跟灵异没一点关系，单元剧，不过有长线，出到4季了，据说下一季是最后一季，看到现在，它的长线剧情越来越模糊了，剧情跳跃太厉害，尤其是自从几大主角穿越到过去改变历史，把一个过去的人物带到现代来了之后，剧情就完全凌乱了，除了单元剧的拍法，长线看来真是拍不下去了，完结了也没办法，不过要特别提一点，改进真是绝对的科幻片，相对那个《Doctor
who，神秘博士》（英剧）好多了，其他科幻题材的美剧真是菜鸟级，这个完全是骨灰级的，可惜长线不给力，现在唯一能给点力的科幻剧也只有边缘危机了。
《Fringe，边缘危机》目前已到S4，刚开始看以为还是科幻的单元剧，类似于《X
File》，看着看着也没多大兴趣，区别在于，本剧在解决问题都是利用伪科学的理论解决现有的疑难案件，但越到后面，主线越发明晰，也越来越精彩了，到目前为止，已经进入平行世界的和平解决问题的阶段，据说下一集将是最后一季，可惜，现在科幻剧都没几个长寿的了。
&&&&&《The
theory,生活大爆炸》这个相当火爆的剧，几个科学nerd加美女的故事，但到后面女性常驻角色越来越多，剧情也越发丰富了，笑点依然是谢耳朵，绝对是一部长寿剧，Y的连斯蒂芬霍金都请来客串了，太有才了。
《How i meet your
mother，老爸老妈的罗曼史》，依然绝对取名有点问题，中文原译应该是：我是怎么遇到你老妈的。整部剧基本到时为遇到遇到老妈做的铺垫，这铺垫正长，铺完的时候也就是该剧完结的时候了，所以粉丝们带着既期望老妈快点出现，又希望老妈一定不要出现的矛盾心理看着该剧。有种老友记的意思，但有自己的特色，非常精彩的情景喜剧，个人非常喜欢，《爱情公寓I,II》许多桥段都是模仿的该剧，不知道《爱III》是不是还是这样。
《the mentalist,
超感神探》说实话，除了一个推理比较厉害的顾问，帮着一帮警察办着，主线时隐时显，没看几集，实在没多少可以吸引我的地方，尤其是女主角不漂亮，看过几集后果断弃剧。
《Castle,灵书妙探》其实这部剧跟超感神探极为类似，区别在于，有心结的不是男主角大叔而是女主角警察阿姨，且女主角漂亮，偶尔也会秀一把火辣的身材。男主角还有个可爱的青涩的女儿，加个仍然怀揣演员梦的过气女演员老妈，这么和谐的一家子。男女主角那说不清道不明的暧昧关系，也是该剧的一大看点，虽然每集的破案我基本看不懂他们在查什么，很奇怪，看着看着就跟不上思路了，无聊的时候可以看下。
《Breaking
bad,绝命毒师》老实人得了癌症，为了给家人留点什么，投身毒海，以自己的专业知识发家致富的故事，该剧告诉我们：知识可以改变命运。很纠结的一部剧，看这个英文的片名就知道，breaking
bad：徘徊于好坏之间。要是放在国内绝对争议不断，剧情不错，2011年出完S4，据可靠消息，下一季终于要结束了，且是集数最多的一季，大叔一家子的命运该如何呢，我们拭目以待吧。
《Criminal
Minds,犯罪心理》典型的破案单元剧，主角应该是一个特别团队，心理侧写小组，根据犯罪现场留下的证据，通过团队成员的分析，定位疑犯的心理，身份，最后抓获。比较专业的罪案剧，该剧不叫出名，日本的某些剧集也有专门模仿该剧的，叫啥忘了，似乎是北川景子主演的。不过这个我也没看多少，单元剧看多的也腻，不是该剧不好，是我欣赏不了！
blood,真爱如血》知道现在有比较出名《暮光之城》系列电影以及《吸血鬼日记》的美剧，但估计许多人没看过《真爱如血》，看过暮光和日记，发现那些都是给十几岁的小丫头片子看的，我这个快晋升大叔的人来说那些太稚嫩了，偶像剧不是我的菜，《真爱如血》是HBO，美国收费台的一部吸血鬼剧，比较重口味，裸体，血腥，群P各种就连限制级电影都看不到的东西，它都有，当然剧情是最吸引人的地方，有一个特点，，每集都是中间有点平淡，到最后给你一点小惊讶，让你欲罢不能，基本是一季一个大的故事，非单元剧。整体不错，剧情精彩！目前已出4季。根据《南方吸血鬼》小说改编，整部剧充满了美国的南方口音。
Thrones，权利游戏》，是根据同名小说改编，HBO出品，收费台就是大手笔。属于架空历史剧，各种名字记都记不住，大概有6条主线，不知道啥时候这几线能够汇合，比较期待龙女的线以及小女儿的线。现已经出了第二季，总体不错，就是每季太短。第一季的获奖不少，小说还没写完，能不能拍完现有的也说不定。
《Weeds，单身毒妈》又是纠结剧一部，单身老妈买大麻的故事，最后全家总动员一起买大麻，儿子种大麻，小叔跟着买。Showtime，美国又一收费台的半小时剧，单身老妈命运总是那么的不顺，本来一切都好好的，最后总是给谁谁害了，越陷越深，事情越弄越大，哎，真希望这老妈快点自杀算了，害人累己，亲人们本已近走上了正轨，最后还是让老妈给拉下水，有这么当妈的吗？
《Dexter,嗜血法医》题目为该主角名，Showtime王牌剧集，现已经出完S6，下一季于今年9月份将要播出，小说改编，主角是serial
killer，由于小时候的创伤，导致了他需要杀人才能缓解内心空虚的习惯，好在有个好警察养父，教他杀该杀的人，并隐藏现场痕迹，做个“正常”的法医，主角在几季的挣扎认识自我后，越来越有了人性，不过听说作者还是不满戏剧里面他的冷酷，但剧集还是非常精彩，每季杀掉一个连环杀人犯，每集又有一个该杀的人物。虽然主角很有争议，但视角独特，剧情特别新颖，绝对是部好剧，看完也不会变坏。
《Spartacus，斯巴达克斯》目前已推出了2季加一个前传，由新兴的电视台StarZ推出的重口味，大尺度，血腥，绝对裸露的新剧。尺度甚至大于许多三级，不过拍的比较唯美，可惜男主角已经癌症去世，最新的一季换了个人，但剧情仍然很经常，讲述的古罗马时代奴隶反抗起义的故事，真人真事改编，不过戏剧化不少，尺度大，剧情好，少儿不宜，精彩推荐。
《Chuck,超市特工》一般般的喜剧特工类单元剧，有点扯淡，剧情一般，我竟然还看了大几季，可见我多无聊，似乎完结了，没看完。
《Two and A Half
men,好汉两个半》一部比较火的情景喜剧，最初是在香港的一个台看的，没完一集那种，感觉不错，后来把第一季下来看过之后，笑点不对我胃口，现在出了九季，男主角都换了，不过据说依然很火，可能是我欣赏不了吧。以后说不定无聊的实在没得看的时候会再捡起来看下去。
接着是看过的一些新剧：
《Alphas,阿尔法战士》简单的说是一部有着小超能力的团队抓另外一些有组织有预谋的超能力人士的故事。比较新奇，每集都有新的超能力出现，个人还比较喜欢，现只出了一季，还不知道完了没，不知道是停了还是续了，期待一下吧。
Dead,行尸走肉》已出完第二季，每季集数少，现已续订，连续剧版僵尸片，刚开始比较精彩，中间全是感情交流，尤其是第二季，除了最后一集，其他每集基本是在那里纠结，叫唤，交流，然后给个把僵尸走走场，一集就这么完了，这还看你妹啊，砍了得了。
《the secret
circle,秘社》哎，真不该看，听说是吸血鬼日记的一个什么编剧还是什么，冲着巫师，魔法去的，结果整个就是高中生偶像剧，看之也可，弃之也罢，没东西看的时候可以看看。
girls,打工姐妹/破产姐妹》情景喜剧，在新剧里面算不错，场景有点旧的感觉，不过还是有些笑点，算是两姐妹的奋斗历程，每集结尾还总结下姐妹攒下的积蓄，希望能一直攒下去，可以追下去。
Girl,杰西驾到》情景喜剧，当初看是由于看到女主角蓝色瞳孔大大的眼睛，以及傻傻的性格而看的，不过看多了之后发现，笑点不是太足，偶尔比较精彩，但还是可以看下去。
《Once upon a Time,
童话镇》各种童话故事的大杂烩，但编剧比较巧妙的将这些童话故事融合在里面，形成了现代版童话集，当然也有原童话的闪回片段，原童话故事改变的地方不少，小红帽是个大灰狼，确切的说是个狼人。
《breaking
in,入侵/安全警报》情景喜剧，防盗入侵公司剧，主角都是几个怪才，恶作剧，开锁，黑客，比较无厘头的剧，本来已经被砍，想不到又回归了，第二季走了一个美女，来了一个英伦腔的美女，一山不能容二虎啊。还多了一个新上司，人物更多更丰富了。
《Ringer,替身姐妹》剧情片，围绕双胞胎姐妹替换身份的故事展开，据说已经被砍，不过我个人觉得剧情很紧张，结构不错，如果能一季就完结，虽然有点不舍，但也觉得不错，不用等到明年这么长了。里面包含了亲情，爱情，偷情，蕾丝情，各种情一季罪案，商业欺诈等等，内容还蛮丰富。
《Jean by design,设计人生》高中女生无意间投身设计行业的成长史，虽然有点偶像剧的苗头，但剧情还不错，可以看看。
《Awkward,情何以堪》校园喜剧类型，有点校园喜剧电影的赶脚，反正也短，看看也不错。
《Shit My Dad
Say,疯狂老爸箴言录》亲情类情景喜剧，还获过奖，可惜只有一季就被砍了，其实也可以拍下去，反正就一季，可以看看。
《Alcatraz，恶魔岛》弄不清楚到底是穿越还是被冷冻了，50年前的犯人穿越到现代来，然后由两个警察和一个肥胖顾问来抓几百个人，考，要不是一个个出现，那不就弄的天翻地覆了，其实看多了会比较无聊，看不看都可。
《Awake,异度觉醒》新剧一部，看的不多，似乎主角是精神分裂，要么有什么高科技，主角竟然和可穿越两个平行世界，一个没老婆，一个没儿子，不过破案方式比较其他，看着有点意思，可以追着看下去。
《Touch,触摸未来》自闭症小孩的超像预测功能，记忆更加一些连锁事件来拯救某些人的故事，第一集救了不少人，后来就个把人，并且救人也太间接了，意义有点不大了，看多了腻，神神忽忽的。
《Missing，疑踪》，新剧，退休CIA老妈寻找被绑票儿子的故事，剧中各种阴谋，各种牛逼人物，感觉比尼基塔要好些。
&& 部分迷你剧也不错，看的不多
&&& 《The Lost
Room,迷失房间》好像才5，6集，立意不错，值得一看，重要的是剧情很短，属于科幻悬疑系列剧。
《Taken,异度接触》,外星人科幻系列，斯皮尔伯格导演，小童星达科塔·范宁主演，旁白也是小范宁配的，其实我关注的也是这个童星，演技不错，可惜现在也长大了，没小时候可爱了。不过该剧除了剧情时间线拉的比较长，讲述了3,4代关于被外星人劫持跟外星配种杂交的故事，最后结晶就是小范宁，最后拥有特异功能，心灵感应各种能力，不过最后还是跟外星人走了，不是很长，可以看看。
&&& 《Iron
man,铁皮人》童话系列迷你剧，根据爱丽丝梦游仙境改编，主角还是《杰西驾到》的那个傻大姐演的，剧情一般般，特技一般，总体一般。
《Neverland,永恒岛》2集的迷你剧，童话系列，小飞侠皮特潘的前传，觉得上半部分还有点意思，下集就有点小扯淡了，并且飞的时候那个威亚掉的太挫了，整个人一看就是被吊着的。特技一般般。
&&& 《bag of
bones,尸骨袋》史蒂芬金小说改编，皮尔斯布鲁斯南主演，全两集，属于悬疑恐怖系列，看起来更像是加长版电影，没多少恐怖，还行吧。
看过几集，本人无法欣赏的剧。
Diaries,吸血鬼日记》这部剧现在很火，看暮光的估计也会喜欢的这个，可惜我正好不是，下过两集日记，看了第一集，这TM不就是吸血鬼的偶像剧吗，女主角长得很标致，但也不能吸引我把剧继续看下去，欣赏不了，果断弃之。
《Grimm，格林》这算是一部新剧，最近又掀起了一股童话热，这部也是根据童话的改编，不涉及童话故事的细节，只是引用其中的怪兽，人形化的怪兽到处作案，格林的后代利用能看清怪兽的真形的能力破案的单元剧，当然，按惯例，必须得有个长线剧情的。
《Nikita,尼基塔》出到第二季了，还有没有下一季未知，看了一两集，剧情老套，只不过启用亚裔演员MAGGIE.Q，搞不清楚为什么在国内这么火，她连个华裔都不是，美越混血儿，长个马脸，奇怪了，看过一两集果断弃。
还有各种侦探，犯罪系列的剧，看过几集，但最后都没多大兴趣，基本都是单元剧，看多了肯定腻，名字我都不想去查了，破案能怎么破，开始发现案件，根据罪案现场的证据，排查各种人物，从细节入手，最终找到The
Guy,最后一集就完了。
回头一看，也不多嘛。。。。。。
语用学方向硕士研究生必读文献
（说明：前面单列的文献为必读，后面的有批注的作者的一两个/篇/本为必读，其他为suggested
readings即建议阅读文献。凡是“学报”都是哲社版。为了节省篇幅我们省略了多数文章的副标题。本资料由李倩根据本人意思整理（we
all ought to thank
her），但是，格式、次序、语言等的不当之处还请自己修改和美化。要求：读书时要做笔记——惊叹号为“好，值得引用”，打叉是“观点错误”，问号是“质疑，有可能存在问题”，个别地方可插入自己的短评——这样可方便将来查阅、引用、批评。如果是网上下载的论文（最好是caj形式的论文），要做好批注和记号。开题报告前后随时做好被面试、电话采访等形式的检查。关于一些经典书目，要做好在“导师见面会”汇报的准备。另外，三年内（最好是开题报告前后）到重庆大学A区数字图书馆上网一两天，查询和下载国外期刊（如Lingua,
Journal of Pragmatics, Journal of
Linguistics）的相关文章、硕士和博士论文，以及外国报纸的文章（作为语料）。（因篇幅限制这里姑且删除批注，抱歉）——侯国金，日更新）
1.&&&&}