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"F1 2014" redirects here. For the video game based on the 2014 Formula One season, see .
World Championship
Support series:
, the 2014
finished second in the Drivers' Championship, 67 points behind Hamilton. He also won the inaugural Pole Trophy.
finished third in his first season with .
The 2014 Formula One season was the 65th season of the , a
championship for Formula One cars, recognised by the sport's governing body, the
(FIA), as the highest class of competition for
racing cars. The season started in
on 16 March and concluded in
on 23 November. In the nineteen
of the season, a total of eleven teams and twenty-four drivers competed for the
Championships. It was the first Formula One season since
to see an accident with ultimately fatal consequences as
succumbed to the injuries he sustained during the . He died on 17 July 2015 after spending nine months in a coma following the accident.
In 2014, the championship saw the introduction of a revised engine formula, in which the 2.4 litre
configuration—previously used between
and —was replaced with a new formula specifying a 1.6 litre turbocharged
that incorporated an energy recovery system into its build. The 2014 calendar featured substantial revisions from the 2013 the
(held the first time in a century) was held at the , and the
was revived with the race held at the
was put on hiatus, whilst the
was removed from the schedule entirely.
started the season as defending World Drivers' Champion having secured his fourth consecutive Drivers' title the previous season at the . His team, , also started the season as defending World Constructors' Champion having secured its fourth consecutive Constructors' title last season at the same Grand Prix in which its lead driver secured his title.
won his second World Drivers' Championship with 384 points and 11 victories having previously won his first Drivers' title in , ahead of his team-mate,
with 317 points and 5 victories. Rosberg also won the inaugural FIA Pole Trophy having amassed a total of 11 pole positions over the course of the season. Mercedes secured their first World Constructors' Championship in Russia, and finished the season with 701 points, 296 points ahead of Red Bull Racing. The season also saw the first three wins of , who finished third in the championship for Red Bull Racing.
The following teams and drivers took part in the 2014 season.
                Entrant                         
  Race drivers          
Free Practice drivers 
Caterham F1 Team
Renault Energy
1–11, 13–16, 19
Scuderia Ferrari
Ferrari 059/3
Sahara Force India F1 Team
Lotus F1 Team
Renault Energy
Marussia F1 Team
Ferrari 059/3
McLaren Mercedes
Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team
Infiniti Red Bull Racing
Renault Energy
Sauber F1 Team
Ferrari 059/3
Scuderia Toro Rosso
Renault Energy
Williams Martini Racing
elected not to build an engine to fit the 2014 generation of regulations. This decision prompted , the only team using Cosworth engines during the , to seek out a new engine supplier. They joined
customer programme with Ferrari providing the team with both engine and powertrain for 2014 and beyond.
secured an agreement with
for engines in 2014, ending their seven-year arrangement with Ferrari.
parted ways with Renault after two seasons, switching to Mercedes power in what the team described as a "long-term deal". The deal came after Renault publicised their intentions to reduce their engine supply to three teams in 2014, before the French manufacturer ultimately settled on supplying four.
In 2011, former
team principal
announced the formation of —commonly known by its acronym, PURE—and signalled his intentions to enter the sport in 2014 as a customer engine supplier, with the full support of the FIA. However, the engine programme was eventually suspended in July 2012 due to problems regarding funding, and was ultimately unable to secure any clients for the 2014 season.
left Ferrari at the end of the 2013 season after eight years racing for the team. He moved to Williams, alongside . , having been replaced at Williams by Massa, moved to , taking the seat vacated by
World Champion . R?ikk?nen returned to Ferrari, the team he raced for from 2007 to . The partnership of R?ikk?nen and
marked the first time since
that Ferrari contested a season with two World Drivers' Champions in the team.
retired from Formula One after twelve seasons, the last seven with Red Bull Racing. He moved to the .
to fill his seat, becoming the second driver to graduate from the team's
to their premier racing team. Toro Rosso chose
as Ricciardo's replacement.
after a single season with the team. He was replaced by
champion and McLaren Young Driver Programme member . Pérez moved to , where he was joined by , who returned to the team after one year with . As a result of the Hülkenberg and Pérez deals,
lost their seats with the team. Sutil went on to secure Hülkenberg's vacant seat at Sauber, while di Resta left Formula One entirely and returned to the , the series he competed in prior to joining Formula One.
returned to Formula One with , after spending the 2013 season competing in the World Endurance Championship. He was partnered with
regular , who became the first Swedish driver in Formula One since
retired from the sport in . The decision left both
without a drive, and both went on to take reserve driver ro van der Garde joined Sauber, while Pic moved to Lotus.
joined Williams as a test and reserve driver, with a programme that included participation in selected Free Practice 1 sessions. In doing so, she became the first female driver to take part in a Grand Prix weekend since
failed to qualify for the .
(bottom)—both seen here at the —went into
late in the season.
In the week before the , Caterham announced that team owner
had sold his controlling stake in the team to a group of Swiss and Dubai-based investors. Former
was appointed as team principal, with the team declaring its intentions to continue competing under the Caterham name. Albers was himself replaced by Manfredi Ravetto, who admitted that the sale was necessary to keep the team on the grid. Ravetto was in turn replaced, this time by Finbarr O'Connell, who was appointed when the team was placed into
ahead of the
due to a dispute over the team's ownership. The team was later given a dispensation to miss the United States and
in order to resolve the dispute.
Three-time
winner and
(now ) champion
made his Formula One debut with Caterham, replacing
at the . Under the terms of the deal, Kobayashi returned to the team for the , while Lotterer returned to Super Formula. The team had further planned to substitute Kobayashi for Formula One's most experienced driver in history, , in the United States, Brazilian and
Grands Prix, but were forced to abandon the plan when they entered administration. The team ultimately put together a rescue package ahead of the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, but with Marcus Ericsson formally leaving the team ahead of a move to Sauber in , Caterham chose debutant
as his replacement.
was entered for the
as a replacement for . However, following the first practice session, Chilton was reinstated as the team's racing driver, and Rossi only participated in the practice session. Rossi was later nominated as 's replacement for the , but the entry was ultimately withdrawn out of respect for the critically injured Bianchi.
suffered a serious head injury in a crash at the , remaining hospitalised and in a coma until his death in July 2015. Marussia decided to enter only one car in the
out of respect for the Frenchman. Faced with their own financial problems, the team was also granted a dispensation to miss the United States Grand Prix. One week before the Grand Prix, Marussia followed Caterham into administration. The team ultimately folded ahead of the Brazilian Grand Prix.
Nations that hosted a
in 2014 are highlighted in green, with former host nations shown in pink.
The following nineteen Grands Prix took place in 2014.
Grand Prix
                                              
16 March
30 March
6 April
20 April
11 May
25 May
8 June
22 June
6 July
20 July
27 July
24 August
7 September
21 September
5 October
12 October
2 November
9 November
23 November
In 2014 Formula One travelled to
for the first time, with the
Red Bull reached an agreement with
to revive the Austrian Grand Prix after a ten-year absence from the calendar. The race was held at the Red Bull Ring, which previously hosted the Austrian Grand Prix in , when the circuit was known as the A1-Ring.
The calendar saw the introduction of the Russian Grand Prix with the race staged at the Sochi Autodrom near the end of the season. The race took place on a street circuit constructed around the . It was the first Russian Grand Prix in a century, and the first time the country had ever hosted a round of the . The
had cautioned that it would use its power to delay the race until 2015 if it felt that construction of the circuit and facilities were disrupting preparations for the , but this proved not to be an issue.
returned to the calendar to host the , in keeping with the event-sharing agreement first established in
for the two circuits to host the Grand Prix in alternating years. The Hockenheimring last hosted a Grand Prix in .
The Indian Grand Prix was not held in 2014 following the devaluation of the
and ongoing complications arising from Indian taxation laws, which had dogged the event since its
in 2011, with authorities classifying the Grand Prix as "entertainment", which under Indian law would have entitled the authorities to claim a portion of the teams' revenue as tax for competing in India, something they would have been unable to do if the race had been classified as a "sport". The race promoters initially came to an agreement with Bernie Ecclestone to skip the 2014 event and return to the calendar early in 2015; however, in March 2014, Ecclestone stated that the race will likely be pushed back to
while the sport tries to resolve the taxation issue.
The Korean Grand Prix, , and the
were included in the provisional calendar published in September 2013, but were later removed from the final calendar released in December.
was held as a night event under lights, similar to the . The decision to hold the race under lights was taken as a means of marking the tenth anniversary of the event.
had been provisionally scheduled for 9 November. However, the date coincided with a
home game, which would have strained Austin's tourism infrastructure. The final calendar rescheduled the race for 2 November to eliminate this conflict.
Car aesthetics proved controversial in 2014, with the demand for a low nose resulting in teams designing cars with a finger-like appendage—seen here in the nose of the —dubbed the
at the front of the chassis.
The 2014 season saw the introduction of a new engine formula, with turbocharged engines returning to the sport for the first time since . The new engines were a 1.6 litre
format with an 8-speed semi-automatic . The rules dictated the use of a ninety-degree engine bank, with fixed crankshaft and mounting points for the chassis, while the engines were limited to 15,000 . Individual engine units under the 2014 specifications had to last for at least 4,000 km (2,500 mi) before being replaced, in comparison to the pre-2014 engines, which were required to last for just 2,000 km (1,200 mi). The engines, now known as "power units", were divided into six separate components: the
(TC); Motor Generator Unit-Kinetic (MGU-K), which harvested energy that would normally be
Motor Generator Unit-Heat (MGU-H), which collected energy in the form of heat as it was expelled Energy Store (ES), which functioned as batteries, holding the energy gathered by the Motor Generator U and Control Electronics (CE), which included the Electronic Control Unit and software used to manage the entire power unit.
Under the previous generation of engines, used from 2006 to 2013, engines were subject to a development "freeze", which prohibited manufacturers from upgrading their engines. Faced with the complexity of the 2014 engines, the engine freeze was replaced with a points-trading system to prevent manufacturers from being unable to develop or improve their engines. Under the system, the individual parts of the engine were classified as Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3, and were assigned a points value there within. Engine manufacturers were given a budget of sixty-six points, which they were free to spend on engine development, with points deducted from their budget depending on the parts developed.
The —known from
to 2013 as KERS, and renamed from 2014 as ERS-K—was incorporated into the design of the engine and its function as a supplementary power source was taken by the introduction of the
energy recovery system (ERS). The ERS unit captured waste heat as it was dispelled from the exhaust turbocharger, using an electrical device known as a heat motor generator unit. This waste heat was stored as an electrical charge until it was used by a complementary system called the kinetic motor generator unit. This device was connected directly to the drive train to deliver the additional power in the most direct and efficient way. In combination with the ERS-K it gave drivers an additional 161 bhp (120 kW) for thirty-three seconds per lap, compared to the KERS units used prior to 2014, which gave drivers 80 bhp (60 kW) for six seconds per lap. This energy was released into the powertrain by the electronic control unit (ECU) to promote the most efficient and effective application of the power, but the driver had the ability to manually override the ECU and use the remaining available power instantly.
Teams were permitted to use electronic braking devices to manage the braking of the rear wheels as the increased power output from the ERS-K units made regulating the brake bias much harder than it had been previously.
Teams were no longer allowed to change their gear ratios from race to race to suit the individual demands of a circuit. Instead, they had to nominate eight gear ratios ahead of the first race of the season, and these eight ratios were used at every Grand Prix. They were given one opportunity to change their ratios once the season had started, but any subsequent changes would have incurred a grid penalty.
Lower noses returned for the first time since the . The 2014 regulations required the use of lower noses than in previous years, in the interests of driver safety. The tip of the nose had to be no more than 185 mm (7.3 in) above the ground, in comparison to the 550 mm (22 in) allowed in 2012. These regulations were amended in June 2013 so as to completely outlaw the use of the "stepped noses" used in 2012 and 2013, thereby forcing teams to design a car with a genuinely lower nose rather than using the temporary solution.
The original rules—first published in August 2011—also called for a variety of bodywork changes aimed at cutting downforce, most notably through the use of narrower front wings, and a shallower angle to the main plane of rear wings. These additional changes were formally abandoned in December 2012, but the requirement that cars be built with a nose no more than 185mm above the ground was retained. The planned reduction in front wing width from 1,800 mm (71 in) to 1,650 mm (65 in) was subsequently reintroduced.
Teams were no longer able to use a beam wing at the rear of the car, a small carbon fibre wing mounted above the diffuser designed to generate low pressure as air passed over it, allowing them greater control over the air that was being deliberately directed over the diffuser.
In order to promote fuel efficiency and limit horsepower levels seen in the 1980s, the last time Formula One used forced induction engines, fuel flow was restricted to 100 kg/h above 10,500 below 10,500 rpm a formula for the maximum flow was applied based on the rpm in use.
Following Daniel Ricciardo's disqualification from the
for exceeding the fuel-flow limit, the FIA issued a Technical Directive preventing teams from making modifications to their fuel sensors after an investigation into the problem found that compounds in the bespoke fuel used by some teams were corroding a rubber seal in the sensor, leading to anomalous readings.
The position of the exhaust outlet changed so that it was now angled upwards toward the rear wing instead of downwards to face the rear diffuser so as to make the practice of using exhaust blown diffusers—passing exhaust gasses over the rear diffuser to improve the car's downforce—extremely difficult to achieve.
The minimum weight of the cars was increased from 642 kg (1,415 lb) to 691 kg (1,523 lb) to account for the increased weight of the engine, energy recovery units, and 2014 specification of tyres.
In the week following the British Grand Prix, the FIA announced a total ban on the Front-and-Rear Interconnected suspension system (commonly abbreviated as FRIC) starting with immediate effect on the grounds that it was a movable aerodynamic device under Article 3.15 of the technical regulations. The FRIC system linked the front and rear suspension arrays together, using inertia to transfer hydraulic fluid across the car to offset the effects of weight transfer on the car under braking, acceleration and cornering, thereby creating a static ride height and improving stability.
The use of false camera mountings was banned. Teams had previously exploited a loophole in the regulations that allowed them to add additional pieces of bodywork to the car in the place of camera mountings and take advantage of the aerodynamic benefits. From 2014, this loophole was closed, with the regulations rewritten to only allow camera mountings to be used for cameras. This rule was later updated to force the teams to mount the cameras on an external piece of bodywork after Red Bull fitted its cameras within the nose of the .
Mid-season testing returned in 2014. Three European venues each hosted a two-day test in the week following the Grand Prix held at the circuit with one test being held in the week after the final round in . In addition to this, teams had to dedicate one of these days to aiding tyre supplier
in the development of their tyres. These rules were later adjusted to allow teams to choose which venues they tested at during the season. Additionally, cars were also classified as "current", "previous" and "historic", with the FIA introducing limits on which cars could be used and the conditions under which they were tested. The end-of-season Young Driver Tests, which were held to give teams the opportunity to assess rookie drivers, were discontinued.
The penalty system was overhauled in 2014 so as to improve driving standards, with the introduction of a "penalty points" system for driving offences. Under the system, driving offences carried a pre-determined points value based on their severity. These points were tallied up over the course of a season, with a driver receiving a race ban after accumulating twelve penalty points. Any driver who received a race ban would also have received an additional five penalty points upon their return, as a form of probation to discourage further driving offences. Penalty points remained on a driver's licence for twelve months, at which point they will have been removed.
Stewards were given the power to hand out five-second penalties in addition to the existing range of penalties within their power. The five-second penalties were introduced for situations where a penalty was justified, but the existing penalties—such as a drive-through or a stop/go penalty—were considered too severe, or where such a penalty would radically alter the outcome of a race if applied retroactively, with penalised drivers facing the loss of championship points for otherwise minor violations of the rules. Drivers were permitted to serve these penalties before a regular pit stop, with the driver stopping in their pit bay for five seconds before any work was carried out on the car. The five-second penalty could also be added to a driver's total race time in the event that it was issued after they had made their final pit stop. Drivers serving drive-through or stop/go penalties were still not permitted to serve a penalty ahead of their pit stop, and were instead required to enter the pit lane separately to serve the penalty.
The rules regarding unsafe pit releases—when a car is released from its pit bay to the lane directly into the path of an oncoming car—were rewritten, with the driver who was released in an unsafe fashion given a grid penalty for the next race.
The pit lane speed limit was reduced from 100 km/h (62 mph) to 80 km/h (50 mph).
Drivers were only able to use five engines over the course of a season in 2014, down from eight in 2013. Drivers who used a sixth engine started the race from the pit lane, as opposed to the ten-place grid penalty handed down for going over the engine quota in previous season. Drivers were only able to use five individual components of each power unit element over the course of the season. If a driver went over this quota for any individual element, they incurred a ten-place grid penalty. They would receive a further five-place penalty for going over the five-unit allocation of any other element after the original ten-place penalty was applied in a bid to stop teams changing multiple elements of the engine unit after receiving a grid penalty.
In the event that such a penalty relegated a driver past the back row of the grid, the remaining penalty carried over to the next race. For example, if a driver qualified in nineteenth position and received a five-place grid penalty, they dropped to twenty-second and last place for that race, and then would receive an additional two-place penalty in the next Grand Prix. These penalties could only be carried over to the next race, rather than accumulate, and only applied to penalties issued for going over the component quota. Penalties cannot be carried over f when a driver incurred such a penalty during the final race of the season, the stewards had the power to issue time penalties during the race.
The procedure for issuing penalties for speeding under yellow flag conditions in qualifying was changed for 2014. Previously, drivers had been forced to slow down in the timing sector of the circuit where a yellow flag was being waved. However, after a series of penalties were issued to drivers for speeding in a sector with yellow flags when the incident that triggered the yellow flag took place behind them, the FIA introduced a change to the procedure. Starting in 2014, the circuits were divided into two hundred metre intervals. In the event of a yellow flag, drivers had to demonstrate that they slowed down in the two hundred metres immediately before and after the yellow flags while they were being displayed, or else incurred a penalty.
Following Jules Bianchi's accident at the Japanese Grand Prix, the FIA announced plans to introduce a mandatory speed limiter to cars that could be remotely activated from Race Control in the event of a yellow flag. Labelled "" (VSC), the system is an alternative to the use of an actual
and was first tested during practice at the United States Grand Prix. The system originally aimed at restricting drivers to a 100 km/h (62 mph) speed limit under specific yellow flag situations, following reports that Bianchi had been travelling at 212 km/h (132 mph) when he left the circuit. Similar trials were conducted in
and Abu Dhabi, with VSC ultimately being managed through specified sector (delta) times rather than a speed limit in affected sectors.
Following a series of high-profile incidents involving tyres throughout the 2013 season that culminated in a string of explosive blow-outs at the , the FIA passed a resolution granting them the power to change the specifications of the tyres used by competitors with immediate effect should the need arise.
Drivers were assigned permanent numbers for the duration of their careers, with the championship adopting a system similar to the one used in . The number 1 was the champion's right, with drivers free to choose any number from 2 to 99; the champion's "regular" number was reserved while the champion was using the number 1. The regulations further stipulated that a driver's number had to be clearly visible, both on their car and on their helmet. Previously, the numbering system had been partially based on the World Constructors' Championship finishing positions from the previous year.
Drivers who did not take part in a qualifying period were assigned grid positions based on the qualifying bracket they were in at the time and their Free Practice 3 lap times. For example, if two drivers qualified for but did not take part in Q3, they started the race from ninth and tenth places, with the positions they took decided by their FP3 times. The rule was rewritten as grid positions for drivers who had not set lap times or left the pits had previously been decided by car numbers.
The FIA introduced the "Pole Trophy", a non-championship award presented to the driver who qualified on pole for the most races.
The qualifying format was adjusted to allow drivers more time to complete flying laps in Q3. The final qualifying period was extended to twelve minutes in length, with Q1 scaled back to eighteen minutes to keep the entire session within one hour.
was relaxed at the start of the season to account for teams dealing with the challenges that arose from the new engine regulations. FIA Race Director
was quoted as saying that the enforcement of the rule would be taken on a case-by-case basis, but that the stewards would consider a driver able to qualify provided they set consistent lap times in Free Practice.
The FIA introduced a curfew system in
that prohibited team personnel from accessing the circuit in the six hours before the first session of the day, with teams given four "jokers"—exceptions to the rule that allowed them to stay within the circuit boundaries past the curfew hours without penalty so as to complete work on cars—to use throughout the season. The rule was revised for 2014, with teams given six exceptions over the course of the year as a response to the introduction of the new engine formula.
Drivers had to be able to return to the pits under their own power after the chequered flag had fallen in a bid to stop drivers from pulling over in order to preserve the mandatory one-litre fuel sample required to pass post-race scrutineering.
Teams were now allowed to run up to four drivers during both Friday practice sessions, though they were still limited to entering a maximum of two cars during the sessions. If one of the team's nominated drivers was unable to take part, any replacement driver had to use the engine, gearbox and tyres which were allocated to the original driver.
The final race of the season offered double points to teams and drivers in a bid to keep the championship fight alive for longer.
Starting as of the , the FIA restricted pit-to-car communications, banning any radio transmissions between driver and team or
displaying information that are deemed to be related to the performance of the driver or their car—such as discussing sector times relative to other cars—under Article 20.1 of the sporting regulations, which stated that a competitor must drive the car unaided.
secured their first
with a 1–2 finish in .
—seen here in —scored 's first and only points in Formula One at the .
won their first World Constructors' Championship after taking a 1–2 finish in Russia.
won his second World Drivers' Championship after a season-long battle with team-mate . Rosberg won the
and , and Hamilton the races in , ,
after retiring in Australia. The Mercedes team's run of victories ended in
where Rosberg and Hamilton were simultaneously hit with a power unit failure that put additional strain on their brakes. Hamilton was forced out of the race and while Rosberg was able to continue, his performance deteriorated and he ultimately finished second. Mercedes returned to the top of the podium in , with Rosberg leading Hamilton across the finish line for his third victory of the season. Hamilton reclaimed ground in the championship standings in
winning after Rosberg was forced out with gearbox issues. Rosberg claimed the win in , while Hamilton recovered to third after an accident in qualifying saw him start from twentieth place. Hamilton finished third in
after starting from pit lane, ahead of Rosberg. Rosberg had to settle for second place in
after contact with Hamilton early in the race, which ultimately prompted Mercedes to retire Hamilton's car. Hamilton went on to claim his sixth win of the season in , ahead of Rosberg. Hamilton reclaimed the championship lead with a win in , while Rosberg was retired with a broken wiring loom. Hamilton claimed the win in rain- and accident-shortened , ahead of Rosberg. Hamilton won the inaugural race in , once again ahead of Rosberg. The result was enough for Mercedes to secure their first World Constructors' Championship. Hamilton took his fifth consecutive win – for the first time in his career – in the , again ahead of Rosberg. Rosberg took his fifth win of the season in , with Hamilton finishing in second. Hamilton carried a seventeen-point advantage into the title-deciding
and went on to win the race while Rosberg struggled with electrical problems and finished outside the points. With eleven pole positions to his name, Rosberg won the inaugural FIA Pole Trophy.
finished second overall, after suffering a difficult start to the season when
retired and
was disqualified from the Australian Grand Prix. Red Bull appealed the disqualification, but the result was upheld by the International Court of Appeal. Vettel went on to finish third in Malaysia, while Ricciardo retired, and both drivers scored points in Bahrain and China. Ricciardo recorded his first podium finish with a third place in Spain, while Vettel recovered to fourth place after technical problems and a penalty for a gearbox change saw him start the race from fifteenth position. Ricciardo finished in third place in Monaco, while Vettel retired due to an issue with his power unit. Ricciardo took advantage of the Mercedes team's difficulties in Canada to claim his maiden Grand Prix victory—and Renault's first with a turbocharged engine since the —while Vettel finished third. The team struggled in their home race in Austria, with Vettel retiring early and Ricciardo finishing eighth. Ricciardo returned to the podium in Britain, while Vettel finished fifth after a protracted battle with Alonso. Vettel and Ricciardo were fourth and sixth respectively in Germany. Ricciardo scored his second career win in Hungary, while Vettel finished seventh. Ricciardo scored his third career victory in Belgium while Vettel took fifth. In Italy, Ricciardo took fifth place, ahead of Vettel. Both drivers recorded podium finishes in Singapore. Vettel took to the podium with third place in Japan, ahead of Ricciardo. Ricciardo took seventh place in Russia, ahead of Vettel. Ricciardo returned to the podium in the United States, while Vettel finished in seventh after starting from pit lane following a complete change of his power unit. Vettel finished fifth in Brazil while Ricciardo retired when his front-left upright suspension was broken. Both drivers were thrown out of qualifying in Abu Dhabi after their cars failed scrutineering, and they started from the pit lane.
became the first woman to take part in an F1 weekend since
when she participated in free practice at the .
were third, having started the season strongly when
scored more points in the opening race than the Williams team did during the 2013 season. Bottas and team-mate
went on to record points finishes in Malaysia and Bahrain. The team recorded another minor points finish in China, before Bottas showed enough pace to challenge Ricciardo for a podium position early in the Spanish Grand Prix, but eventually finished fifth after being overtaken by Vettel late in the race. Massa finished seventh in Monaco, while Bottas retired. In Canada, Massa showed good enough pace to challenge for the lead in the late stages of the race until he collided with Sergio Pérez on the final lap. Massa qualified on pole in Austria, his first since the , and he went on to finish in fourth while Bottas scored the first podium of his career, crossing the finish line in third place. Bottas secured back-to-back podium finishes by scoring second place in Britain and soon after claimed his third consecutive podium finish after finishing in second place in Germany, while Massa retired on the opening lap in both Britain and Germany. In Hungary, Massa and Bottas were fifth and eighth, respectively. Bottas returned to the podium in Belgium, while Massa was outside the points. Massa took his first podium since the
in Italy, ahead of Bottas. Massa took fifth place in Singapore, while Bottas finished outside the points due to a loss of grip in the late stages. In Japan, Bottas and Massa were sixth and seventh, respectively. Bottas took the fifth podium of his career with a third place in Russia, while Massa finished outside the points. At the next round in the United States, Massa and Bottas finished fourth and fifth respectively. In Brazil, Massa took his second podium of the season and his fifth podium on his home soil in third place, while Bottas finished tenth. In the last race of the season in Abu Dhabi, both drivers stepped on the podium with Massa finishing second and Bottas third.
finished fourth, with
scoring a mixed run of results throughout the season. Alonso took his first podium of the season with his third-place finish in China, while R?ikk?nen had a string of relatively low-placed results, the best of which was fourth place in Belgium. Both drivers recorded minor points in Canada and again in Austria. Alonso had to be content with sixth place in Britain after a rain-affected qualifying saw him start from sixteenth place, while R?ikk?nen crashed heavily on the opening lap, forcing the temporary stoppage of the race. Alonso finished in fifth place in Germany, while R?ikk?nen was outside the points. Alonso managed to get the team's best result with second place in Hungary, while R?ikk?nen returned to the points in sixth place. R?ikk?nen took fourth place in Belgium, while Alonso finished eighth but was promoted to seventh after Magnussen's penalty. In Italy, Alonso was retired with an ERS failure, while R?ikk?nen finished in tenth, but was promoted to ninth after Magnussen's penalty. Alonso took fourth place in Singapore, while R?ikk?nen took eighth. In Japan, neither Alonso nor R?ikk?nen scored points, as Alonso retired when his power unit failed due to an electrical problem, while R?ikk?nen ended up in twelfth, ending Ferrari's run of eighty-one consecutive points finishes—the longest run in Formula One history. Alonso took sixth place in Russia, while R?ikk?nen came home in ninth. Alonso repeated the result in the United States, while R?ikk?nen finished outside the points. In Brazil, Alonso finished sixth, ahead of R?ikk?nen. Both drivers recorded minor points in Abu Dhabi. It was the first time since
that Ferrari failed to win a race in a season.
secured fifth place. Following their first season without a podium finish in 2013, the team saw
finish second and third in Australia. Both drivers recorded points finishes in Malaysia, but were forced out of the Bahrain Grand Prix with clutch issues, and failed to score points in China and again in Spain. The team managed to recover in Monaco, with Button finishing sixth and Magnussen tenth after contact with R?ikk?nen. Button finished fourth in Canada after a string of late-race retirements helped him move up the order. Magnussen used his recent knowledge of the circuit to finish seventh in Austria, while Button's attempt at a different strategy failed, leaving him in eleventh. Button and Magnussen were fourth and seventh respectively in Britain. Button finished eighth in Germany, ahead of Magnussen, who was involved in a first-lap altercation with Massa. Button finished tenth in Hungary, while Magnussen was outside the points. In Belgium, Magnussen finished sixth ahead of Button, but was given a twenty-second time penalty after the race, demoting him to twelfth. In Italy, Magnussen and Button originally finished seventh and ninth respectively, but Magnussen received another time penalty—this time for five seconds—demoting him to tenth, while Button promoted to eighth. Magnussen took the final point in Singapore, while Button was forced out when his engine shut down. Button finished fifth in Japan, while Magnussen was outside the points. The team took fourth and fifth place in Russia, with Button finishing in front of Magnussen. Magnussen took eighth in the United States, while Button failed to score points. Button finished fourth in Brazil whilst Magnussen finished ninth. In Abu Dhabi, Button finished fifth, while Magnussen finished outside the points.
were classified sixth overall. In , the team scored their first podi , who finished third for the team in Bahrain, was on target to score another podium in Canada, but was rear-ended by Felipe Massa late in the race and both retired. Pérez briefly held the lead in Austria, but gradually fell back to sixth, and recorded the fastest lap, whilst
battled R?ikk?nen for ninth. Hülkenberg finished eighth in Britain, while Pérez was outside the points. Both drivers scored minor points in Germany. Force India suffered their first double retirement of the season in Hungary as both drivers crashed out of the race. Pérez finished ninth in Belgium, while Hülkenberg was outside the points. Both drivers however were later promoted to eighth and tenth respectively after Kevin Magnussen was issued a time penalty shortly after the race. Pérez originally finished eighth in Italy, but was promoted to seventh after Magnussen's penalty, while Hülkenberg was outside the points. Hülkenberg finished ninth in Singapore, while Pérez recovered to seventh place after being forced to make an unscheduled pit stop following contact with . Hülkenberg and Pérez were eighth and tenth respectively in Japan. Pérez took the final points-scoring position in Russia, while Hülkenberg was outside the points. The team had another double retirement in United States, as Pérez collided with both R?ikk?nen and Sutil, forcing both himself and Sutil into retirement, while Hülkenberg ground to a halt later in the race with mechanical issues. Hülkenberg finished eighth in Brazil whilst Pérez finished outside the points. Hülkenberg and Pérez fared slightly better in Abu Dhabi, finishing sixth and seventh respectively.
were seventh overall, with Russian rookie
becoming the youngest driver to score points in Formula One, having finished ninth in Australia.
finished eighth in Canada, while Kvyat retired with a mechanical failure. Both drivers retired in Austria: Kvyat after suffering a rear suspension failure, and Vergne with brake issues. Both drivers recorded points in Britain. Vergne finished ninth in Hungary, while Kvyat missed the points. Kvyat finished ninth in Belgium, while Vergne was outside the points. Vergne recorded the team's best result of the season with sixth place in Singapore. Vergne took ninth in Japan, while Kvyat qualified a career-best fifth in Russia, but fell down the order with fuel consumption problems. Vergne originally took ninth in the United States, but was demoted to tenth after he incurred a five-second penalty following contact in an incident with Grosjean. Kvyat finished outside the points after taking a ten-place grid penalty for an engine change. Both Toro Rossos finished outside the points in Brazil and Abu Dhabi, bringing a disappointing end to both drivers' careers with the team.
After missing the first test of pre-season,
finished the season in eighth position, with
finishing eighth in both Spain and Monaco, while
remained scoreless until he picked up two points for ninth place in the United States.
were classified ninth, owing to
scoring points in Monaco as he finished the race in ninth place, but both drivers collided on the opening lap of the Canadian Grand Prix, bringing about an end to 's run of twenty-five consecutive classified race finishes. Bianchi managed to score the team's best ever qualifying result with twelfth in Britain. He was later critically injured in an accident in the closing stages of the Japanese Grand Prix and succumbed to his injuries on 17 July 2015. The team later elected to sit out the United States round altogether before the team closed down ahead of the Brazilian Grand Prix.
finished tenth and eleventh overall, with both teams having failed to score a point in 2014. Sauber suffered a string of retirements for both drivers while struggling with a car that was too heavy. Sutil took the team's best result by qualifying in ninth in the United States, but his performance was short-lived, as he was hit from behind by Sergio Pérez, and the team ultimately endured their first pointless season in their twenty-two year history. Caterham spent the early races trading places with Marussia, but fell behind once Bianchi scored points for Marussia in Monaco, despite an eleventh-place finish for
in the same race. In Belgium, Caterham opted to replace current driver Kobayashi with three time
winner an however after out-qualifying Ericsson, he was forced to retire after a single lap when his power unit cut out. Team principal
sold the team in July, but the transaction was never finalised and the team was put into
following the . As a result, Caterham was forced to miss the United States and Brazilian Grands Prix. They returned in time for the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, entering Kamui Kobayashi alongside debutant . Kobayashi retired from the race, while Stevens was the final classified driver in 17th place.
, the car entered by World Constructors' Champion
Points were awarded to the top ten classified finishers using the following structure:
In the event of a tie, a count-back system was used as a tie-breaker, with a driver's best result used to decide the standings.
                Driver                
Other points position
Other classified position
Not classified, finished (NC)
Not classified, retired (Ret)
Did not qualify (DNQ)
Did not pre-qualify (DNPQ)
Disqualified (DSQ)
Did not start (DNS)
Race cancelled (C)
Did not practice (DNP)
Excluded (EX)
Did not arrive (DNA)
Withdrawn (WD)
Bold - Pole position
Italics - Fastest lap
+ — Drivers did not finish the Grand Prix, but were classified as they completed more than 90% of the race distance.
? — Double points were awarded at the .
Constructor
Constructor
Other points position
Other classified position
Not classified, finished (NC)
Not classified, retired (Ret)
Did not qualify (DNQ)
Did not pre-qualify (DNPQ)
Disqualified (DSQ)
Did not start (DNS)
Race cancelled (C)
Did not practice (DNP)
Excluded (EX)
Did not arrive (DNA)
Withdrawn (WD)
Bold - Pole position
Italics - Fastest lap
+ — Drivers did not finish the Grand Prix, but were classified as they completed more than 90% of the race distance.
? — Double points were awarded at the .
The first two Free Practice sessions of the
are traditionally held on the Thursday before the race.
In the event that two or more drivers achieved the same result an equal number of times, their next-best result was used. Should two or more drivers achieve equal results an equal number of times, the standings were settled in favour of the driver who was the first to achieve their best result.
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2014. Great to see @Jules_Bianchi in the house today, eyeing up the new #MR03. We said "smile" & @Rory_f1 kindly obliged!
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2014. Max Chilton will line up alongside Jules Bianchi again in 2014, after Marussia confirmed it will retain the Briton for a second year, making the announcement at AUTOSPORT International
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Noble, Jonathan (14 November 2013). . <.
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F1. 11 December 2013. Archived from
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2013. Esteban Gutierrez will remain with Sauber for a second season in 2014, the team has announced.
. <. . 13 December .
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2014. On the Scuderia Toro Rosso front, the first STR9 chassis is currently being assembled in the Faenza factory.
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Freeman, Glenn (21 January 2014). . <.
2014. Paul di Resta will return to the DTM with Mercedes in 2014 after losing his Formula 1 drive with Force India to Sergio Perez.
Essler, William (21 January 2014). . Sky . British Sky Broadcasting 2014. Dutchman raced for Caterham during 2013 season
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Noble, Jonathan (10 October 2014). . <.
. . . 5 October 2014. Archived from
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2012. How much lower will the noses be? In 2012, F1 cars had a maximum front nose height of 550mm above the floor of the car. In 2014, that is being reduced to 185mm – a reduction in height of 365mm.
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2013. 3.4.1. Bodywork width ahead of the front wheel centre line must not exceed 1650mm.
Beamer, John (27 January 2014). . F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine 2014.
(PDF). FIA 2013.
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Collantine, Keith (7 March 2014). . F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine 2014.
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Noble, Jonathan (9 May 2013). . <.
Collantine, Keith (9 May 2013). . F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine 2013.
Collantine, Keith (28 June 2013). . F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine 2013. Drivers may only use five complete power units during a season and will have to start from the pits if they use an extra one. Engine suppliers may provide units to up to four teams.
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from the original on 6 March .
. . Formula One Management.Ltd. 2014.
from the original on 6 March . We are used to seeing teams replace one of their race drivers with a test driver for opening practice on a Friday. However, from 2014 teams are able to run up to four drivers – though still only two cars – in either Friday session.
Beer, Matt (9 December 2013). . <.
Cooper, Adam (19 September 2014). . Adam Cooper's F1 Blog.
Allen, James (12 October 2014). . James Allen on F1.
. BBC. 23 November .
. Racecar Engineering. 16 March .
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. The Guardian. 18 July .
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Galloway, James (24 October 2014). . .
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"F1 2014" redirects here. For the video game based on the 2014 Formula One season, see .
World Championship
Support series:
, the 2014
finished second in the Drivers' Championship, 67 points behind Hamilton. He also won the inaugural Pole Trophy.
finished third in his first season with .
The 2014 Formula One season was the 65th season of the , a
championship for Formula One cars, recognised by the sport's governing body, the
(FIA), as the highest class of competition for
racing cars. The season started in
on 16 March and concluded in
on 23 November. In the nineteen
of the season, a total of eleven teams and twenty-four drivers competed for the
Championships. It was the first Formula One season since
to see an accident with ultimately fatal consequences as
succumbed to the injuries he sustained during the . He died on 17 July 2015 after spending nine months in a coma following the accident.
In 2014, the championship saw the introduction of a revised engine formula, in which the 2.4 litre
configuration—previously used between
and —was replaced with a new formula specifying a 1.6 litre turbocharged
that incorporated an energy recovery system into its build. The 2014 calendar featured substantial revisions from the 2013 the
(held the first time in a century) was held at the , and the
was revived with the race held at the
was put on hiatus, whilst the
was removed from the schedule entirely.
started the season as defending World Drivers' Champion having secured his fourth consecutive Drivers' title the previous season at the . His team, , also started the season as defending World Constructors' Champion having secured its fourth consecutive Constructors' title last season at the same Grand Prix in which its lead driver secured his title.
won his second World Drivers' Championship with 384 points and 11 victories having previously won his first Drivers' title in , ahead of his team-mate,
with 317 points and 5 victories. Rosberg also won the inaugural FIA Pole Trophy having amassed a total of 11 pole positions over the course of the season. Mercedes secured their first World Constructors' Championship in Russia, and finished the season with 701 points, 296 points ahead of Red Bull Racing. The season also saw the first three wins of , who finished third in the championship for Red Bull Racing.
The following teams and drivers took part in the 2014 season.
                Entrant                         
  Race drivers          
Free Practice drivers 
Caterham F1 Team
Renault Energy
1–11, 13–16, 19
Scuderia Ferrari
Ferrari 059/3
Sahara Force India F1 Team
Lotus F1 Team
Renault Energy
Marussia F1 Team
Ferrari 059/3
McLaren Mercedes
Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team
Infiniti Red Bull Racing
Renault Energy
Sauber F1 Team
Ferrari 059/3
Scuderia Toro Rosso
Renault Energy
Williams Martini Racing
elected not to build an engine to fit the 2014 generation of regulations. This decision prompted , the only team using Cosworth engines during the , to seek out a new engine supplier. They joined
customer programme with Ferrari providing the team with both engine and powertrain for 2014 and beyond.
secured an agreement with
for engines in 2014, ending their seven-year arrangement with Ferrari.
parted ways with Renault after two seasons, switching to Mercedes power in what the team described as a "long-term deal". The deal came after Renault publicised their intentions to reduce their engine supply to three teams in 2014, before the French manufacturer ultimately settled on supplying four.
In 2011, former
team principal
announced the formation of —commonly known by its acronym, PURE—and signalled his intentions to enter the sport in 2014 as a customer engine supplier, with the full support of the FIA. However, the engine programme was eventually suspended in July 2012 due to problems regarding funding, and was ultimately unable to secure any clients for the 2014 season.
left Ferrari at the end of the 2013 season after eight years racing for the team. He moved to Williams, alongside . , having been replaced at Williams by Massa, moved to , taking the seat vacated by
World Champion . R?ikk?nen returned to Ferrari, the team he raced for from 2007 to . The partnership of R?ikk?nen and
marked the first time since
that Ferrari contested a season with two World Drivers' Champions in the team.
retired from Formula One after twelve seasons, the last seven with Red Bull Racing. He moved to the .
to fill his seat, becoming the second driver to graduate from the team's
to their premier racing team. Toro Rosso chose
as Ricciardo's replacement.
after a single season with the team. He was replaced by
champion and McLaren Young Driver Programme member . Pérez moved to , where he was joined by , who returned to the team after one year with . As a result of the Hülkenberg and Pérez deals,
lost their seats with the team. Sutil went on to secure Hülkenberg's vacant seat at Sauber, while di Resta left Formula One entirely and returned to the , the series he competed in prior to joining Formula One.
returned to Formula One with , after spending the 2013 season competing in the World Endurance Championship. He was partnered with
regular , who became the first Swedish driver in Formula One since
retired from the sport in . The decision left both
without a drive, and both went on to take reserve driver ro van der Garde joined Sauber, while Pic moved to Lotus.
joined Williams as a test and reserve driver, with a programme that included participation in selected Free Practice 1 sessions. In doing so, she became the first female driver to take part in a Grand Prix weekend since
failed to qualify for the .
(bottom)—both seen here at the —went into
late in the season.
In the week before the , Caterham announced that team owner
had sold his controlling stake in the team to a group of Swiss and Dubai-based investors. Former
was appointed as team principal, with the team declaring its intentions to continue competing under the Caterham name. Albers was himself replaced by Manfredi Ravetto, who admitted that the sale was necessary to keep the team on the grid. Ravetto was in turn replaced, this time by Finbarr O'Connell, who was appointed when the team was placed into
ahead of the
due to a dispute over the team's ownership. The team was later given a dispensation to miss the United States and
in order to resolve the dispute.
Three-time
winner and
(now ) champion
made his Formula One debut with Caterham, replacing
at the . Under the terms of the deal, Kobayashi returned to the team for the , while Lotterer returned to Super Formula. The team had further planned to substitute Kobayashi for Formula One's most experienced driver in history, , in the United States, Brazilian and
Grands Prix, but were forced to abandon the plan when they entered administration. The team ultimately put together a rescue package ahead of the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, but with Marcus Ericsson formally leaving the team ahead of a move to Sauber in , Caterham chose debutant
as his replacement.
was entered for the
as a replacement for . However, following the first practice session, Chilton was reinstated as the team's racing driver, and Rossi only participated in the practice session. Rossi was later nominated as 's replacement for the , but the entry was ultimately withdrawn out of respect for the critically injured Bianchi.
suffered a serious head injury in a crash at the , remaining hospitalised and in a coma until his death in July 2015. Marussia decided to enter only one car in the
out of respect for the Frenchman. Faced with their own financial problems, the team was also granted a dispensation to miss the United States Grand Prix. One week before the Grand Prix, Marussia followed Caterham into administration. The team ultimately folded ahead of the Brazilian Grand Prix.
Nations that hosted a
in 2014 are highlighted in green, with former host nations shown in pink.
The following nineteen Grands Prix took place in 2014.
Grand Prix
                                              
16 March
30 March
6 April
20 April
11 May
25 May
8 June
22 June
6 July
20 July
27 July
24 August
7 September
21 September
5 October
12 October
2 November
9 November
23 November
In 2014 Formula One travelled to
for the first time, with the
Red Bull reached an agreement with
to revive the Austrian Grand Prix after a ten-year absence from the calendar. The race was held at the Red Bull Ring, which previously hosted the Austrian Grand Prix in , when the circuit was known as the A1-Ring.
The calendar saw the introduction of the Russian Grand Prix with the race staged at the Sochi Autodrom near the end of the season. The race took place on a street circuit constructed around the . It was the first Russian Grand Prix in a century, and the first time the country had ever hosted a round of the . The
had cautioned that it would use its power to delay the race until 2015 if it felt that construction of the circuit and facilities were disrupting preparations for the , but this proved not to be an issue.
returned to the calendar to host the , in keeping with the event-sharing agreement first established in
for the two circuits to host the Grand Prix in alternating years. The Hockenheimring last hosted a Grand Prix in .
The Indian Grand Prix was not held in 2014 following the devaluation of the
and ongoing complications arising from Indian taxation laws, which had dogged the event since its
in 2011, with authorities classifying the Grand Prix as "entertainment", which under Indian law would have entitled the authorities to claim a portion of the teams' revenue as tax for competing in India, something they would have been unable to do if the race had been classified as a "sport". The race promoters initially came to an agreement with Bernie Ecclestone to skip the 2014 event and return to the calendar early in 2015; however, in March 2014, Ecclestone stated that the race will likely be pushed back to
while the sport tries to resolve the taxation issue.
The Korean Grand Prix, , and the
were included in the provisional calendar published in September 2013, but were later removed from the final calendar released in December.
was held as a night event under lights, similar to the . The decision to hold the race under lights was taken as a means of marking the tenth anniversary of the event.
had been provisionally scheduled for 9 November. However, the date coincided with a
home game, which would have strained Austin's tourism infrastructure. The final calendar rescheduled the race for 2 November to eliminate this conflict.
Car aesthetics proved controversial in 2014, with the demand for a low nose resulting in teams designing cars with a finger-like appendage—seen here in the nose of the —dubbed the
at the front of the chassis.
The 2014 season saw the introduction of a new engine formula, with turbocharged engines returning to the sport for the first time since . The new engines were a 1.6 litre
format with an 8-speed semi-automatic . The rules dictated the use of a ninety-degree engine bank, with fixed crankshaft and mounting points for the chassis, while the engines were limited to 15,000 . Individual engine units under the 2014 specifications had to last for at least 4,000 km (2,500 mi) before being replaced, in comparison to the pre-2014 engines, which were required to last for just 2,000 km (1,200 mi). The engines, now known as "power units", were divided into six separate components: the
(TC); Motor Generator Unit-Kinetic (MGU-K), which harvested energy that would normally be
Motor Generator Unit-Heat (MGU-H), which collected energy in the form of heat as it was expelled Energy Store (ES), which functioned as batteries, holding the energy gathered by the Motor Generator U and Control Electronics (CE), which included the Electronic Control Unit and software used to manage the entire power unit.
Under the previous generation of engines, used from 2006 to 2013, engines were subject to a development "freeze", which prohibited manufacturers from upgrading their engines. Faced with the complexity of the 2014 engines, the engine freeze was replaced with a points-trading system to prevent manufacturers from being unable to develop or improve their engines. Under the system, the individual parts of the engine were classified as Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3, and were assigned a points value there within. Engine manufacturers were given a budget of sixty-six points, which they were free to spend on engine development, with points deducted from their budget depending on the parts developed.
The —known from
to 2013 as KERS, and renamed from 2014 as ERS-K—was incorporated into the design of the engine and its function as a supplementary power source was taken by the introduction of the
energy recovery system (ERS). The ERS unit captured waste heat as it was dispelled from the exhaust turbocharger, using an electrical device known as a heat motor generator unit. This waste heat was stored as an electrical charge until it was used by a complementary system called the kinetic motor generator unit. This device was connected directly to the drive train to deliver the additional power in the most direct and efficient way. In combination with the ERS-K it gave drivers an additional 161 bhp (120 kW) for thirty-three seconds per lap, compared to the KERS units used prior to 2014, which gave drivers 80 bhp (60 kW) for six seconds per lap. This energy was released into the powertrain by the electronic control unit (ECU) to promote the most efficient and effective application of the power, but the driver had the ability to manually override the ECU and use the remaining available power instantly.
Teams were permitted to use electronic braking devices to manage the braking of the rear wheels as the increased power output from the ERS-K units made regulating the brake bias much harder than it had been previously.
Teams were no longer allowed to change their gear ratios from race to race to suit the individual demands of a circuit. Instead, they had to nominate eight gear ratios ahead of the first race of the season, and these eight ratios were used at every Grand Prix. They were given one opportunity to change their ratios once the season had started, but any subsequent changes would have incurred a grid penalty.
Lower noses returned for the first time since the . The 2014 regulations required the use of lower noses than in previous years, in the interests of driver safety. The tip of the nose had to be no more than 185 mm (7.3 in) above the ground, in comparison to the 550 mm (22 in) allowed in 2012. These regulations were amended in June 2013 so as to completely outlaw the use of the "stepped noses" used in 2012 and 2013, thereby forcing teams to design a car with a genuinely lower nose rather than using the temporary solution.
The original rules—first published in August 2011—also called for a variety of bodywork changes aimed at cutting downforce, most notably through the use of narrower front wings, and a shallower angle to the main plane of rear wings. These additional changes were formally abandoned in December 2012, but the requirement that cars be built with a nose no more than 185mm above the ground was retained. The planned reduction in front wing width from 1,800 mm (71 in) to 1,650 mm (65 in) was subsequently reintroduced.
Teams were no longer able to use a beam wing at the rear of the car, a small carbon fibre wing mounted above the diffuser designed to generate low pressure as air passed over it, allowing them greater control over the air that was being deliberately directed over the diffuser.
In order to promote fuel efficiency and limit horsepower levels seen in the 1980s, the last time Formula One used forced induction engines, fuel flow was restricted to 100 kg/h above 10,500 below 10,500 rpm a formula for the maximum flow was applied based on the rpm in use.
Following Daniel Ricciardo's disqualification from the
for exceeding the fuel-flow limit, the FIA issued a Technical Directive preventing teams from making modifications to their fuel sensors after an investigation into the problem found that compounds in the bespoke fuel used by some teams were corroding a rubber seal in the sensor, leading to anomalous readings.
The position of the exhaust outlet changed so that it was now angled upwards toward the rear wing instead of downwards to face the rear diffuser so as to make the practice of using exhaust blown diffusers—passing exhaust gasses over the rear diffuser to improve the car's downforce—extremely difficult to achieve.
The minimum weight of the cars was increased from 642 kg (1,415 lb) to 691 kg (1,523 lb) to account for the increased weight of the engine, energy recovery units, and 2014 specification of tyres.
In the week following the British Grand Prix, the FIA announced a total ban on the Front-and-Rear Interconnected suspension system (commonly abbreviated as FRIC) starting with immediate effect on the grounds that it was a movable aerodynamic device under Article 3.15 of the technical regulations. The FRIC system linked the front and rear suspension arrays together, using inertia to transfer hydraulic fluid across the car to offset the effects of weight transfer on the car under braking, acceleration and cornering, thereby creating a static ride height and improving stability.
The use of false camera mountings was banned. Teams had previously exploited a loophole in the regulations that allowed them to add additional pieces of bodywork to the car in the place of camera mountings and take advantage of the aerodynamic benefits. From 2014, this loophole was closed, with the regulations rewritten to only allow camera mountings to be used for cameras. This rule was later updated to force the teams to mount the cameras on an external piece of bodywork after Red Bull fitted its cameras within the nose of the .
Mid-season testing returned in 2014. Three European venues each hosted a two-day test in the week following the Grand Prix held at the circuit with one test being held in the week after the final round in . In addition to this, teams had to dedicate one of these days to aiding tyre supplier
in the development of their tyres. These rules were later adjusted to allow teams to choose which venues they tested at during the season. Additionally, cars were also classified as "current", "previous" and "historic", with the FIA introducing limits on which cars could be used and the conditions under which they were tested. The end-of-season Young Driver Tests, which were held to give teams the opportunity to assess rookie drivers, were discontinued.
The penalty system was overhauled in 2014 so as to improve driving standards, with the introduction of a "penalty points" system for driving offences. Under the system, driving offences carried a pre-determined points value based on their severity. These points were tallied up over the course of a season, with a driver receiving a race ban after accumulating twelve penalty points. Any driver who received a race ban would also have received an additional five penalty points upon their return, as a form of probation to discourage further driving offences. Penalty points remained on a driver's licence for twelve months, at which point they will have been removed.
Stewards were given the power to hand out five-second penalties in addition to the existing range of penalties within their power. The five-second penalties were introduced for situations where a penalty was justified, but the existing penalties—such as a drive-through or a stop/go penalty—were considered too severe, or where such a penalty would radically alter the outcome of a race if applied retroactively, with penalised drivers facing the loss of championship points for otherwise minor violations of the rules. Drivers were permitted to serve these penalties before a regular pit stop, with the driver stopping in their pit bay for five seconds before any work was carried out on the car. The five-second penalty could also be added to a driver's total race time in the event that it was issued after they had made their final pit stop. Drivers serving drive-through or stop/go penalties were still not permitted to serve a penalty ahead of their pit stop, and were instead required to enter the pit lane separately to serve the penalty.
The rules regarding unsafe pit releases—when a car is released from its pit bay to the lane directly into the path of an oncoming car—were rewritten, with the driver who was released in an unsafe fashion given a grid penalty for the next race.
The pit lane speed limit was reduced from 100 km/h (62 mph) to 80 km/h (50 mph).
Drivers were only able to use five engines over the course of a season in 2014, down from eight in 2013. Drivers who used a sixth engine started the race from the pit lane, as opposed to the ten-place grid penalty handed down for going over the engine quota in previous season. Drivers were only able to use five individual components of each power unit element over the course of the season. If a driver went over this quota for any individual element, they incurred a ten-place grid penalty. They would receive a further five-place penalty for going over the five-unit allocation of any other element after the original ten-place penalty was applied in a bid to stop teams changing multiple elements of the engine unit after receiving a grid penalty.
In the event that such a penalty relegated a driver past the back row of the grid, the remaining penalty carried over to the next race. For example, if a driver qualified in nineteenth position and received a five-place grid penalty, they dropped to twenty-second and last place for that race, and then would receive an additional two-place penalty in the next Grand Prix. These penalties could only be carried over to the next race, rather than accumulate, and only applied to penalties issued for going over the component quota. Penalties cannot be carried over f when a driver incurred such a penalty during the final race of the season, the stewards had the power to issue time penalties during the race.
The procedure for issuing penalties for speeding under yellow flag conditions in qualifying was changed for 2014. Previously, drivers had been forced to slow down in the timing sector of the circuit where a yellow flag was being waved. However, after a series of penalties were issued to drivers for speeding in a sector with yellow flags when the incident that triggered the yellow flag took place behind them, the FIA introduced a change to the procedure. Starting in 2014, the circuits were divided into two hundred metre intervals. In the event of a yellow flag, drivers had to demonstrate that they slowed down in the two hundred metres immediately before and after the yellow flags while they were being displayed, or else incurred a penalty.
Following Jules Bianchi's accident at the Japanese Grand Prix, the FIA announced plans to introduce a mandatory speed limiter to cars that could be remotely activated from Race Control in the event of a yellow flag. Labelled "" (VSC), the system is an alternative to the use of an actual
and was first tested during practice at the United States Grand Prix. The system originally aimed at restricting drivers to a 100 km/h (62 mph) speed limit under specific yellow flag situations, following reports that Bianchi had been travelling at 212 km/h (132 mph) when he left the circuit. Similar trials were conducted in
and Abu Dhabi, with VSC ultimately being managed through specified sector (delta) times rather than a speed limit in affected sectors.
Following a series of high-profile incidents involving tyres throughout the 2013 season that culminated in a string of explosive blow-outs at the , the FIA passed a resolution granting them the power to change the specifications of the tyres used by competitors with immediate effect should the need arise.
Drivers were assigned permanent numbers for the duration of their careers, with the championship adopting a system similar to the one used in . The number 1 was the champion's right, with drivers free to choose any number from 2 to 99; the champion's "regular" number was reserved while the champion was using the number 1. The regulations further stipulated that a driver's number had to be clearly visible, both on their car and on their helmet. Previously, the numbering system had been partially based on the World Constructors' Championship finishing positions from the previous year.
Drivers who did not take part in a qualifying period were assigned grid positions based on the qualifying bracket they were in at the time and their Free Practice 3 lap times. For example, if two drivers qualified for but did not take part in Q3, they started the race from ninth and tenth places, with the positions they took decided by their FP3 times. The rule was rewritten as grid positions for drivers who had not set lap times or left the pits had previously been decided by car numbers.
The FIA introduced the "Pole Trophy", a non-championship award presented to the driver who qualified on pole for the most races.
The qualifying format was adjusted to allow drivers more time to complete flying laps in Q3. The final qualifying period was extended to twelve minutes in length, with Q1 scaled back to eighteen minutes to keep the entire session within one hour.
was relaxed at the start of the season to account for teams dealing with the challenges that arose from the new engine regulations. FIA Race Director
was quoted as saying that the enforcement of the rule would be taken on a case-by-case basis, but that the stewards would consider a driver able to qualify provided they set consistent lap times in Free Practice.
The FIA introduced a curfew system in
that prohibited team personnel from accessing the circuit in the six hours before the first session of the day, with teams given four "jokers"—exceptions to the rule that allowed them to stay within the circuit boundaries past the curfew hours without penalty so as to complete work on cars—to use throughout the season. The rule was revised for 2014, with teams given six exceptions over the course of the year as a response to the introduction of the new engine formula.
Drivers had to be able to return to the pits under their own power after the chequered flag had fallen in a bid to stop drivers from pulling over in order to preserve the mandatory one-litre fuel sample required to pass post-race scrutineering.
Teams were now allowed to run up to four drivers during both Friday practice sessions, though they were still limited to entering a maximum of two cars during the sessions. If one of the team's nominated drivers was unable to take part, any replacement driver had to use the engine, gearbox and tyres which were allocated to the original driver.
The final race of the season offered double points to teams and drivers in a bid to keep the championship fight alive for longer.
Starting as of the , the FIA restricted pit-to-car communications, banning any radio transmissions between driver and team or
displaying information that are deemed to be related to the performance of the driver or their car—such as discussing sector times relative to other cars—under Article 20.1 of the sporting regulations, which stated that a competitor must drive the car unaided.
secured their first
with a 1–2 finish in .
—seen here in —scored 's first and only points in Formula One at the .
won their first World Constructors' Championship after taking a 1–2 finish in Russia.
won his second World Drivers' Championship after a season-long battle with team-mate . Rosberg won the
and , and Hamilton the races in , ,
after retiring in Australia. The Mercedes team's run of victories ended in
where Rosberg and Hamilton were simultaneously hit with a power unit failure that put additional strain on their brakes. Hamilton was forced out of the race and while Rosberg was able to continue, his performance deteriorated and he ultimately finished second. Mercedes returned to the top of the podium in , with Rosberg leading Hamilton across the finish line for his third victory of the season. Hamilton reclaimed ground in the championship standings in
winning after Rosberg was forced out with gearbox issues. Rosberg claimed the win in , while Hamilton recovered to third after an accident in qualifying saw him start from twentieth place. Hamilton finished third in
after starting from pit lane, ahead of Rosberg. Rosberg had to settle for second place in
after contact with Hamilton early in the race, which ultimately prompted Mercedes to retire Hamilton's car. Hamilton went on to claim his sixth win of the season in , ahead of Rosberg. Hamilton reclaimed the championship lead with a win in , while Rosberg was retired with a broken wiring loom. Hamilton claimed the win in rain- and accident-shortened , ahead of Rosberg. Hamilton won the inaugural race in , once again ahead of Rosberg. The result was enough for Mercedes to secure their first World Constructors' Championship. Hamilton took his fifth consecutive win – for the first time in his career – in the , again ahead of Rosberg. Rosberg took his fifth win of the season in , with Hamilton finishing in second. Hamilton carried a seventeen-point advantage into the title-deciding
and went on to win the race while Rosberg struggled with electrical problems and finished outside the points. With eleven pole positions to his name, Rosberg won the inaugural FIA Pole Trophy.
finished second overall, after suffering a difficult start to the season when
retired and
was disqualified from the Australian Grand Prix. Red Bull appealed the disqualification, but the result was upheld by the International Court of Appeal. Vettel went on to finish third in Malaysia, while Ricciardo retired, and both drivers scored points in Bahrain and China. Ricciardo recorded his first podium finish with a third place in Spain, while Vettel recovered to fourth place after technical problems and a penalty for a gearbox change saw him start the race from fifteenth position. Ricciardo finished in third place in Monaco, while Vettel retired due to an issue with his power unit. Ricciardo took advantage of the Mercedes team's difficulties in Canada to claim his maiden Grand Prix victory—and Renault's first with a turbocharged engine since the —while Vettel finished third. The team struggled in their home race in Austria, with Vettel retiring early and Ricciardo finishing eighth. Ricciardo returned to the podium in Britain, while Vettel finished fifth after a protracted battle with Alonso. Vettel and Ricciardo were fourth and sixth respectively in Germany. Ricciardo scored his second career win in Hungary, while Vettel finished seventh. Ricciardo scored his third career victory in Belgium while Vettel took fifth. In Italy, Ricciardo took fifth place, ahead of Vettel. Both drivers recorded podium finishes in Singapore. Vettel took to the podium with third place in Japan, ahead of Ricciardo. Ricciardo took seventh place in Russia, ahead of Vettel. Ricciardo returned to the podium in the United States, while Vettel finished in seventh after starting from pit lane following a complete change of his power unit. Vettel finished fifth in Brazil while Ricciardo retired when his front-left upright suspension was broken. Both drivers were thrown out of qualifying in Abu Dhabi after their cars failed scrutineering, and they started from the pit lane.
became the first woman to take part in an F1 weekend since
when she participated in free practice at the .
were third, having started the season strongly when
scored more points in the opening race than the Williams team did during the 2013 season. Bottas and team-mate
went on to record points finishes in Malaysia and Bahrain. The team recorded another minor points finish in China, before Bottas showed enough pace to challenge Ricciardo for a podium position early in the Spanish Grand Prix, but eventually finished fifth after being overtaken by Vettel late in the race. Massa finished seventh in Monaco, while Bottas retired. In Canada, Massa showed good enough pace to challenge for the lead in the late stages of the race until he collided with Sergio Pérez on the final lap. Massa qualified on pole in Austria, his first since the , and he went on to finish in fourth while Bottas scored the first podium of his career, crossing the finish line in third place. Bottas secured back-to-back podium finishes by scoring second place in Britain and soon after claimed his third consecutive podium finish after finishing in second place in Germany, while Massa retired on the opening lap in both Britain and Germany. In Hungary, Massa and Bottas were fifth and eighth, respectively. Bottas returned to the podium in Belgium, while Massa was outside the points. Massa took his first podium since the
in Italy, ahead of Bottas. Massa took fifth place in Singapore, while Bottas finished outside the points due to a loss of grip in the late stages. In Japan, Bottas and Massa were sixth and seventh, respectively. Bottas took the fifth podium of his career with a third place in Russia, while Massa finished outside the points. At the next round in the United States, Massa and Bottas finished fourth and fifth respectively. In Brazil, Massa took his second podium of the season and his fifth podium on his home soil in third place, while Bottas finished tenth. In the last race of the season in Abu Dhabi, both drivers stepped on the podium with Massa finishing second and Bottas third.
finished fourth, with
scoring a mixed run of results throughout the season. Alonso took his first podium of the season with his third-place finish in China, while R?ikk?nen had a string of relatively low-placed results, the best of which was fourth place in Belgium. Both drivers recorded minor points in Canada and again in Austria. Alonso had to be content with sixth place in Britain after a rain-affected qualifying saw him start from sixteenth place, while R?ikk?nen crashed heavily on the opening lap, forcing the temporary stoppage of the race. Alonso finished in fifth place in Germany, while R?ikk?nen was outside the points. Alonso managed to get the team's best result with second place in Hungary, while R?ikk?nen returned to the points in sixth place. R?ikk?nen took fourth place in Belgium, while Alonso finished eighth but was promoted to seventh after Magnussen's penalty. In Italy, Alonso was retired with an ERS failure, while R?ikk?nen finished in tenth, but was promoted to ninth after Magnussen's penalty. Alonso took fourth place in Singapore, while R?ikk?nen took eighth. In Japan, neither Alonso nor R?ikk?nen scored points, as Alonso retired when his power unit failed due to an electrical problem, while R?ikk?nen ended up in twelfth, ending Ferrari's run of eighty-one consecutive points finishes—the longest run in Formula One history. Alonso took sixth place in Russia, while R?ikk?nen came home in ninth. Alonso repeated the result in the United States, while R?ikk?nen finished outside the points. In Brazil, Alonso finished sixth, ahead of R?ikk?nen. Both drivers recorded minor points in Abu Dhabi. It was the first time since
that Ferrari failed to win a race in a season.
secured fifth place. Following their first season without a podium finish in 2013, the team saw
finish second and third in Australia. Both drivers recorded points finishes in Malaysia, but were forced out of the Bahrain Grand Prix with clutch issues, and failed to score points in China and again in Spain. The team managed to recover in Monaco, with Button finishing sixth and Magnussen tenth after contact with R?ikk?nen. Button finished fourth in Canada after a string of late-race retirements helped him move up the order. Magnussen used his recent knowledge of the circuit to finish seventh in Austria, while Button's attempt at a different strategy failed, leaving him in eleventh. Button and Magnussen were fourth and seventh respectively in Britain. Button finished eighth in Germany, ahead of Magnussen, who was involved in a first-lap altercation with Massa. Button finished tenth in Hungary, while Magnussen was outside the points. In Belgium, Magnussen finished sixth ahead of Button, but was given a twenty-second time penalty after the race, demoting him to twelfth. In Italy, Magnussen and Button originally finished seventh and ninth respectively, but Magnussen received another time penalty—this time for five seconds—demoting him to tenth, while Button promoted to eighth. Magnussen took the final point in Singapore, while Button was forced out when his engine shut down. Button finished fifth in Japan, while Magnussen was outside the points. The team took fourth and fifth place in Russia, with Button finishing in front of Magnussen. Magnussen took eighth in the United States, while Button failed to score points. Button finished fourth in Brazil whilst Magnussen finished ninth. In Abu Dhabi, Button finished fifth, while Magnussen finished outside the points.
were classified sixth overall. In , the team scored their first podi , who finished third for the team in Bahrain, was on target to score another podium in Canada, but was rear-ended by Felipe Massa late in the race and both retired. Pérez briefly held the lead in Austria, but gradually fell back to sixth, and recorded the fastest lap, whilst
battled R?ikk?nen for ninth. Hülkenberg finished eighth in Britain, while Pérez was outside the points. Both drivers scored minor points in Germany. Force India suffered their first double retirement of the season in Hungary as both drivers crashed out of the race. Pérez finished ninth in Belgium, while Hülkenberg was outside the points. Both drivers however were later promoted to eighth and tenth respectively after Kevin Magnussen was issued a time penalty shortly after the race. Pérez originally finished eighth in Italy, but was promoted to seventh after Magnussen's penalty, while Hülkenberg was outside the points. Hülkenberg finished ninth in Singapore, while Pérez recovered to seventh place after being forced to make an unscheduled pit stop following contact with . Hülkenberg and Pérez were eighth and tenth respectively in Japan. Pérez took the final points-scoring position in Russia, while Hülkenberg was outside the points. The team had another double retirement in United States, as Pérez collided with both R?ikk?nen and Sutil, forcing both himself and Sutil into retirement, while Hülkenberg ground to a halt later in the race with mechanical issues. Hülkenberg finished eighth in Brazil whilst Pérez finished outside the points. Hülkenberg and Pérez fared slightly better in Abu Dhabi, finishing sixth and seventh respectively.
were seventh overall, with Russian rookie
becoming the youngest driver to score points in Formula One, having finished ninth in Australia.
finished eighth in Canada, while Kvyat retired with a mechanical failure. Both drivers retired in Austria: Kvyat after suffering a rear suspension failure, and Vergne with brake issues. Both drivers recorded points in Britain. Vergne finished ninth in Hungary, while Kvyat missed the points. Kvyat finished ninth in Belgium, while Vergne was outside the points. Vergne recorded the team's best result of the season with sixth place in Singapore. Vergne took ninth in Japan, while Kvyat qualified a career-best fifth in Russia, but fell down the order with fuel consumption problems. Vergne originally took ninth in the United States, but was demoted to tenth after he incurred a five-second penalty following contact in an incident with Grosjean. Kvyat finished outside the points after taking a ten-place grid penalty for an engine change. Both Toro Rossos finished outside the points in Brazil and Abu Dhabi, bringing a disappointing end to both drivers' careers with the team.
After missing the first test of pre-season,
finished the season in eighth position, with
finishing eighth in both Spain and Monaco, while
remained scoreless until he picked up two points for ninth place in the United States.
were classified ninth, owing to
scoring points in Monaco as he finished the race in ninth place, but both drivers collided on the opening lap of the Canadian Grand Prix, bringing about an end to 's run of twenty-five consecutive classified race finishes. Bianchi managed to score the team's best ever qualifying result with twelfth in Britain. He was later critically injured in an accident in the closing stages of the Japanese Grand Prix and succumbed to his injuries on 17 July 2015. The team later elected to sit out the United States round altogether before the team closed down ahead of the Brazilian Grand Prix.
finished tenth and eleventh overall, with both teams having failed to score a point in 2014. Sauber suffered a string of retirements for both drivers while struggling with a car that was too heavy. Sutil took the team's best result by qualifying in ninth in the United States, but his performance was short-lived, as he was hit from behind by Sergio Pérez, and the team ultimately endured their first pointless season in their twenty-two year history. Caterham spent the early races trading places with Marussia, but fell behind once Bianchi scored points for Marussia in Monaco, despite an eleventh-place finish for
in the same race. In Belgium, Caterham opted to replace current driver Kobayashi with three time
winner an however after out-qualifying Ericsson, he was forced to retire after a single lap when his power unit cut out. Team principal
sold the team in July, but the transaction was never finalised and the team was put into
following the . As a result, Caterham was forced to miss the United States and Brazilian Grands Prix. They returned in time for the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, entering Kamui Kobayashi alongside debutant . Kobayashi retired from the race, while Stevens was the final classified driver in 17th place.
, the car entered by World Constructors' Champion
Points were awarded to the top ten classified finishers using the following structure:
In the event of a tie, a count-back system was used as a tie-breaker, with a driver's best result used to decide the standings.
                Driver                
Other points position
Other classified position
Not classified, finished (NC)
Not classified, retired (Ret)
Did not qualify (DNQ)
Did not pre-qualify (DNPQ)
Disqualified (DSQ)
Did not start (DNS)
Race cancelled (C)
Did not practice (DNP)
Excluded (EX)
Did not arrive (DNA)
Withdrawn (WD)
Bold - Pole position
Italics - Fastest lap
+ — Drivers did not finish the Grand Prix, but were classified as they completed more than 90% of the race distance.
? — Double points were awarded at the .
Constructor
Constructor
Other points position
Other classified position
Not classified, finished (NC)
Not classified, retired (Ret)
Did not qualify (DNQ)
Did not pre-qualify (DNPQ)
Disqualified (DSQ)
Did not start (DNS)
Race cancelled (C)
Did not practice (DNP)
Excluded (EX)
Did not arrive (DNA)
Withdrawn (WD)
Bold - Pole position
Italics - Fastest lap
+ — Drivers did not finish the Grand Prix, but were classified as they completed more than 90% of the race distance.
? — Double points were awarded at the .
The first two Free Practice sessions of the
are traditionally held on the Thursday before the race.
In the event that two or more drivers achieved the same result an equal number of times, their next-best result was used. Should two or more drivers achieve equal results an equal number of times, the standings were settled in favour of the driver who was the first to achieve their best result.
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